The Problem of Climate-Induced Displacement

2020 ◽  
pp. 67-82
Author(s):  
Gunjan Chawla Arora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Community People ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Rising Sea Level

The members of a community owe their identity to the State to which they belong which inculcates a sense of belongingness to their own community, people, and land. The loss of identity to a State due to disruptive climate change is a fear in this century. Excessive utilization and consumption of fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources across the globe have caused unprecedented increase in global temperatures. Sudden incidents of unprecedented floods on Bhola Islands in Bangladesh, or the disappearance of the Kiribati and Lohachara Islands due to rising sea-level have forced communities to flee their own country. This has raised questions about the status of such climate migrants. Media reports have designated them as “climate refugees.” But are they really refugees? The research aims at understanding the nexus between climate change and mass displacement of communities, the status of such migrants and the International legal framework on the status of such migrants.

The Problem of Climate-Induced Displacement

2022 ◽  
pp. 2039-2050
Author(s):  
Gunjan Chawla Arora
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
The Status ◽  
Community People ◽  
Mass Displacement ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
Rising Sea Level

The members of a community owe their identity to the State to which they belong which inculcates a sense of belongingness to their own community, people, and land. The loss of identity to a State due to disruptive climate change is a fear in this century. Excessive utilization and consumption of fossil fuels and non-renewable energy sources across the globe have caused unprecedented increase in global temperatures. Sudden incidents of unprecedented floods on Bhola Islands in Bangladesh, or the disappearance of the Kiribati and Lohachara Islands due to rising sea-level have forced communities to flee their own country. This has raised questions about the status of such climate migrants. Media reports have designated them as “climate refugees.” But are they really refugees? The research aims at understanding the nexus between climate change and mass displacement of communities, the status of such migrants and the International legal framework on the status of such migrants.

Nigeria: Advancing the Cause of Renewable Energy in Nigeria’s Power Sector Through its Legal Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
Olusola Joshua Olujobi ◽  
Temilola Olusola-Olujobi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
Oil Sector

Fossil fuels have been the mainstream of energy supply and a major source of foreign exchange earnings for the Federal Government of Nigeria, in spite of being an unrenewable and unsustainable source of energy. Nigeria is yet to tap into the full benefits after privatising its power sector, including the new global evolution in the energy sector and the resulting increasing demand for renewable energy sources, which some consider to be cheaper and more environmentally friendly than fossil fuels and their allied products. Energy security is a challenge to socio-economic development in Nigeria, due to the country’s over-dependency on fossil fuels. In terms of their impact and the potentials to preserve energy sources for longevity and sustainability, however, fossil fuels will come to be seen as an out-dated alternative in the power sector as the energy industry evolves. The implications for Nigeria’s oil sector will not be limited to dwindling crude oil prices. The concerns include poor energy utilisation in Nigeria and the need to promote energy efficiency and sustainability. They have led to the formulation of new energy policies around the world to serve as a vehicle for translating solutions into reality. This study has adopted a library-based legal research method with a comparative approach. The study reveals that it is the lack of a coherent legal framework with incentives for using renewable energy that is largely seen as the key issue causing slow uptake of renewable energy as an alternative source of energy in Nigeria. As well as the need for a coherent legal framework on energy and incentives for using renewable energy sources, the study advocates stringent enforcement of existing energy regulatory policies.

scholarly journals TENDENCY OF GLOBAL CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE WORLD IN THE LAST TEN YEARS

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isak Karabegović
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
The World

It is well-known that, in the past decades, the burning of fossil fuels was identified as the major cause of climate change. Climate change mitigation is becoming a central concern of global society. Limiting global warming to below 2 °C above the temperature of the pre-industrial period is the key to preserving global ecosystems and providing a secure basis for human activities, as well as reducing excessive environmental change. The ambitions increased at an accelerated pace with a dramatic expansion of net zero-emission targets. Increasing pressure from citizens and society has forced countries to intensify their climate plans, while the private sector has bought a record amount of renewable energy. An energy system based on fossil fuels must be replaced by renewable energy with low carbon emissions with improved energy efficiency. That applies to all consumers of fossil energy: cities, villages, building sectors, industry, transport, agriculture, and forestry. The paper explores and presents the strategy of energy development of renewable energy sources in the world. The application of new technologies that have led to developing renewable energy sources is presented in detail: wind energy, solar energy, small hydropower plants, biomass, and their increase in the total share of energy production, i.e., reduced fossil fuel use in energy production. Investments in new technologies used in renewable energy sources have led to increases in employment worldwide. Analysis of the trend of increased energy production from RES (Renewable Energy Sources) with investment plans, the employment rate for each energy source, and the development of renewable energy sources in the coming period are provided.

Renewable Energy Sources in European Law: an Overview

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 478-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Oschmann
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Member State ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
State Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
European Law ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Legal Provisions

AbstractThis article gives an overview of the European legal framework on renewable energy sources, that is those European legal provisions whose objective is to increase the exploitation of renewable energy sources in the production of electricity, heating and cooling, as well as fuel for transport. Although renewable energy sources are not an explicit matter for primary European law, it is clear, particularly given climate change and increasing dependency on energy imports, that they are gaining increasing importance in secondary European law and at Member State level.

scholarly journals Risks of switching to renewable energy sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
E.S. Romanova ◽  
A.A. Masalkova
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

This research work is devoted to the issue of studying the key risks of switching to renewable energy sources. The relevance of the topic of work is determined by the fact that, according to climatologists [5], climate change, which has a negative impact on the environment, is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2). For this reason, measures to prevent or reduce greenhouse gas emissions are at the heart of the energy transition. International treaties such as the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement lay the foundations for global action to combat climate change and implement a fourth energy transition. The energy transition is characterized by a number of incentives and barriers. Despite the fact that there are many scenarios for the development of the global energy sector by 2050, the expected transformations of the energy market lead to a significant redistribution of the ratio of the shares of hydrocarbon sources and renewable energy sources [16]. The trend towards fossil fuels is on the rise. These transformations in the market are determined not only by the climate agenda, but also by the concept of sustainable economic development.

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Technologies as “Saving Graces” for Pacific Island Nations Fighting Climate Change

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Rena Lovo ◽  
Eric Gilder ◽  
Ora Renagi ◽  
Dapsy Olatona
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Sustainable Renewable Energy ◽  
Pacific Island Nations

Abstract In this study, the authors carried out a detailed analysis of the technologies required for successful implementation of a sustainable renewable energy household power supply in Papua New Guinea or PNG (PNG is a Pacific Island nation, North of Australia) to free the country from fossil fuel dependency. The role of renewable energy sources in the recent PNG National Energy Policy covering 2018 to 2050 (unveiled at the 2018 March Energy Summit in Port Moresby by the PNG Minister of Energy) was also analysed. From the outcome of our recently concluded SERI 2018 Renewable Energy conference, we assembled into a single hypothetical ‘energy basket’ all the varied renewable ‘green’ energy sources within PNG (as estimated by our energy research groups). This paper estimates that there is sufficient renewable energy in PNG and advocates that these available green energy sources should be tapped, for they can go a long way in the quest for climate change mitigation. This research paper will articulate that shifting PNG’s and other Pacific Island nations’ energy reliance from fossil fuels and other non-renewable sources to renewable green and environmentally sustainable sources is not only achievable, but feasible within a reasonable time.

scholarly journals Hydropower and Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hemlal Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Hydropower Project ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Strategic Measures

Renewable energy sources are gaining momentum in power sector mainly to address the impacts of climate change as well as the risks associated with usage of fossil fuels or nuclear energy sources. Hydropower is one of the most promising renewable energy source-based power plant that hold significant shares globally. But there are series of risks associated with hydropower project when we talk about sustainability and needs are felt to critically understand the pertaining risks as well as protocols or measures to quantify the risks. Such measure will prove to be crucial in underlining the strategic measures from planning, construction and operation phases of hydropower keeping on account of its sustainability.

scholarly journals Nuclear energy in the context of climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Vasile Popa ◽  
Octavian Cocoș
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Prospects

Human society faces the great challenge of drastically reducing greenhouse gas emissions while providing increased amounts of energy. Although the share of renewable energy sources has increased in recent years, fossil fuels are still widely used and burning them makes large amounts of carbon dioxide enter the atmosphere. However, renewable energy sources may not be able to supply in time enough energy to replace fossil fuels. Under the circumstances, the question arises as to whether nuclear energy could play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Although there is still confidence and support for nuclear energy, it is unlikely that this energy source will make a greater contribution to combating climate change in the coming decades. This study analyzes the current state of nuclear energy, as well as the development prospects in the context of climate change and risks to the environment and human health.

scholarly journals Metal Fuels as Alternative Sources of Energy for Zero Carbon Emission

2021 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
T Liu ◽  
A Panahi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Economic Costs

Abstract Global climate change is a pressing challenge of the 21st century that has gained attention of scientists and governments. It has been proven that climate change is largely associated with human activities such as burning fossil fuels to produce electricity, which emits excessive amounts of carbon dioxide and greenhouse gasses. To combat this concern, carbon free alternative energy sources have been proposed. Current renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power are expensive and limited. However, metal fuels could prove to be one of the solutions for those limitations. Since fossil fuels are the most common source of energy production, to be viable on a global scale, any new form of carbon-free energy must be economically competitive with fossil fuels. This work will determine the theoretical economic costs of several different metals which have comparable energy densities with fossil fuels. Furthermore, this work will evaluate the viability of these metals on a global scale based on their economic costs compared to fossil fuels including natural gas, petroleum, and coal. Additionally, further economic comparisons will be conducted with other forms of renewable energies, such as solar power, wind power, and hydropower.

scholarly journals Production of Bioethanol from Waste Potato

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Duruyurek ◽  
Cihan Dusgun ◽  
Mehmet Fuat Gulhan ◽  
Zeliha Selamoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Potato Producer

Using primary energy sources in World as fossil fuels, causes air pollution and climate change. Because of these reasons, people looking for renewable energy suppliers which has less carbondioxide and less pollution. Carbon in biofuels is producing from photosynthesis. For this, burning biofuels don’t increase carbondioxide in atmosphere. Scientists predict that plants with high carbonhydrate and protein contents are 21. centuries biofuels. Potatoes are producing over 280 million in whole world and Turkey is 6th potato producer. Turkey produces 5250000 tonne of potatoes. Approximately 20% of potatoes are waste in Niğde. Our study aimed to produce bioethanol from Solanum tuberosum by using the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As a result renewable energy sources can be produced from natural wastes.

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