Impact of Industry 4.0

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-102
Author(s):  
Paramita Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Cognitive Diversity ◽  
Research Findings

Recent research findings indicate the need to transform the way human capital is utilized, given the technological disruption in the current business environment. This chapter aims to discuss the fundamental prerequisites necessary to bring this change, for instance, higher order critical thinking, complex problem solving, focusing on fluid intelligence, and adaptability, among others. The author also provides insights into how these changes can be successfully incorporated through cognitive diversity, hybrid competencies, and understanding millennia's changing values and integrate them in the learning process.

scholarly journals Do social identity and cognitive diversity correlate in environmental stakeholders? A novel approach to measuring cognitive distance within and between groups

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0244907
Author(s):  
Payam Aminpour ◽  
Heike Schwermer ◽  
Steven Gray
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Common Pool Resources ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Diversity ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Novel Approach

Groups with higher cognitive diversity, i.e. variations in how people think and solve problems, are thought to contribute to improved performance in complex problem-solving. However, embracing or even engineering adequate cognitive diversity is not straightforward and may even jeopardize social inclusion. In response, those that want to promote cognitive diversity might make a simplified assumption that there exists a link between identity diversity, i.e. range of social characteristics, and variations in how people perceive and solve problems. If this assumption holds true, incorporating diverse identities may concurrently achieve cognitive diversity to the extent essential for complex problem-solving, while social inclusion is explicitly acknowledged. However, currently there is a lack of empirical evidence to support this hypothesis in the context of complex social-ecological systems—a system wherein human and environmental dimensions are interdependent, where common-pool resources are used or managed by multiple types of stakeholders. Using a fisheries example, we examine the relationship between resource stakeholders’ identities and their cognitive diversity. We used cognitive mapping techniques in conjunction with network analysis to measure cognitive distances within and between stakeholders of various social types (i.e., identities). Our results empirically show that groups with higher identity diversity also demonstrate more cognitive diversity, evidenced by disparate characteristics of their cognitive maps that represent their understanding of fishery dynamics. These findings have important implications for sustainable management of common-pool resources, where the inclusion of diverse stakeholders is routine, while our study shows it may also achieve higher cognitive coverage that can potentially lead to more complete, accurate, and innovative understanding of complex resource dynamics.

The Study of Creativity and Intelligence in Theory and Practice

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenny L. Hicks ◽  
Randall W Engle
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Divergent Thinking ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

Despite decades of scholarship devoted to its importance, the cognitive drivers of creative behaviors and products remain poorly understood. Although previous research has proposed a relationship between the convergent processes of creativity and higher order cognition, studies investigating the relationship between divergent thinking and fluid intelligence have revealed little to no relationship between the two. In this article, we review the noteworthy scholars and debates in the field of creativity and the various methodological approaches used to define the construct. We propose that previous failures to find a relationship between intelligence and creativity are due, in part, to researchers’ emphasis on the differences between the two constructs instead of focusing on their commonality. In this study, we view the creativity construct through the lens of problem-solving across spatial and verbal domains. Using a simple scoring procedure that rates verbal and spatial creative responses, we show some of the most robust relationships between measures of creativity and intelligence to date. Further, our results demonstrate that creativity, verbal fluency, and fluid intelligence share many of the same cognitive processes.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence Based Strategic Human Resource Management (AISHRM) For Industry 4.0

2020 ◽  
pp. 7-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
K R Samarasinghe ◽  
Dr. Ajith Medis
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Strategic Human Resource Management ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Industry 4.0, known as industry revolution 4.0, is going to be a business environment in which the labor market will get replaced by machines that can think like humans. Value chains of companies will get interconnected with data. Robots with artificial intelligence will be performing operations that were previously done by humans. Further, those will achieve more accuracy and efficiency in such activities. With this revolution, companies require to focus more on strategic human resource management, as human capital is going to be a much more valuable asset in industry 4.0 where organizations will be able to create sustainable competitive advantage through human capital. Artificial intelligence (AI) is going to be the fuel in industry 4.0. AI based machines will represent the majority of the labor force. This paper is to introduce AISHRM conceptual model which stands for the use of “Artificial Intelligence based Strategic Human Resource Management for industry 4.0”. This conceptual model developed based on the strategic human resource management theory of “resource-based view of a firm” or “resource advantage theory”.

Affordance Based Framework of Human Problem Solving: a Nonrepresentational Alternative

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-217
Author(s):  
Pankaj Singh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
Analogical Problem ◽  
Analysis Models ◽  
Human Problem ◽  
Research Analysis

Problem solving is a crucial higher-order thinking ability of humans. Humans' ability to solve problems is a critical higher-order thinking ability. Mathematical problem solving, analogical problem solving, complex problem solving, situated problem solving, and so on are all examples of problem solving. Furthermore, distinct types of research analysis, models, and theories are based on the mechanisms and elements involved in diverse problem-solving types. The conventional approach to understanding human problem solving is a representation-laden description, which is similar to most cognitive explanations of psychological processes. On the other hand, the paper goes beyond representational theories and models to investigate nonrepresentational and situated aspects of human problem solving. Problem solving is a crucial higher-order thinking ability of humans. The paper is a rudimentary attempt to present a nonrepresentational, Affordance-Situation-Attunement (ASA) framework of human problem solving. The aim is to invoke ASA as an alternative framework, in contrast with the dominant representational explanation of human problem solving. The aim is not to disparage the representational theories and models of problem solving but to contribute a nonrepresentational working framework and elements for highlighting the situated nature of human problem solving. Keywords: Problem solving, affordances, embodied cognition, situated cognition, ecological psychology

Learning and teaching through talk: music composing in the classroom with children aged six to seven years

2010 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela E. Major ◽  
Michelle Cottle
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Teacher Questioning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Discourse Skills ◽  
Children’S Thinking

We know that pupil talk is an integral part of the learning process. Previous research has not viewed affective engagement in a music composing task as a vehicle for developing higher order discourse skills. The aim of this study is to evaluate the significance of teacher questioning in encouraging quality dialogue with children during music composing. This paper reports on an empirical study investigating dialogue with young children during an imaginative music composing task. Pairs of children aged 6 and 7 years were audio recorded as they talked to each other and the researcher about the task. The dialogues between the researcher and the pupils highlight the importance of teacher questioning in encouraging young children to engage in evaluative talk and problem solving, through discussion and musical experimentation. Significantly, the findings suggest that young children are able to reflect on the learning process through meta-cognitive thinking. The findings highlight the significance of the role of the teacher in scaffolding and encouraging children's thinking and learning through dialogue, and the importance of talk and evaluation as a part of reflective music composing activities.

scholarly journals Tinjauan Deskriptif Penerapan Higher Order Thinking dan Problem-Based Learning Pada Mata Kuliah Geometri Berdasarkan Kemampuan Matematika Mahasiswa

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-156
Author(s):  
Andri Anugrahana
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Bloom's Taxonomy ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Bloom’S Taxonomy ◽  
High Level

Teaching and learning process in the classroom tends to use the process of memorizing and using the concept in Bloom's taxonomy. This study developed questions that invites students to perform high-level skill process of analyzing, evaluating, and creating, according to Bloom's taxonomy, which are the indicators of HOT (Higher Order Thinking). The HOT process is derived from students experience in learning and the knowledge of each student. This qualitative descriptive research aims to obtain a description of the HOT problem-solving process in the geometry course. Subjects in this study were 50 prospective elementary school teachers. The learning process begins with the students getting the problems given by the teacher, then discussing it in groups, and providing opportunities for students to express opinions or thoughts orally. The data collection was the results of the student's thinking process, problem-solving skills test, and interviews. The data analysis was done by doing data reduction, data presentation, also drawing conclusion and verification. The result showed that students experiencing high level skill process of analyzing, evaluating and creating. In the process of analyzing, the students proved the formula of the area of two-dimensional figures. In evaluating the stages, the students in the group conducted the examination, made guesses, did the experiment, and tested the allegations of what has been done. Furthermore, students were able to create and find various answers in the form of two-dimensional figures.

scholarly journals Analysis of Fifth Graders’ Higher Order Thinking Skills in Studying Human and Animal Respiratory Organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34
Author(s):  
Ika Maryani ◽  
Rifky Hanifah ◽  
Siwi Purwanti ◽  
Rafael Onate
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Fifth Graders ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Higher Order Thinking Skills ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Research Findings

Background: Higher order thinking skills (HOTS) are crucial for students to face the 21st century development. This study aimed to determine higher order thinking skills of the fifth graders at Muhammadiyah elementary school in Demangan and Baitussalam II Islamic elementary school in solving questions on human and animal respiratory organs.Method: A descriptive quantitative approach was employed. It included survey and ex-post factor designs. The research data were collected using tests.Result: The participants of the study achieved medium scores on three categories of HOTS. Thirty nine percent of Ibnu Thufail fifth graders achieved a medium score on judgement and critical thinking, 48% of Ibnu Rusdy fifth graders obtained a medium score on similar category, and 42% of the Muhammadiyah fifth graders got low scores on judgement and critical thinking. Meanwhile in problem-solving, 43% students were in medium category, 39% in low category, and 32% in medium category. Forty eight percent of the students obtained medium scores and 52% achieved poor scores.Implications: The research findings imply that students’ HOTS in natural science need to be improved. Novelty: The present study revealed students’ HOTS based on judgment and critical thinking, problem solving, logic and reasoning skills.

scholarly journals SISTEM PENJADWALAN MATA PELAJARAN MENGGUNAKAN ALGORITMA GENETIKA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Yesri Elva
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Complex Problem Solving ◽  
Algorithm Optimization ◽  
Fitness Value

Abstract - Schedule is one important factor to support the learning process, one of which at SMKN 3 Pariaman. In SMKN 3 Pariaman scheduling process is still done manually, consequently there are conflicting schedules and timing of learning becomes too late. One of completion method to the problem is to use a genetic algorithm, because it is one of the Genetic Algorithm optimization algorithm that is robust and can be used on a wide variety of case studies such as scheduling. This algorithm is also often used to find the optimal solution both in the case of simple to complex problem-solving technique that determines the start and initialization pupulasi chromosomes, determine the value of fitness, selection, crossover, mutation. Mutations done to produce the best fitness value which can be used to determine the final outcome scheduling. If the best fitness values have been obtained, the process is stopped and reach the finish condition.Keywords - Genetic Algorithms, Scheduling Abstrak - Jadwal merupakan salah satu faktor penting untuk penunjang proses belajar mengajar, salah satunya pada SMKN 3 Pariaman. Pada SMKN 3 Pariaman proses penyusunan jadwal masih dilakukan secara manual, akibatnya masih terdapat jadwal yang bentrok dan waktu pelaksanaan belajar mengajar menjadi terlambat. Salah satu metode untuk penyelesain masalah tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan algoritma genetika, karena Algoritma Genetika merupakan salah satu algoritma optimasi yang kuat dan bisa digunakan pada berbagai macam studi kasus seperti penjadwalan. Algoritma ini juga sering digunakan untuk mencari solusi optimal baik pada kasus yang sederhana sampai yang rumit teknik pemecahan masalahnya yaitu menentukan pupulasi awal dan inisialisasi kromosom, menentukan nilai fitness, seleksi crossover, mutasi. Mutasi dilakukan sampai menghasilkan nilai fitness terbaik yang dapat digunakan untuk penentuan hasil akhir penyusunan jadwal. Jika nilai fitness terbaik sudah didapatkan maka proses dihentikan dan mencapai kondisi selesai.Kata kunci  - Algoritma Genetika, Penjadwalan

scholarly journals Pembelajaran PPKn Berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Melalui Problem Based Learning Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
NI Komang Ratnawati
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Model Problem ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Higher Order Thinking Skills

Kondisi kualitas pendidikan kita saat ini secara nasional nampaknya masih cukup memprihatinkan, belum sesuai dengan harapan. tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk menjelaskan pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) melalui model Problem Based Learning. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif. Pendekatan penelitian menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif menjelaskan hasil kegiatan Best Practice PKP 2019. Sasaran penelitian 30 orang, instrument penelitian yakni observasi, angket dan dokumentasi. Analisis data menggunakan analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pembelajaran PPKn berorientasi Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)  melalui Model Problem Based Learning Peserta Didik Kelas VIII D SMP Negeri 17 Mataram, menyebabkan: 1) peserta didik menjadi lebih aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, terutama dalam bertanya, menjawab maupun mengemukakan pendapat, sehingga meskipun belum maksimal, namun sudah dapat untuk melatih peserta didik dalam memiliki ketrampilan berfikir kritis. 2) meningkatnya kemampuan peserta didik dalam melakukan transfer knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem solving. 3) peserta didik menjadi lebih bersemangat dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran, karena bagi mereka ada keleluasaan untuk berkreasi dan berinovasi. 4) peserta didik dapat lebih fokus dalam mengikuti pembelajaran, karena proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih menarik, menyenangkan, dan tidak monoton, sehingga tidak membosankan.The quality condition of our education today nationally seems still quite a concern, not yet following expectations. The purpose of this study to explain the study of the Income-oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through the model of Problem Based Learning. This research uses qualitative research. The research approach uses a descriptive approach explaining the results of activities PKP 2019 Best Practice. Research objectives of 30 people, research instruments are observations, polls, and documentation. Analyze data using interactive analysis. The results showed that the study was oriented Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) through Model Problem Based Learning Learners class VIII D SMP State 17 Mataram, Cause: 1) Learners become more active in the learning process, Especially in asking, answering or expressing opinions, so that despite not being maximal, but already able to train learners in having critical thinking skills. 2) The increasing ability of learners in the transfer of knowledge, critical thinking, creativity, problem-solving. 3) Learners become more excited in following the learning process, because they have the freedom to create and innovate. 4) Learners can focus more on following learning, because the learning process becomes more interesting, fun, and not monotonous, so it is not boring. 

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