Applying Bayesian Networks in the Early Diagnosis of Bulimia and Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescents

2018 ◽  
pp. 364-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Placido Rogerio Pinheiro ◽  
Mirian Caliope Dantas Pinheiro ◽  
Victor Câmera Damasceno ◽  
Marley Costa Marques ◽  
Raquel Souza Bino Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Nursing Diagnoses

The diseases and health problems are concerns of managers of the Unified Health System has costs in more sophisticated care sector are high. The World Health Organization focused on prevention of chronic diseases to prevent millions of premature deaths in the coming years, bringing substantial gains in economic growth by improving the quality of life. Few countries appear to be aimed at prevention, if not note the available knowledge and control of chronic diseases and may represent an unnecessary risk to future generations. Early diagnosis of these diseases is the first step to successful treatment in any age group. The objective is to build a model, from the establishment of a Bayesian network, for the early diagnosis of nursing to identify eating disorders bulimia and anorexia nervosa in adolescents, from the characteristics of the DSM-IV and Nursing Diagnoses The need for greater investment in technology in public health actions aims to increase the knowledge of health professionals, especially nurses, contributing to prevention, decision making and early treatment of problems.

Machine Learning-Based Approach for Predictive Analytics in Healthcare

2022 ◽  
pp. 182-206
Author(s):  
Sandeep Kumar Hegde ◽  
Monica R. Mundada
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Domain Knowledge ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Future Trend ◽  
Medical Data ◽  
World Health ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Health Organization

In this internet era, due to digitization in every application, a huge amount of data is produced digitally from the healthcare sectors. As per the World Health Organization (WHO), the mortality rate due to the various chronic diseases is increasing each day. Every year these diseases are taking lives of at least 50 million people globally, which includes even premature deaths. These days, machine learning (ML)-based predictive analytics are turning out as effective tools in the healthcare sectors. These techniques can extract meaningful insights from the medical data to analyze the future trend. By predicting the risk of diseases at the preliminary stage, the mortality rate can be reduced, and at the same time, the expensive healthcare cost can be eliminated. The chapter aims to briefly provide the domain knowledge on chronic diseases, the biological correlation between theses disease, and more importantly, to explain the application of ML algorithm-based predictive analytics in the healthcare sectors for the early prediction of chronic diseases.

scholarly journals Clinical orthodontic management during the COVID-19 pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunjay Suri ◽  
Yona R. Vandersluis ◽  
Anuraj S. Kochhar ◽  
Ritasha Bhasin ◽  
Mohamed-Nur Abdallah
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Contingency Management ◽  
World Health ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objectives To provide a comprehensive summary of the implications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on orthodontic treatment, contingency management, and provision of emergency orthodontic treatment, using currently available data and literature. Materials and Methods Orthodontically relevant sources of information were searched using electronic databases including PubMed and Google Scholar and current reports from major health bodies such as Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, National Institutes of Health, and major national orthodontic associations. Results Where available, peer-reviewed and more recent publications were given priority. Due to the rapidly evolving nature of COVID-19 and limitations in quality of evidence, a narrative synthesis was undertaken. Relevant to orthodontics, human-to human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 occurs predominantly through the respiratory tract via droplets, secretions (cough, sneeze), and or direct contact, where the virus enters the mucous membrane of the mouth, nose, and eyes. The virus can remain stable for days on plastic and stainless steel. Most infected persons experience a mild form of disease, but those with advanced age or underlying comorbidities may suffer severe respiratory and multiorgan complications. Conclusions During the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, elective orthodontic treatment should be suspended and resumed only when permitted by federal, provincial, and local health regulatory authorities. Emergency orthodontic treatment can be provided by following a contingency plan founded on effective communication and triage. Treatment advice should be delivered remotely first when possible, and where necessary, in-person treatment can be performed in a well-prepared operatory following the necessary precautions and infection prevention and control (IPAC) protocol.

Quality of Life Assessment in Turkish Patients with Schizophrenia and Their Relatives

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Köksal Alptekin ◽  
Berna Binnur Akdede ◽  
Yildiz Akvardar ◽  
Songül çelikgün ◽  
N. Sinem Dilşen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Turkish Patients

Quality of life of first-degree relatives living in the same household with patients having schizophrenia has not been sufficiently explored. 30 patients with schizophrenia (16 women, 14 men), diagnosed using DSM–IV criteria, 31 of their relatives (15 women, 16 men), and 34 control subjects (21 women, 13 men) were included in the study. The mean age of the patients, their relatives, and the control subjects were 39.8 ± 10.9, 58.1 ± 12.5 and 37.3 ± 17.0, respectively. The World Health Organization Quality of Life–Brief Form was administered to all subjects. Quality of life was worse for the patient group than for their relatives and control subjects, but relatives of the patients and control subjects were not significantly different on Quality of life. Quality of life was negatively correlated with the severity of psychopathology and extrapyramidal side effects induced by antipsychotic drugs in the patients.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Stroke Education Program (CSEP) on Knowledge and Quality of Life among Patients with Stroke and Burden among Caregivers

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Baminidevi Nagarajan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Stroke is a global health problem. Rehabilitation is a major part of patient care. The statistics on Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) quoted by world health organization projects that nearly 15 million people suffer from stroke worldwide each year. Of these, 5 million die and another 5 million are permanently disabled. High blood pressure contributes to more than 12.7 million strokes worldwide. Study objectives were to determine the effectiveness of CSEP on knowledge and Quality of Life (QoL) among patients with stroke and to evaluate the effectiveness of CSEP on knowledge and burden among caregivers. This study was conducted at Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre (SRMC), Chennai-600 116. It is a 1675 bedded multi-specialty hospital. The pretest was conducted in neurology wards and the posttest was conducted at neurology OPD. Permission obtained from ethical committee. Randomized controlled trial research method was adopted. Sample size was 170 dyads (patient+caregiver) in those 85 dyads in each group were recruited by lottery method. Following pretest, CSEP was implemented to the study group dyads. Posttests were taken on 30th day, 90th day and 180th day at neurology OPD for both the groups. Comparison of mean scores of knowledge on stroke between the study and control group showed the level of knowledge found to be high among study group patients at p<0.001. The mean scores of ADL in the study group was statistically significant at p<0.05 level. The mean scores of Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) showed statistically significant at p<0.05. Overall mean scores of Stroke Specific Quality of Life (SSQOL) in the study group were found to be significant at p<0.01. Study group caregiver’s knowledge on stroke was statistically significant at p<0.01. The burden mean scores were higher among control group than the study group caregiver.

scholarly journals A Study on Comparative Analysis of COVID-19 Datasets

SEEU Review ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-120
Author(s):  
Genc Hamzaj ◽  
Zamir Dika ◽  
Isak Shabani
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Credible World ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Abstract In December 2019 a virus named COVID-19 appeared in China, precisely in the city of Wuhan. This virus was declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Since no adequate medical treatment has yet been discovered for this virus, many world institutions are committed to share with each other the data they collect and process in their laboratories. A large amount of these data is shared with citizens in order to inform about the risk that threaten us by virus COVID-19. Various credible world institutions such as the World Health Organization (WHO), Johns Hopkins University (JHU), the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), etc., are providing various statistical data to address the issues raised by this emergent situation, but these reports in some cases are putting doubts on the completeness and the transparency of the data, which are not sufficiently processed and which then create confusion about the risks that we are facing. In this paper we are conducting a study of the quality of current global datasets from the must credible sources related to COVID-19. Also, we are comparing datasets collected from Republic of Kosovo and Republic of North Macedonia with corresponding data from WHO, ECDC and JHU datasets. To analyze datasets from different sources, we are using Power BI tool, making the improvement through the implementation of adequate dimensions and methods of improving the quality of datasets.

scholarly journals Profile of Capacity and Response to Noncommunicable Diseases and Their Risk Factors in the Region of the Americas: Country Capacity Survey Results, 2017

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
World Health ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Political Commitment ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Premature Deaths ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control

Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death in the Americas, accounting for 81% of all deaths in the Region in 2016. Of the estimated 5.5 million NCD-related annual deaths, 39% of these are premature deaths (occurring between the ages of 30–70) and are largely a result of the four main NCDs: cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, and chronic respiratory diseases. NCDs and related premature deaths can be significantly reduced through government policies that prevent, treat, and control these diseases. To monitor countries’ capacities to address NCDs, including progress and trends over time, various tools are implemented, including the World Health Organization Country Capacity Survey (WHO-CCS). The survey captures information related to NCD infrastructure, policies, surveillance, and health systems. Conducted in 2001, 2005, 2010, 2013, and in 2017, this 6th edition of the CCS incorporates new validation processes to verify country responses through the submission of official policy documents and a data comparison to global health databases. These protocols were introduced to enhance data quality and provide an accurate reflection of the country capacity to combat NCDs. It is important to recognize that for the first time in the Americas, 100% of the Member States (35 countries) and 76% of the Associate Members and Participating States (13 of 17 countries) completed the survey. As such, the 2017 CCS provides a comprehensive assessment of the entire Region and demonstrates the political commitment of the Americas to reduce the burden of NCDs. This report presents results of the 2017 CCS and offers an updated review of progress in the Region of the Americas including gaps and recommendations for improvement to strengthen countries’ capacities to address NCDs and their risk factors. While advancements have been made, without an acceleration of commitments and significant investments, it is anticipated that some countries in the Americas will not meet their global targets.

Alexithyme Patientenmerkmale und Lebensqualität – Eine Querschnittsstudie an 79 ambulanten Patienten mit Angststörungen

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Leenen ◽  
Michael Rufer ◽  
Hanspeter Moergeli ◽  
Hans-Jörgen Grabe ◽  
Josef Jenewein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
World Health Organization Quality ◽  
Fand Sich ◽  
Quality Of Life Questionnaire ◽  
Organization Quality ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Tas 20

Aus Untersuchungen in der Normalbevölkerung ist bekannt, dass Menschen mit erhöhten Alexithymiewerten eine verminderte Lebensqualität (LQ) aufweisen. Für Patienten mit psychischen Störungen wurde dieser Zusammenhang jedoch kaum untersucht. Ziel dieser Studie war es, den möglichen Zusammenhang zwischen alexithymen Patientenmerkmalen und der LQ bei Patienten mit Angststörungen zu überprüfen. Bei 79 ambulanten Patienten mit Angststörungen wurden alexithyme Charakteristika mit der Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), die LQ mit der Kurzversion des World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire 100 (WHOQOL-BREF) erfasst. Darüber hinaus fand eine Erhebung der psychischen Symptombelastung (SCL-90-R) und depressiven Symptomatik (MADRS) statt. Mittels hierarchischer Regressionsanalysen wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen der alexithymen Charakteristika und den unterschiedlichen LQ-Domänen berechnet. Die Patienten zeigten eine im Vergleich zur Normalbevölkerung deutlich verminderte LQ. Als Hauptergebnis fand sich, auch nach Kontrolle von Depression, Ängstlichkeit und Geschlecht, ein signifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen den beiden TAS-20 Subskalen Schwierigkeiten, Gefühle zu identifizieren und zu beschreiben und vor allem der psychischen LQ. Unsere Ergebnisse sprechen dafür, bei der Diagnostik und Therapieplanung von Patienten mit Angststörungen alexithyme Merkmale einzubeziehen. Im Falle von ausgeprägten alexithymen Merkmalen sollten psychotherapeutische Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Schwierigkeiten Gefühle wahrzunehmen und zu kommunizieren in Betracht gezogen werden.

Flouride and Nitrate Status of Some Ground Waters in Chittor District of Rajasthan State (India)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Trapti Sharma ◽  
R. P. Nagar ◽  
R. C. Gaur ◽  
Pooja Gupta ◽  
Charanjit Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
World Health ◽  
Indian Council ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Ground Waters ◽  
Drinking Waters ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Research World ◽  
Drinking Purpose

In Rajasthan state the ground waters of some areas like Ramganj-mandi, Morak, Barmer, Jaisalmer, Chittor and Udaipur etc. are susceptible from drinking point of view.To test the quality of groundwater in Chittor district 14, ground water samples were collected from various places and analyzed for pH, E.C., Fluoride and Nitrate parameters by standard methods (A.P.H. A., Washington, USA, 1995). The study revealed that none of the ground waters was found suitable completely from drinking point of view. Some are having electrical conductivity > 1.4 dS/m, some are having pH >8.5, some area having fluoride >1.5 ppm and some are having nitrate>45 ppm. These are the limits of various parameters permitted by various International authorities like Bureau of Indian Standard, Indian Council of Medical Research,world health Organization etc. for drinking waters. So, it is recommended to the residents of above areas to use water for drinking purpose only after reverse osmosis or adopting suitable method of removing excess of Fluoride and Nitrate for drinking water to avoid unwanted pathogenic diseases harmful for human health.

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