The Fiscal Advisory Functions of United Nations Technical Assistance

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Simon Bloch

Economic development involves the whole society of the developing country. The help that foreign countries can give in the process of development is necessarily limited, both in amount and in character. The United Nations has concentrated its aid to developing countries on “technical assistance”—a term that covers a wide range of activities. Along with help and instruction in particular techniques of industry and other such activities, UN technical assistance has also encompassed help and advice in matters of public administration and the execution of public policy in matters affecting development. Public finance is a field of special importance in this connection, both because of its direct importance to the process of development and because its complexity provides the need and opportunity for international assistance. The process of financing is intimately linked with every single activity in the economy and, therefore, the study of these problems affects every phase of economic development. Moreover, in countries which are still at the early stages of development, public finance must necessarily be used to support a nascent private enterprise sector. There is a need for providing social overhead and a necessity for adjusting the revenue system to the requirements of productive investment without eroding the base to an extent which would make it impossible to mobilize the funds needed for economic expansion.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Armenia Androniceanu ◽  
Irina Georgescu

Abstract The digitalization of public administration is a necessary condition for the economic and social development of each country. In this context, e-government is developing and diversifying its forms of implementation, contributing significantly to the efficiency of public administration, to increasing the degree of transparency and to reducing corruption in public institutions. The aim of the research was to know how the states of the European Union evolved from the point of view of e-government and what influence it had on the economic development of the analyzed states and on the European citizens during the analyzed period. For this we selected ten research variables from several databases: Eurostat, the World Bank and the United Nations E-Government Development Database (UNeGovDD) of the United Nations. The period for which we did the analysis is 2010 – 2019. Using EViews 12 we applied panel Principal Component Analysis to reduce the 10-variable panel into a lower dimension of 3 principal components to find the underlying simplified structure. The three principal components retained explain about 76.5 % of the initial information. The research results show significant differences between the states analyzed, in terms of e-government, but also in terms of the impact it has on government effectiveness, controlling corruption, e-participation of European citizens and the economic development of Member States. In countries with a high level of e-government implementation, governance is efficient, corruption is low, citizen involvement is higher and economic development is faster.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gohar Ghambaryan

The monograph touches upon the theoretical substantiations of economic development, regional economic policy and the interpretation of generalizations of historical experience, as well as the clarification of the possibilities of their practical application in the process of regional development of the Republic of Armenia. The issues of the RA economic development are discussed in the work, solutions are proposed. The monograph is addressed to the public administration workers, students of the departments of socio-economic geography and economics, specialists who make researches related to the economic development issues of the Republic of Armenia, as well as wide range of readers. (in Armenian)


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
S. Rusu ◽  
Ion Partachi

Introduction: The article analyzes the basic principles of an ef­fective public administration in the interests of sustainable develop­ment, lists the legislative acts confirming the commitment to these principles. Also, special attention is paid to the state programs for the implementation of the SDGs in the Republic of Moldova, to the special state bodies that are engaged in the implementation of the SDGs and their goals, as well as to the areas in which the Republic of Moldova cooperates with international organizations in relation to the SDGs. At the end of the article, the authors describe the main problems faced by the Government of the country in implementing the Principles of Effective Public Administration in the Interests of Sustainable Development and achieving the Sus­tainable Development Goals.Methods and materials: The research methodology is based on the following general scientific and special methods of cognition: the method of system-structural analysis, comparative, and formal-logical method.The article analyzes the materials and data provided by the national institutes of the Republic of Moldova, as well as the data and materials of international organizations, including: the United Nations, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, the United Nations Children's Fund, the In­ternational Organization for Migration, the International Labour Organization, etc.Results: As a result of the study, it became clear that the Republic of Moldova is actively working towards the implementation of the principles of effective public administration in the interests of sustainable development of Moldova. Despite the difficulties faced by the Republic of Moldova, the country still managed to achieve significant results in this area. The documents adopted at the state level contributed to achieving the goals and meeting the main requirements for the pace and quality of economic development in the period up to 2030.By 2030, Moldova is expected to become a country where poverty and corruption are eliminated, inequality is reduced, social inclusion and cohesion are strengthened, so that "no one is left behind", a country where human rights, gender equality and women's empowerment, the rule of law, environmental sustainability and the well-being of the population are respected and promoted.Discussion and conclusions. In its ambition to achieve SDGS, the Republic of Moldova is facing a myriad of challenges. Despite the fact that significant progress was registered, there is still a lot of work to do at all levels of public administration. Moreover, it is also essential to enhance the system for SDGs implementation moni­toring and evaluation. This 2030 Agenda requires a profound change that goes beyond the economic and political situation of the country. Moldova will achieve the key in­dicators of sustainable development and become a favourable country for the life of its citizens if only it will promote economic development policies of the country. 


Author(s):  
Iryna Vіtalіivna Chaplay

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of forms of communicative influence of civil society on the public policy, provides the main methods and conditions of their use for gaining advantages in solving problems of public-management relations. A wide range of issues related to the peculiarities of public relations organization, taking into account domestic and foreign experience, is covered. The specifics of the use of marketing communications in communicating of public authorities with the public are shown. It is substantiated that in the institutional sense, the greatest interest is the classification, depending on the scope of distribution. The public, when communicating with government, through certain communication tools, is called the external form of communication. The external forms of the communicative influence of civil society on state policy help them convey to the state authorities the necessary information about their thoughts, needs, requests, etc. Of course, such information should be constantly updated and accurate. All non-governmental organizations should maintain friendly relations with state organizations and prevent any misinformation of the latter. At the same time, informatization of public administration contains both positive potential and difficulties and contradictions, neglection which, as practice shows, turns negative result. To date, they are insufficiently developed and require scientific comprehension and substantiation, in particular, the issue of organizational, regulatory and legal support for the implementation and implementation of modern marketing tools and management in public administration. Concerning the prospects for further research on the concept of "the form of communicative influence of civil society on state policy", they consist in streamlining its conceptual apparatus as the basis for improving its system, since incomplete and inaccurate information becomes, as a result, the cause of many problems in the system of reforming public administration .


Author(s):  
Eduardo Araya Moreno ◽  
Diego Barría Traverso

Various international assessments have drawn attention to the level of development e-government has reached in Chile during the early 2000s. Despite this, even official reports recognize that there is an e-government deficit in opening spaces for citizen participation. These results coincide with several works which have shown the limits the State of Chile put to citizen participation. This chapter analyzes the participation supply that the websites of Chilean ministries offer the citizenry. We describe the existing interactive applications offered by the websites, and the possibilities they make available for citizens to participate in public policy discussions. Our conclusion is that there is a wide range of available information regarding ministerial management but, on the other; the lack of participatory mechanisms is confirmed. These results can be understood if considering that within the Chilean public administration a managerial predisposition exists, which makes open participation spaces subordinated to prevailing managerial logics.


1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Gerald E. Caiden ◽  
Yoshikazu Kitaguchi

From May 31 to June 4,1999 over eight hundred participants from al1 levels of government and nongovernmental organisations attended the World Conference on Governance held in the Philippines. It had been organised by the Eastern Regional Organisation for Public Administration (EROPA), the Philippine Civil Service, and the National College of Public Administration and Governance at the University of the Philippines, in cooperation with numerous international and regional organisations, including the Asian Development Bank, the Canadian International Development Agency, the Economic Development Institute of the World Bank, the United Nations Development Programme and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Its theme was From Government to Governance with emphasis on public finance, capacity building and partnerships. But its major concern was promoting good governance, a topic which has been attracting increasing international attention since the late 1980s and has become a key objective of many technical assistance programmes. The World Conference can be seen as a culmination of these efforts to focus on good governance in institutional development and to prepare an agenda for future action by taking account of current ideas and opinions of all those involved. What follows is a brief overview of some major issues that run through the notion of promoting good governance.


Author(s):  
O. Krasivskyi ◽  
M. Kulynych ◽  
N. Maziy

Problem setting. On the way to the realization of Ukraine’s European integration aspirations, there are many unresolved problems related to the improper implementation of reforms that slow down the processes of economic development and social security of the population. Ukraine needs proper governmental guidelines, capable of promoting proper socio-economic development of society with the help of methods adopted in the civilized world.Recent research and publications analysis. Features of public administration in the field of socio-economic development are the subject of research by many scholars. In particular, it is necessary to mention such scientists as A. Antonenko, D. Babych, V. Bazylevych, V. Besedin, N. Voronina, V. Geiets, Z. Gerasymchuk, B. Danylyshyn, V. Kutsenko, I. Mikhasyuk, V. Myagkyi, Y. Pakhomov, O. Panukhnyk, V. Savchenko, M. Sokolov and others. These researchers study issues related to public administration and the formation of effective public policy in the field of socio-economic development, focus on the need to implement government functions with maximum effect.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. Despite the large number of publications on the peculiarities of economic and social development of the state and public administration of these processes, there is still a need for in-depth scientific research related to the implementation of European integration aspirations of the Ukrainian state. Ukraine’s intention to be a full member of the European Union requires radical transformational changes in the field of socio-economic development and increasing the efficiency of the state’s implementation of its management functions.Paper main body. The fundamental legal framework of Ukraine provides grounds for talking about the close relationship and harmonious combination of social and economic development and determines the overall strategic course of public policy as a whole. Based on this, it is safe to say that the outcome of the functioning of economic entities in the economy of Ukraine directly depends on what are the management actions of public authorities authorized to regulate, coordinate, evaluate and control the actions of these entities and affect the welfare of life population as a whole. Thus, the state performs its functions in all spheres of socio-economic life of the country.Effective economic policy of the state directly affects the social development and well-being of citizens. Increasing the level of welfare, social protection, ensuring equal rights and opportunities for all citizens, the right to property, work and earnings, decent social security, education, health care, etc. are the result of effective management of economic processes in the country. Accordingly, it makes it possible to implement such basic tasks of social policy as improving the quality of life of the population; increasing its employment; providing an opportunity for every citizen to realize his potential to meet his needs for the development of his personality; improving the remuneration of employees in all areas; ensuring the availability of a sufficient number of social infrastructure facilities in the state.Standards of socio-economic development in Ukraine differ from their counterparts in developed European countries. Given the European integration aspirations of the Ukrainian state, it is necessary to ensure continuous and effective transformational transformations that affect this area, and to improve the institutional support of this process, which would correspond to the basic principles, standards and norms of the European Union.At present, it is difficult to talk about the adequacy of public administration actions in the field of socio-economic development of the Ukrainian state, which would meet European standards. Evidence of this is the inefficiency of public finance management, incomplete decentralization transformations, imperfection of regulatory and legal support of processes in the economic and social spheres. Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Socio-economic development of the Ukrainian state has sufficient legal support, but to implement the European integration vector of Ukraine it is necessary to provide a number of tasks: to develop an effective mechanism on the basis of which will systematically and purposefully implement the strategy of socio-economic development; to unify institutional support in the field of development and implementation of strategic plans in the field of socio-economic development; to form new and improve existing approaches to the development of strategic plans for the short, medium and long term at the national and regional levels; to provide a system of monitoring and control over the implementation of those tasks that are set in the implementation of the strategy of socio-economic development; to determine the criteria for analyzing the effectiveness of the implemented measures within the strategy of socio-economic development, which will allow to assess the degree of achievement of the strategic goal. An integrated approach to the implementation of these tasks will allow to take the socio-economic development of Ukraine to a qualitatively new level and to increase the welfare of the population as a whole.


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