E-Government and Citizen Participation in Chile

2010 ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Araya Moreno ◽  
Diego Barría Traverso
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interactive Applications ◽  
International Assessments ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Government Deficit ◽  
Available Information

Various international assessments have drawn attention to the level of development e-government has reached in Chile during the early 2000s. Despite this, even official reports recognize that there is an e-government deficit in opening spaces for citizen participation. These results coincide with several works which have shown the limits the State of Chile put to citizen participation. This chapter analyzes the participation supply that the websites of Chilean ministries offer the citizenry. We describe the existing interactive applications offered by the websites, and the possibilities they make available for citizens to participate in public policy discussions. Our conclusion is that there is a wide range of available information regarding ministerial management but, on the other; the lack of participatory mechanisms is confirmed. These results can be understood if considering that within the Chilean public administration a managerial predisposition exists, which makes open participation spaces subordinated to prevailing managerial logics.

scholarly journals THE STRUCTURE OF THE STATE ECONOMIC POLICY OF UKRAINE IMPLEMENTATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
J. Kornilova
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Current Model ◽  
The State ◽  
National Strategy ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the analysis of the structure of the state economic policy of Ukraine implementation. The research uses a wide range of general and special legal methods and techniques of scientific research, in particular: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction; comparative legal, structural-functional, formal-dogmatic methods. As a result of the study, the author substantiates the scientific position that determining the structure of economic policy of Ukraine and its elements, ensuring their coordinated interaction is a priority in the effective functioning of this area of public policy of Ukraine. Unfortunately, the current model of Ukraine's state economic policy in Ukraine is not able to ensure its effectiveness. As a model, it is proposed to take the one developed by German scientists, which provides for the consistent interaction of such elements of the structure of public policy as a strategy, a plan, the implementation of the plan and a report on the implementation of the plan. This model of implementation of economic policy of Ukraine should be the basis for public administration of the economy of Ukraine. Legal support of public administration by economic policy of Ukraine needs to be streamlined and strengthened. According to the author, this goal can be achieved through the adoption, first of all, of the National Strategy for Economic Development of Ukraine, which will become a strategic document. It should specify the purpose, goals, strategic objectives and principles of state economic policy of Ukraine. Based on it, plans for the implementation of this National Strategy should be developed as tactical documents. They should identify step-by-step measures to implement this strategy. Keywords: economy, state policy, administrative law, a structure, legislation.

scholarly journals Density Guarantee on Finding Multiple Subgraphs and Subtensors

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Quang-huy Duong ◽  
Heri Ramampiaro ◽  
Kjetil Nørvåg ◽  
Thu-lan Dam
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Exact Methods ◽  
Practical Solution ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Real World Datasets ◽  
Tensor Data

Dense subregion (subgraph & subtensor) detection is a well-studied area, with a wide range of applications, and numerous efficient approaches and algorithms have been proposed. Approximation approaches are commonly used for detecting dense subregions due to the complexity of the exact methods. Existing algorithms are generally efficient for dense subtensor and subgraph detection, and can perform well in many applications. However, most of the existing works utilize the state-or-the-art greedy 2-approximation algorithm to capably provide solutions with a loose theoretical density guarantee. The main drawback of most of these algorithms is that they can estimate only one subtensor, or subgraph, at a time, with a low guarantee on its density. While some methods can, on the other hand, estimate multiple subtensors, they can give a guarantee on the density with respect to the input tensor for the first estimated subsensor only. We address these drawbacks by providing both theoretical and practical solution for estimating multiple dense subtensors in tensor data and giving a higher lower bound of the density. In particular, we guarantee and prove a higher bound of the lower-bound density of the estimated subgraph and subtensors. We also propose a novel approach to show that there are multiple dense subtensors with a guarantee on its density that is greater than the lower bound used in the state-of-the-art algorithms. We evaluate our approach with extensive experiments on several real-world datasets, which demonstrates its efficiency and feasibility.

IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANISMS OF PUBLIC POLICY IMPLEMENTATION IN THE SOCIO-HUMANITARIAN SPHERE

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrii Moisiiakha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Implementation ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Humanitarian Mission ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Public Policy Implementation ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the problems of finding ways to improve the mechanisms of implementation of state policy in the socio-humanitarian sphere. The purpose of this article is to identify areas for improvement of mechanisms for implementing public policy in the socio-humanitarian sphere, taking into account the needs of their unification within a single approach to the organization of social processes in the analyzed area. Achieving this goal has provided solutions to more practical problems: the development of goals, objectives, areas of state policy in the socio-humanitarian sphere, as well as organizational and legal support for its implementation. All this together will allow to introduce quite detailed algorithms and tools for managing the socio-humanitarian development of Ukraine and to quickly and effectively overcome the negative risks that arise in it. The content, essence and state-legal nature of mechanisms of public administration, as a set of ways and tools of practical realization of state policy are revealed. The analysis of modern approaches to understanding the essence of mechanisms of public administration is carried out. The author's definition of the mechanism of public administration in the socio-humanitarian sphere is offered. The content and essence of state policy in the socio-humanitarian sphere are revealed. The conclusion concerning the basic determinants and features of its development is made. Approaches to the formation of mechanisms for the implementation of state policy in the socio-humanitarian sphere are generalized. The need to further unify approaches to the implementation of such public policy in different sectors of the socio-humanitarian sphere has been proved. The main directions of improvement of mechanisms of its realization are allocated. The mechanism of state policy implementation in the socio-humanitarian sphere is defined as a set of nonlinear sets of tools and methods of state influence, which is implemented through appropriate management decisions (a set of measures as components of state policy) to develop the rights and interests of citizens and practical implementation. guarantees of the state in the fields of education, health care, social security, as well as others covered by the humanitarian mission of the state and able to influence the formation of productive forces, human, intellectual and social capital in society.

Influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Kalashnyk
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Society ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Digital Space ◽  
Technical Literacy ◽  
Ukrainian Society

Problem setting. The COVID-19 pandemic, global quarantine, quarantine restrictions created the conditions for society to react quickly. Digital technologies are now being used more intensively, and the public administration sector is no exception. At the same time, the country's development requires systematic strategic and tactical decisions that will accelerate the introduction of modern digital technologies in all spheres of Ukrainian society, also forming and implementation of public policy at various levels of government. The analysis of recent researches and publications. Problems of digital society are studied by such Ukrainian scientists as O. Klepanchuk, O. Petryk, S. Lisovsky, S. Romanyuk, L. Rudenko (the emphasis – achieving by Ukraine the goals of sustainable development, where the development of the digital society is considered as one of the tools); issues of implementation of e-government and e-democracy are studied by A. Emelyanova, S. Loboyko, O. Maevska, A. Semenchenko, V. Dreshpak; research on the implementation of public policy in a particular area, including in the field of justice and the provision of administrative services, are among the research interests of Y. Starylov, J. Sobko, I. Markvych and others. Among foreign researchers, these issues are being investigated by C. Emmanuelli, N. Jain, N. Maechler, D. Malfara etc. Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem: the main contradictions, trends, problems and prospects for the provision of digital public services, based on the conditions created by the COVID-19 pandemic, namely – the application of quarantine restrictions; influence of digitalization on the public policy forming in Ukraine. Paper main body. The article analyzes the problems inherent in modern Ukrainian society in connection with the rapid digitalization processes, that have taken place over the past year. The influence of digitalization on the forming and implementation of public policy is considered on the example of the activity of the Ministry of justice of Ukraine. Based on the results of a survey of civil servants and local government officials conducted by the author, the main trends, problems and prospects for providing public services online are identified. 2020 turned out to be the crisis year for all mankind on the one hand, and on the other hand – it encouraged the rapid development of certain industries, including the field of digital transformation. In public administration, this has been embodied in promoting the use of digital services and governance platforms. In the direction of forming and implementation of justice state policy main efforts are aimed at building online interaction between citizens and the state, reducing the number of paper documents, more efficient administration of open state registers, ensuring control at each step of citizens' appeals, reducing corruption risks. minimization of the human factor in the processes of providing administrative services. The author conducted the survey among students of the Lviv Regional Institute for Public Administration of the National Academy for Public Administration under the President of Ukraine on the provision of administrative services online. 66 applicants from eight regions of Ukraine were involved in the survey. The question was asked: what hinders the development of administrative services online? Among the answers, the most common are (in order from most popular to least): low technical literacy of service consumers; technical unpreparedness of networks;  unpreparedness of the citizens; unpreparedness of officials; insecurity of the information processed; lack of habit to use online;   distrust to the state. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Contradictions of the digital society development in Ukraine include: the digital divide (the gap in the level of digital equipment); technological unemployment; digital dependence and digital control; digital opportunities for crime; unlimited digital space and its content; the need for large-scale efforts and resources to address the digital space, and needs will only increase; unavailability of information created by bodies-not information managers; form of obtaining information, information is created or obtained in a form unsuitable for machine processing; method of information processing – non-interoperability of data sets from different managers. Among the factors that will determine digitalization processes on the public policy forming in Ukraine, we consider: increasing the technical literacy of service consumers; improving the technical readiness of networks; work with the population to promote the tools of consumption of administrative services online; training of officials to work in the digital space; taking measures to protect information held by the authorities; forming the habit of using online in the field of forming and implementation the public policy; increasing the level of trust to the state.

scholarly journals 'Assimilação crítica' and research on the periphery

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (spe) ◽  
pp. 560-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaylord George Candler
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Scholarly Community ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Foreign Ideas

Abstract:As one of my two contributions to this discussion, I would like to first comment on the state of affairs regarding the development of "um pensamento nacional autêntico." Specifically, I would like to address the issue not from the perspective of the Brazilian trying to 'critically assimilate' foreign ideas, and so avoid the transplantation of inappropriate scholarship. Rather, I would like to look at it from the other end of this strained intellectual relationship. Much of my research related to Guerreiro Ramos has confirmed the threat that he raised regarding epistemic colonization, unwittingly exercised by a woefully parochial Anglophone scholarly community. The second topic I would like to discuss is a policy area in which Brazilians, especially in my discipline of public administration, might have something to learn from abroad, raised by Guerreiro Ramos himself in his Patologia social do branco brasileiro.

The Greek portable sundial from Memphis rediscovered

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
Sergei J. Maslikov
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
Small Class ◽  
The Past ◽  
Available Information

Experts studying antique astronomic instruments are well aware of a small class of so-called portable sundials from the Roman Empire. Over the past few decades, they have been considered in several important publications, including a recent book by Richard J. A. Talbert, in which he systematized the available information. Talbert and earlier J. V. Field described eight portable sundials of a “geographical” type, dating from about 2nd–4th centuries. Five are inscribed in Greek, the other three in Latin. The list of Greek dials also contains a dial from Memphis, information about which has been very scarce so far. Some authors even considered it lost. Fortunately, this instrument is stored in the collection of the State Hermitage Museum (St. Petersburg) and now we have an opportunity to study it more closely.

Combating corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the efficiency of public governance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lipentsev ◽  
O. Voytyk ◽  
N. Maziy
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Public Governance ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Material Wealth ◽  
The Public ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Wide Range

Problem setting. The system of public administration is a complex set of related elements and entities that interact with each other, so the manifestation of negative corruption minimizes the possibility of achieving positive results in the process of these communications. Special attention should be paid to the functioning of the customs system, which is an important part of the national economy of Ukraine. In this area, corruption abuses are extremely pronounced, given the peculiarities of the customs industry. This problem is acute and urgent, as its existence causes the progression of those negative phenomena that are currently present in the customs system of Ukraine and reduce the effectiveness of public administration in general.Recent research and publications analysis. The issue of corruption in the context of public administration is the subject of research by many scientists: V. Averyanov, O. Antonova, V. Bashtannyk, Y. Bytyak, I. Borodin, A. Vasyliev, I. Golosnichenko, E. Dodin, L. Koval, V. Kolpakov, A. Komzyuk, N. Lypovska, V. Olefir, O. Ostapenko, I. Pakhomov, O. Petrenko, S. Seryogin, I. Khozhylo, V. Shamray, H. Yarmaki etc. Given the wide range of researchers who study the specifics of corruption in the context of public administration, it is worth noting the significant gaps in the assessment of this issue from a sectoral perspective. In particular, it should be noted the great need to study corruption in customs and find ways to minimize this shameful phenomenon in modern conditions.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The need to analyze corruption processes in the customs authorities and substantiate offers for anti-corruption actions in the field of public administration led to the choice of the topic of the article.Paper main body. Corruption in the general sense can be defined as the illegal activity of persons called to perform the functions of the state, in the form of misuse of their powers in order to obtain benefits by increasing their material wealth, obtaining illegal services or benefits.Global trends indicate the presence of corruption in all countries, so this issue is a priority in solving all spheres of life, both developed and developing countries. In particular, public administration of European countries in the political, informational, institutional and legal context is aimed at combating corruption. To this end, there are such institutions common to EU countries as Greco, the Venice Commission, Olaf, Eurojust, Europol and others. At the interstate level, they coordinate and provide information and analytical support for anti-corruption measures, develop common legal standards in the form of community regulations.In the field of public administration, there is a sufficient legal resource on the basis of which it is possible to ensure anti-corruption policy in the state and, in particular, in the customs sphere. However, the customs system is characterized by a wide range of unresolved issues related to corruption abuses. Accordingly, there is a need to develop offers for overcoming and preventing corruption: development and implementation in the practice of customs authorities of methodological recommendations relating to their employees and aimed at resolving conflicts related to corruption; observance by customs officers of relevant ethical norms, which must harmonize with anti-corruption activities; effective application of responsibility to those guilty of corruption and comprehensive implementation of measures aimed at combating corruption; clear identification of those responsible for corruption in areas where there is a high risk of such abuses; regulation of procedures aimed at preventing corruption of customs officers in the performance of their official duties.Anti-corruption in customs authorities in the context of ensuring the effectiveness of public administration should include the implementation of the following measures: development of conceptual foundations of anti-corruption policy in the customs sphere; adopt a Code of Ethics for Customs Officers in accordance with the needs of anti-corruption policy; effective implementation of the principle of equality before the law in the context of reducing corruption; ensuring equal responsibility for corrupt actions not only for individuals but also for legal entities; ensure the absence of immunity from corrupt practices for officials, including senior executives; delimit the powers of bodies engaged in anti-corruption activities; to intensify the public to combat corruption; wide informing of the public about cases of corruption in customs bodies.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. The problem of corruption in public authorities is a long-standing and painful issue in Ukraine. This problem is especially acute in the activities of customs authorities, as their activities are directly related to foreign economic activity, significant flows of goods and flows of financial resources across the customs border of the state. In turn, this is a direct threat to the country’s national security. Given the fact that Ukraine ranks relatively low in global rankings on the existence of corruption abuses, it is necessary to take decisive measures to reduce the manifestations of this phenomenon, in particular, in the customs authorities.

scholarly journals Interaction of solvents with membranal and soluble potassium ion-dependent enzymes

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mayer ◽  
Y. Avi-Dor
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Pyruvate Kinase ◽  
Solvent Effects ◽  
Adenosine Triphosphatase ◽  
The State ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphoxide ◽  
The Other ◽  
Enzyme Structure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Muscle Pyruvate Kinase

The effects of dimethyl sulphoxide and glycerol on ox brain microsomal Na++K+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (EC 3.6.1.3), K+-stimulated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and K+-dependent muscle pyruvate kinase (EC 2.7.1.40) were studied. Dimethyl sulphoxide at concentrations below 20% (v/v) was found to stimulate the p-nitrophenyl phosphatase and pyruvate kinase by increasing their affinity for K+ but to inhibit the Na++K+-stimulated adenosine triphosphatase. The latter enzyme activity was also inhibited by glycerol, which like dimethyl sulphoxide, stimulated the K+-activated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase at a wide range of concentrations. The solvent effects were promptly reversed by dilution. Similarity was found between glycerol and dimethyl sulphoxide, on one hand, and ATP, on the other, in their stimulatory effect and their ability to increase the ouabain- and oligomycin-sensitivity of the K+-stimulated p-nitrophenyl phosphatase. However, only the solvents, not the ATP, increased the binding of K+ by the microsomes. From the above findings it is suggested that solvents may act on K+-dependent enzymes by altering the state of solvation of the activating cation as well as by changing the enzyme structure.

The Fiscal Advisory Functions of United Nations Technical Assistance

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Simon Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
International Assistance ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Wide Range

Economic development involves the whole society of the developing country. The help that foreign countries can give in the process of development is necessarily limited, both in amount and in character. The United Nations has concentrated its aid to developing countries on “technical assistance”—a term that covers a wide range of activities. Along with help and instruction in particular techniques of industry and other such activities, UN technical assistance has also encompassed help and advice in matters of public administration and the execution of public policy in matters affecting development. Public finance is a field of special importance in this connection, both because of its direct importance to the process of development and because its complexity provides the need and opportunity for international assistance. The process of financing is intimately linked with every single activity in the economy and, therefore, the study of these problems affects every phase of economic development. Moreover, in countries which are still at the early stages of development, public finance must necessarily be used to support a nascent private enterprise sector. There is a need for providing social overhead and a necessity for adjusting the revenue system to the requirements of productive investment without eroding the base to an extent which would make it impossible to mobilize the funds needed for economic expansion.

THE ORIENTERS OF DEVELOPMENT OF FORMS OF COMMUNICATIVE INFLUENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ON THE PUBLIC POLICY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Iryna Vіtalіivna Chaplay
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Wide Range

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of forms of communicative influence of civil society on the public policy, provides the main methods and conditions of their use for gaining advantages in solving problems of public-management relations. A wide range of issues related to the peculiarities of public relations organization, taking into account domestic and foreign experience, is covered. The specifics of the use of marketing communications in communicating of public authorities with the public are shown. It is substantiated that in the institutional sense, the greatest interest is the classification, depending on the scope of distribution. The public, when communicating with government, through certain communication tools, is called the external form of communication. The external forms of the communicative influence of civil society on state policy help them convey to the state authorities the necessary information about their thoughts, needs, requests, etc. Of course, such information should be constantly updated and accurate. All non-governmental organizations should maintain friendly relations with state organizations and prevent any misinformation of the latter. At the same time, informatization of public administration contains both positive potential and difficulties and contradictions, neglection which, as practice shows, turns negative result. To date, they are insufficiently developed and require scientific comprehension and substantiation, in particular, the issue of organizational, regulatory and legal support for the implementation and implementation of modern marketing tools and management in public administration. Concerning the prospects for further research on the concept of "the form of communicative influence of civil society on state policy", they consist in streamlining its conceptual apparatus as the basis for improving its system, since incomplete and inaccurate information becomes, as a result, the cause of many problems in the system of reforming public administration .

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