Commentary

2011 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Emil Ivanov ◽  
Jay Liebowitz
Keyword(s):  
Flow Theory ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Current State ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Flow Cross

The primary concern for this commentary is to examine and assess the current state of the research performed in the domain of knowledge flow theory and the relationship between these activities and the ways they are affected within different cultures and generations. We observe little research on the relationship between knowledge flow, cross-cultural factors, and stage of life. We feel that more research is needed in order to deal with cross-cultural generational knowledge flows in organizations.

scholarly journals Influences of Cultural Elements on Metaphor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Keyu He
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cultural Elements ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The People ◽  
Figure Of Speech ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

<p>Metaphor is not only an important figure of speech, but also a cognitive means of the human mind. The people with different means of thinking have different cultures. The metaphorical language used by people must be fully saturated with culture peculiar to it. Metaphor, as a figure of speech, is unavoidably associated with culture due to the relationship of language and culture. As far as the theme of the thesis is concerned, it tries to analyze the cultural factors influencing the formation of metaphor.</p>

scholarly journals Morality as a predictor of loneliness: a cross-cultural study

Curationis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Jordaan ◽  
A. Le Roux
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

Loneliness is currently regarded as one of the most common and prevalent problems experienced by adolescents, and it is also observed as a painful, unpleasant and negative experience. South African adolescents also have to face and cope with this predicament daily. The main objective of this study was to establish the perception of adolescents of different cultures regarding loneliness and morality and to investigate the relationship between them. It was also determined which of the independent variables, namely morality, gender, age, mother tongue and ethnicity, contributed significantly to the prediction of loneliness. A total of 714 adolescents from three different secondary schools in the greater Bloemfontein area between the ages of 13 and 17 were selected. Adolescents were used because they are increasingly being confronted with moral issues and because loneliness occurs more commonly during adolescence. The focus was on three ethnic groups, namely Coloured, black and white. Three different questionnaires, namely the Le Roux Loneliness Scale, the Morally Debatable Behaviours Scale and a biographical questionnaire were completed to obtain the necessary data.

A cross-generational and cross-cultural study on demonstration of attentiveness

Pragmatics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 549-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeko Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Verbal Cues ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

This paper looks into whether there are any differences in demonstration of attentiveness between different generations and different cultures. By attentiveness I mean a demonstrator’s preemptive response to a beneficiary’s verbal/non-verbal cues or situations surrounding a beneficiary and a demonstrator, which takes the form of offering. When and how often one would demonstrate attentiveness may vary according to such factors as generation and culture. Three groups of people from different generations and different cultural backgrounds (Japanese and Americans) served as the participants (280 people for the questionnaire data and 18 people for the interview data). It was investigated whether there were any differences among the participants in demonstration of attentiveness, in the reasons for demonstration of attentiveness, and in rating degree of imposition to demonstrate attentiveness. It was also examined whether there was any relationship between degree of imposition to demonstrate attentiveness and demonstration of attentiveness; and in which relationship (the relationship between a demonstrator and a beneficiary of attentiveness varied from very familiar to not very familiar at all) attentiveness was demonstrated. The data were collected using a questionnaire with six situations, based on field notes; and the interviews were conducted using the same six situations. The results show that in most situations there were no major differences among the participants in the choice of demonstration of attentiveness and the reasons for it. The participants chose to demonstrate attentiveness in four situations in the questionnaire, because they wanted to be of help to the other party. There was a relationship between degree of imposition to demonstrate attentiveness and demonstration of attentiveness in four situations. Overall, the interview data confirmed the questionnaire data.

The Relationship Between Adolescents’ Personality and Neurasthenia: A Comparison of Australian and Chinese

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1337-1342
Author(s):  
Lin Ye ◽  
Gu Zhu ◽  
Nick Martin ◽  
Yangyang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Health Report ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of the present study was to examine the cross-cultural differences in the relationship between personality traits and neurasthenia across early adolescence. The participants were from Australia and China. Adolescents’ personality was measured by the Junior Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and neurasthenia was measured by the Somatic and Psychological Health Report. Structural equation modeling showed that neuroticism significantly predicted neurasthenia for both Chinese and Australian adolescents. Multigroup comparisons indicated that the strength of the relationship between neuroticism and neurasthenia was consistent across Australian and Chinese adolescents. Our findings imply that the relationship between personality traits and neurasthenia is consistent across different cultures.

Student Mobility and Migrant Knowledge

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
J.J. Vauterin ◽  
T. Virkki-Hatakka ◽  
K.E. Michelsen
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Student Mobility ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Assessment Policy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

For a better understanding of the impact of global student flows on industries and knowledge societies, we need to rethink the relationship between global student mobility and migrant knowledge. The authors elaborate on the view that current policy and practice relating to higher education mobility puts too much emphasis on mobilizing pools of knowledge, thereby ignoring the fact that knowledge flows tend to be concentrated among people who are actively participating in the knowledge flow. Adopting a shared social context perspective on the dynamics of knowledge flow embedded in mobile minds may enable a better assessment to be made of the impact of student mobility over time on industries and societies. Given such an assessment, policy and practice measures can be developed to encourage those involved in the knowledge flow to exploit student talent flow more effectively.

Abnormal Psychology and Culture

2019 ◽  
pp. 431-467
Author(s):  
Junko Tanaka-Matsumi
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Maladaptive Behaviors ◽  
Linkage Studies ◽  
Abnormal Psychology ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Emic And Etic

More than a century of research on culture and psychopathology has shown that culture exerts a major influence on the identification, labeling, indigenous meaning, course, and outcome of maladaptive behaviors. The major goal of this chapter is to appraise the current state of knowledge of the relationship between culture and psychopathology. More specifically, this chapter aims to identify the contribution of different conceptual and methodological approaches to investigating the relationship between culture and psychopathology; seek integration of universal and culture specific approaches to cross-cultural psychopathology; and promote the development of linkage studies in the field of cross-cultural psychopathology in the age of globalization. These aims are pursued with a focus on major psychiatric disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and anxiety disorders that have generated a large amount of literature from both emic and etic perspectives of psychopathology across cultures.

Leisure Motivation: An Integrative Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1075-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meiai Chen ◽  
Xuequan Pang
Keyword(s):  
Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Coming Of Age ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Intrinsic And Extrinsic Motivation ◽  
Leisure Motivation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cultural Self ◽  
Complex Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

In this article we reviewed research on leisure motivation. We started with a brief review of the history of leisure motivation and then reviewed research on leisure motivation scales and leisure constraints negotiation. Next, we considered the relationship between leisure motivation and culture in terms of cultural, self-construals, and cross-cultural factors. In this review we found that, developmentally, the study of leisure motivation is at a point of coming of age. Finally, we highlighted critical challenges future researchers will face, including understanding leisure motivation within the context of an individual's experience, investigating the complex relationships between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and studying the relationships between leisure motivation and other factors that affect participation.

The role of Confucianism in the formation of psychological contracts: Evidence from China

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1499-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Insu Kwon ◽  
Juil Lee ◽  
Ranran Wang ◽  
Sang-Joon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Contracts ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Specific Factor ◽  
Chinese Context ◽  
Asian Context ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

We investigated the role of cultural factors in the formation of psychological contracts in a Chinese context, on the basis that psychological contracts are different in different cultures. In particular, we considered Confucianism, which can govern the formation of psychological contracts in an Asian context. As people with different personalities make different psychological contracts, we hypothesized that the Asian-specific factor of Confucianism would moderate the relationship between 3 personality factors, namely, neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness, and the formation of psychological contracts. Thus, we surveyed 217 people employed in organizations in China, and found a moderating effect of Confucianism on the relationship between conscientiousness and relational psychological contracts. These findings suggest that when Confucianism is internalized, the Chinese workplace environment can be effectively managed by relational psychological contracts. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Measuring Dynamic Knowledge Flows

2011 ◽  
pp. 125-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark E. Nissen
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Flow Theory ◽  
Knowledge Flows ◽  
Knowledge Flow ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Managerial Decision Making ◽  
Theoretical Contribution

Knowledge is key to sustainable competitive advantage, but different kinds of knowledge affect competitive advantage differently, and they exhibit qualitatively different dynamic properties and behaviors. This places particular importance on understanding the dynamics of knowledge as it flows from where and when it is to where and when it is needed. Despite the increasing analytical and explanatory power of Knowledge Flow Theory toward this end, the extant literature remains limited in terms of measurement. The research described in this chapter builds upon and extends Knowledge Flow Theory to conceptualize and illustrate a scheme for measuring dynamic knowledge flows. Such a scheme offers a theoretical contribution and elucidates an exciting path for continued research along these lines. It highlights practical application as well through enhanced managerial decision making and business value creation in the context of harnessing dynamic knowledge for competitive advantage.

The generalized expectancy bias: An explanatory enigma

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Plaud
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Expectancy Bias ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Behavioral Phenomenon

AbstractAccording to Davey, generalized expectancy biases cause fearrelevant behavior and may complement Seligman's biological preparedness model. Expectancy biases do not explain the preparedness phenomenon, because such cognitive (or covert behavioral) processes are themselves controlled by social and other environmentally based contingencies. Davey's own examination of the importance of cross-cultural factors can show the relationship between FR stimuli and behavior without needing cognitive agency to explain the behavioral phenomenon.

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