Sustainable Environmental Service - Knowledge Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 709-729
Author(s):  
Pitchayanin Sukholthaman ◽  
Kunio Shirahada

Knowledge management (KM) is a key factor to increase effectiveness of management system. There have been researches of KM on many environmental services. Unfortunately, only a few researches have focused on sustainable service for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There are evidences of ineffective waste management causing socio-economic and environmental problems, especially in urban areas of developing countries. Humans live in service economy and knowledge society. Waste management is one of the most important public services that all residents should receive while knowledge is needed to make service run smoothly and sustainably. This paper combines concepts of sustainable service and KM to clarify the importance and how these concepts have impacts on societal well-being. Literature reviews and questionnaire surveys are main analysis methods of this paper. Sustainable service with KM roles will be described and co-created values are identified.

2020 ◽  
pp. 897-917
Author(s):  
Pitchayanin Sukholthaman ◽  
Kunio Shirahada

Knowledge management (KM) is a key factor to increase effectiveness of management system. There have been researches of KM on many environmental services. Unfortunately, only a few researches have focused on sustainable service for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There are evidences of ineffective waste management causing socio-economic and environmental problems, especially in urban areas of developing countries. Humans live in service economy and knowledge society. Waste management is one of the most important public services that all residents should receive while knowledge is needed to make service run smoothly and sustainably. This paper combines concepts of sustainable service and KM to clarify the importance and how these concepts have impacts on societal well-being. Literature reviews and questionnaire surveys are main analysis methods of this paper. Sustainable service with KM roles will be described and co-created values are identified.


2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 50-69
Author(s):  
Pitchayanin Sukholthaman ◽  
Kunio Shirahada

Knowledge management (KM) is a key factor to increase effectiveness of management system. There have been researches of KM on many environmental services. Unfortunately, only a few researches have focused on sustainable service for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). There are evidences of ineffective waste management causing socio-economic and environmental problems, especially in urban areas of developing countries. Humans live in service economy and knowledge society. Waste management is one of the most important public services that all residents should receive while knowledge is needed to make service run smoothly and sustainably. This paper combines concepts of sustainable service and KM to clarify the importance and how these concepts have impacts on societal well-being. Literature reviews and questionnaire surveys are main analysis methods of this paper. Sustainable service with KM roles will be described and co-created values are identified.


2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cheng ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
H.-P. Mang ◽  
X. Liu ◽  
F. Yin

Population densities in cities of developing countries are much higher than in other parts of the world, and the predominance of poverty in urban slums is ubiquitous throughout the region. In many urban areas, the lack of wastewater and waste management continues to be a huge challenge for environment and health protection. Decentralized approaches are proposed to provide practical, alternative options for sustainable urban wastewater and waste management in urban conditions. Conventionally, on-site constructed brick/concrete biogas reactors are the most used models. However, long construction periods, quality issues and leakage of biogas are often the disadvantages of construction design. In contrast to these systems, prefabricated biogas reactors can be produced off-site from different kinds of material. In this paper, prefabricated biogas reactor and treatment systems will be discussed, which could be applied in different developing countries. Meanwhile, some existing cases in China, Indonesia and South Africa are presented to show clear scenarios.


Author(s):  
José Adalberto da Silva Filho ◽  
Sayonara Costa de Araújo ◽  
Virgínia de Fátima Bezerra Nogueira

<p>The water supply is a key factor for the development of the population in a region. The mapping areas that are not supplied with drinking water is an important mechanism, once the vulnerable locations are identified, which leads to establish policies and programs to mitigate the problem. Thus, this paper aims at examining areas that present vulnerability in access to water in the municipality of Cajazeiras, Paraíba State, Brazil. In order to carry this research out, data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were analyzed. The results indicate a disproportion in access to water between rural and urban areas, with the first being very vulnerable to contamination factors. It is necessary environmental education programs for sustainable water use, the development of technologies to ensure good quality water and the well being of the people, by the high risk of water-related diseases caused by the contamination that may occur in capture, transport and storage of water.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Diagnóstico do abastecimento de água no município de Cajazeiras – PB, Brasil</em></strong></p><p><strong>Resumo</strong><strong>: </strong>O abastecimento de água é um fator determinante para o desenvolvimento da população em uma região. O mapeamento de zonas que não são abastecidos com água potável é um mecanismo importante, uma vez que são identificadas as localidades que apresentam vulnerabilidade, sendo assim possível estabelecer políticas e programas que amenizem a problemática. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as zonas que apresentam vulnerabilidade no acesso à água no município de Cajazeiras - PB, por meio de dados obtidos junto ao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Os resultados indicam uma desproporcionalidade no acesso à água entre as zonas rurais e urbanas, sendo a primeira muito vulnerável a fatores de contaminação. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário programas de educação ambiental para o uso sustentável da água, como também o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que garantam a segurança hídrica e o bem-estar das populações que residem nessas áreas, tendo em vista o alto risco de ocorrência de surtos de doenças de veiculação hídrica devido a contaminação que pode ocorrer na captação, transporte e armazenamento. </p>


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
István Hoffman ◽  
János Fazekas ◽  
András Bencsik ◽  
Bálint Imre Bodó ◽  
Kata Budai ◽  
...  

<p>The Porto Metropolitan Area (Área Metropolitana do Porto, AMP) is a framework of cooperation between 17 municipalities and several districts. This metropolitan area has a specific, inter-municipal model of urban governance. In our research, we found that cooperation is significant mainly in sectors where the central legislature has essentially made this mandatory, by designing the AMP and defining its powers. In addition to AMP, only partial cooperation has been established in the field of waste management, and in the field of human public services and in the performance of public authority, there is essentially a set of autonomous organisational solutions. However, despite all this fragmentation, the above system ensures the satisfactory functioning of the metropolitan agglomeration. This also underlines the importance of transport management in urban areas, since this functioning system is based on an integrated and intermodal transport system</p>


Author(s):  
Francisco Sergio Campos-Sánchez ◽  
Francisco Javier Abarca-Álvarez ◽  
Javier Molina-García ◽  
Palma Chillón

In the current call for a greater human health and well-being as a sustainable development goal, to encourage active commuting to and from school (ACS) seems to be a key factor. Research focusing on the analysis of the association between environmental factors and ACS in children and adolescents has reported limited and inconclusive evidence, so more knowledge is needed about it. The main aim of this study is to examine the association between different built environmental factors of both school neighbourhood and home-school route with ACS of children and adolescents belonging to urban areas. The ACS level was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Built environment variables (i.e., density of residents, street connectivity and mixed land use) within a school catchment area and home-school route characteristics (i.e., distance and pedestrian route directness—PRD) were measured using a geographic information system (GIS) and examined together with ACS levels. Subsequently, the association between environmental factors and ACS was analysed by binary logistic regression. Several cut-off points of the route measures were explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. In addition, the PRD was further studied regarding different thresholds. The results showed that 70.5% of the participants were active and there were significant associations between most environmental factors and ACS. Most participants walked to school when routes were short (distance variable in children: OR = 0.980; p = 0.038; and adolescents: OR = 0.866; p < 0.001) and partially direct (PRD variable in children: OR = 11.334; p < 0.001; and adolescents: OR = 3.513; p < 0.001), the latter specially for children. Mixed land uses (OR = 2.037; p < 0.001) and a high density of street intersections (OR = 1.640; p < 0.001) clearly encouraged adolescents walking and slightly discouraged children walking (OR = 0.657, p = 0.010; and OR = 0.692, p = 0.025, respectively). The assessment of ACS together with the environmental factors using GIS separately for children and adolescents can inform future friendly and sustainable communities.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 07-19
Author(s):  
Paulo Henrique Levecke ◽  
Alexandre Carvalho Acosta

O conhecimento constitui-se, hodiernamente, como um fator de sucesso para as organizações. Na sociedade do conhecimento e da informação, o conhecimento se transforma no fator-chave da economia e o principal determinante da mudança ocupacional. Os trabalhadores necessitam se adaptar as novas exigências em termos de educação e, por serem o capital humano da organização, também adquirem relevância uma vez que são responsáveis por todo o capital intelectual que a organização possui, ademais de produzirem, compartilharem e transformarem o conhecimento em ação e resultados. Nesse contexto, a Gestão do Conhecimento se configura importante metodologia à disposição das organizações que contribui para criar, compartilhar e disseminar o conhecimento no intento de auxiliar a organização adversar da melhor forma possível às forças que o ambiente exerce sobre a organização. Em virtude da importância do conhecimento, a Gestão do Conhecimento tem adquirido espaço em meio à educação superior enquanto disciplina. O modelo de Gestão do Conhecimento deve ser interdisciplinar e reflexivo. Na Sociedade do Conhecimento, relação entre organização e colaborador não se deve configurar de forma unidirecional, mas sim permitir a participação e instaurar cultura corporativa estimuladora da criatividade e da inovação tecnológica.Palavras-Chave: Sociedade do Conhecimento. Gestão do conhecimento. Perfil profissional. The Economic Factor in the Knowledge Society PresentAbstract: The knowledge is constituted, in our times, as a success factor for organizations. In the knowledge society and information, knowledge becomes the key factor in the economy and the main determinant of occupational change. Workers need to adapt to new requirements in terms of education and because they are the organization's human capital, also become rele-vant since they are responsible for all the intellectual capital that the organization has, in addi-tion to produce, share and transform knowledge into action and results. In this context, Knowledge Management is important to set methodology to the organizations helping to cre-ate, share and disseminate knowledge in an attempt to help the organization as well as possi-ble adverse forces that the environment exerts on the organization. Given the importance of knowledge, Knowledge Management has acquired space in the midst of higher education as a discipline. The model of Knowledge Management should be interdisciplinary and reflective. In the Knowledge Society, the relationship between organization and employee must not be set in a unidirectional way, but to enable the participation and introduce corporate culture that stimulates creativity and innovation.Keywords: Society and Knowledge Management. Professional profile.


2010 ◽  
pp. 191-210
Author(s):  
Stephen M. Mutula

There are a growing number of studies on knowledge management (KM) in SMEs for various reasons. One has been the growing realisation that SMEs are in a unique situation because their most significant assets are intangibles comprised mainly of knowledge. SMEs constitute the largest number of enterprises in the economies of both developed and developing countries, as already discussed in preceding chapters. In Germany, for example, 97.9% of all companies fall within the scope of SMEs and provide approximately 36% of all industrial investments (Wimmer and Wolter, 2000). Likewise in Australia, SMEs account for 97% of all private sector businesses and produce 30% of the nation’s output (Australian Bureau of Statistics- ABS, 2001). Handzic (2006) stresses that organizations that manage knowledge better will deal more successfully and effectively with the challenges of the new business environment. KM is therefore perceived to be a key factor in realizing and sustaining organizational success for improved efficiency and innovation.


2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2434
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Colavitti ◽  
Alessio Floris ◽  
Sergio Serra

Human well-being is determined by multiple factors related to health, social relations, safety, environment, landscape, cultural heritage, and quality of services. The Italian planning system provided a set of “urban standards”, in terms of threshold values of areas per inhabitant destined for public services and facilities. The application of urban standards, for a period of more than fifty years, did not result in a broad improvement of life quality in the urban areas. This paper discusses the issue of urban facilities in Italy in order to evaluate the opportunity to innovate traditional standards according to the environmental and ecological paradigm, focusing on the benefits provided to humans by natural ecosystems, the so-called ecosystem services (ESs). The paper investigates the evolution of the Italian planning practice through the introduction of quality standards and innovative tools able to meet the ever-changing social demand. The research aims to verify if the ES concept is really implemented in the Italian planning practice and if the ecosystem approach has a real impact on political decision-making. Using a comparative method, four case-studies of urban municipal plans are selected and analyzed in order to identify different approaches and possible fields of innovation. The research highlighted a lack of integration of ecosystem services approach in the land use decisions, although there is an in-depth survey on the state of conservation of ecological and environmental resources. The local experiments of qualitative standards represent an attempt to deal with specific ecological emergencies, namely flood risk, air, water, and soil pollution, and loss of biodiversity. Conclusions discuss, from an international perspective, the need to revise the traditional planning approach in the field of public services and facilities, taking into account the influence of ecosystem services on human well-being.


2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Kwasi Nartey ◽  
Patrick Nyarko

World Bank report revealed that waste generation has been on the ascendancy, the worlds’ cities generated 2.01 billion tons of solid waste in the year 2016. This figure is expected to reach 3.40 billion tons per year by 2050 due to increasing urbanization – a growth of 70%. Proper management of these has become a challenge for most developing countries in recent years. The path of urbanization, population growth and affluence is associated with the challenge of proper waste management in urban areas of developing countries since the higher the income level and rate of urbanization, the greater the solid waste generated. Unfortunately, sub-Saharan African countries like Ghana only focuses on waste collection instead of waste management. Waste management comprises all activities and actions needed to manage waste from inception to the final disposal. These activities and actions include collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste as well as monitoring and regulation. Also, Sanitary landfilling is among the best methods of decreasing the volume of waste products; however, the lack of suitable land for landfill sites is a key issue. Therefore, the lifespan of a landfill site can be prolonged when waste reduction at the source is well considered as an aspect of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management. Solid waste management in Ghana has been faced with several challenges which includes; poor attitude of the general populace towards waste disposal sanitation, unplanned human settlement especially in the urban centers, poor planning of waste management programmes, low or no public education on the good sanitation, inadequate waste infrastructure, lack of political will in enforcing sanitation bye laws, inadequate operational funds and equipment to support waste management activities among others. Also, there is lack of reliable national data on waste generation and composition to inform effective planning on waste management in Ghana Developing countries such as Ghana has to adopt measures that will be sustainable, efficient, cost effective and environmentally friendly to help in proper waste management and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal 3, 6, and 11 by 2030.


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