This article is devoted to the analysis of parasitic zoonoses as a global and local problem of sanitation and hygiene over the world and in the Russian Federation. Parasitic zoonoses in the world and in the Russian Federation are a complex multilevel biologically protected in terms of ecosystem, epidemiologically significant and sanitary and hygienic problem of modern medicine and veterinary medicine, which includes a number of widespread human invasions, caused by representatives of 17 species of the Protozoa class; 20 species of the Trematoda class; 12 species of the Cestoda class; 29 species of the Nematoda class; 64 species of the Acantocephalus class; 6 species of the Pentastoma class and others (total more than 500 species). To forecast in connection with climate warming, in the future it will be possible to consider the probable expansion of the area and the gain in the incidence of human and many animal species (more than 100 macro and micromammal species) with parasitic zoonoses on a global scale, where the main argument is the incomplete scale of special antiparasitic measures, poor hygienic culture of the population and the implementation of pedagogical technologies in the field of sanitary and hygienic education. As a sanitary and hygienic problem, parasitic zoonoses with complex cycles and invasion transfer mechanisms that actively circulate between various vertebrate animals and humans directly and indirectly through eggs and larvae of pathogens with the tendency of total contamination of the habitat of animals and humans are presented in frameworks of the global and local scale. Violations and non-compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements and regulations (to the point without the countries of the world with irreproachably developed by the medical and veterinary services of the world and WHO at the UN) cause a 3-6 level biological protection of parasitic systems of bio- and geogelmintoses, protozoans of zoonotic nature (parasites of this type, Diphyllobothriidae, Opisthorchidae, Anisakidae, Trichinella, etc., Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichostrongylus, Trichocephalus, Fasciola, Dicrocoelium, Echinococcus, Dracunculus, Fasciolopsis, Moniliformis, Toxoplasma, Entamoeba and many others), which postponed their devaluation even in the regional scale. Therefore, health education should take an important place in the politics of each state, and it must be globally comprehensive. All medical and veterinary requirements to the quality of meat, fish, and plants must be strictly observed, which reduces the risk of parasitoses of the population and animals.
Pathways of Change: Shifting Connectivities in the World City Network, 2000—08
