Long-Term Preservation for Access of Audio-Visual Archives at Botswana National Archives (BNARS)

2021 ◽  
pp. 92-109
Author(s):  
Julie Moloi
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Collection Methods

This chapter discusses the long-term preservation and access to audio-visual (AV) archives at the Botswana National Archives and Records Services (BNARS). The principal guidance to the study was attributed to international preservation guidelines, standards, and best practices. The study adopted a qualitative approach, along with the employment of these data collection methods: interviews, observation, and document review. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the target population, which included the deputy director, senior archivist, and the archives officer. Data was subjected to thematic analysis in line with the set objectives. The key research findings of the study indicated that there were no long-term preservation strategy for AV archives at BNARS, there was absence of archival access and no acquisition policies in place, various types of AV materials were all stored under the same roof and under the same climatic conditions. Furthermore, some AV archives were not processed thus making it hard to identify, retrieve, and make them accessible for use. Additionally, the research reflected that there was lack of requisite special technical skills needed for long-term preservation of AV archives. Finally, the study revealed that there was no specific budget for the long-term preservation of AV archives at BNARS. In conclusion, therefore, the study recommends that, BNARS develop a holistic AV preservation strategy to ensure the long-term availability and accessibility of AV archives for future use.

The inevitability of digital transfer

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lale Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Major Change ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transfer Rule ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Public Bodies

Purpose This paper aims to assess how prepared public bodies are for the transfer of born-digital records to the National Archives (TNA) of the UK in line with the reduction in the transfer rule from 30 to 20 years. Design/methodology/approach The change in the transfer rule means that records of UK public bodies will be transferred to TNA for permanent preservation at 20 years as opposed to 30 years old. This move, which has been described as a major change that is going to be introduced in a manageable and affordable way (20-year rule, The National Archives), will inevitably witness the transfer of born-digital records to the archives much earlier than would have been the case if the change in the transfer rule had not been made. This paper reports on research carried out in the winter of 2017 on the extent to which UK public bodies are prepared for the transfer of born-digital records to TNA. Research was based on a survey of 23 public bodies which included ministries, charities and non-departmental public bodies. The target population was predominantly public bodies that had the highest level of transfer of records to TNA. The justification for this lies in the fact that these bodies, amongst others, transfer the most records to TNA, thus it would be interesting to gain an insight into how prepared these relatively larger public bodies are with regard to born-digital transfer. The remaining public bodies were chosen randomly amongst non-ministerial departments. The primary areas under analysis are plans of public bodies for the transfer of born-digital records, processes for transfer to be undertaken such as selection, appraisal etc., the use of technology in sensitivity review and the trigger date for the transfer of records. Findings An analysis of the research findings found that while a few UK public bodies surveyed had transferred datasets within the framework of the TNA Government Datasets (NDAD) initiative or as part of an inquiry, only one public body had transferred other born-digital records to TNA. The findings also reveal that most public bodies are yet to plan for, or to adjust, their current archival processes to take into account the different mind-set and skills required for the transfer of born-digital records. The level of preparedness is therefore limited primarily because public bodies have yet to undertake a transfer of born-digital records to the archives. The research findings also revealed that public bodies had not as yet made adjustments or changes to current practice to take into account the issues relating to the processing of born-digital records prior to transfer. Research limitations/implications The findings of the research at hand are based on a survey submitted electronically to twenty-three public bodies with the aim of assessing how prepared they are for the transfer of born-digital records to the National Archives (TNA). The survey was sent to 27 public bodies with responses received by 23 public bodies. The survey sent to these bodies comprises eight questions that were deemed to be important in the current digital landscape with regard to the processes involved in the transfer of records, beginning from their creation. Thus, an element of subjectivity exists with regard to the outcome of the research, as the public bodies chosen were guided in prioritising any issues about digital transfer through the questions posed. The research carried out is also limited in that it focuses primarily on ministerial departments (14 of the 23 surveyed) and also constitutes a very small sample of UK public bodies overall. However, the originality of the data obtained through the study carried out by far outweighs the limitations of the research methodology. Originality/value This paper highlights that the transfer of born-digital records through original research amongst the 23 public bodies surveyed is not widespread, and that processes and procedures specifically for the management of processes for born-digital records are yet to be implemented. The study concludes that long-term planning for the transfer of born-digital records is yet to be undertaken and that public bodies are more likely to deal with the issue when their digital records are closer to reaching the point of transfer.

scholarly journals Determinants of Growth of Microcredit Sector in Kyrgyzstan

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turusbek Asanov ◽  
Kadyrbek Sultakeev
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Data Collection Methods ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Main Factor

Microcredit has developed extremely rapidly since its beginning in the late 1970, however which main factors determine the growth of the microcredit is a subject for debate. The primary purpose of this study was to determine the key factors that determine the growth of the microcredit sector. The target population was the 307 borrowers of microfinance institutions selected from Isyk-Kul region, Chuy region and Bishkek city. Data collection methods such as questionnaires, observation and interviews were used. Sampling technique was used and results analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively in terms of descriptive statistics. The main factor for developing microcredit was the excessive demand for microcredit product in Kyrgyzstan due to the structure of the economy and employment.

The Link Between Climate Change and Digitization of Archives in South Africa

2022 ◽  
pp. 537-552
Author(s):  
Nkholedzeni Sidney Netshakhuma
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Institutional Memory ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Long Term Preservation

This chapter assesses the link between climate change and digitisation of archives in South Africa. The study found linkage between flooding, fire, and digitization of archives in the sense that records required long-term preservation to be accessible. The chapter focuses on converting paper-based records into digital platforms as a strategic role to prevent records from damage. Heritage institution such as the National Archives of South Africa is in the forefront of the preservation of archives in South Africa. It is their national mandate to preserve archival materials and make them accessible to various stakeholders. The success of digitization is dependent on the organisation strategy. This means that partnership, privacy, copyright need to be considered. The research found that most of the heritage institutions in South Africa lack digitization strategy, which led to loss of institutional memory.

scholarly journals Spatial Adversities of the Commercialization of Main Roads: A Case Study of Main Road, Samanabad, Lahore

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 25-54
Author(s):  
Umair Zia Malik ◽  
Saima Gulzar ◽  
Muhammad Awan
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Main Road ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Negative Impacts

The negative impacts of land-use commercialization on built environment were studied in this research. Data was collected from the target population residing on Main Road Samanabad, Lahore. Data was collected through stratified sampling technique and analyzed in SPSS. The variables were correlated to draw conclusions. It was discovered that it is not only the tangible infrastructure that is responsible for the degradation of the built environment but intangible factors such as the existing policy on acquiring No Objection Certificate (NOC) also cause its deterioration. Furthermore, site-specific regulatory procedures need to be implemented. These loopholes were identified and organized in terms of their urgency of action and recommendations were prepared according to the research findings.

scholarly journals Seasonal Usage Pattern of Outdoor Spaces in Educational Precincts

10.29007/sv4h ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman Shooshtarian ◽  
Amrit Sagoo ◽  
Priyadarsini Rajagopalan
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Usage Pattern ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Outdoor Spaces ◽  
Outdoor Environments ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Study Sites

Successful urban open spaces can largely contribute to the enhancement of human’s day to day life. Among the determinants of the quality of outdoor environments, high priority is given to ambient climatic conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to understand the usage pattern of outdoor spaces in an educational precinct and discover its linkage to thermal conditions. The target population was the users of three open spaces of an educational precinct selected as the case study in Melbourne, Australia Three types of data collection methods including questionnaire survey, field observation and on-site measurements were employed to collect information about determinants and characteristics of usage pattern in the three consecutive seasons (spring 2014, summer 2015 and autumn 2015). The results shed lights on the seasonal usage pattern in the precinct and revealed the association between thermal conditions and the number of attendees in the study sites. The research findings are expected to inform guidelines on managing outdoor spaces, particularly within university campuses.

scholarly journals Piql. Long-term preservation technology study

Archeion ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jędrzej Sabliński ◽  
Alfredo Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Data Storage ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Technology Study ◽  
Preservation Technology ◽  
The World ◽  
Permanent Storage ◽  
End Of The World ◽  
Long Term Preservation

The purpose of the analysis is to demonstrate the effectiveness of Piql technology data storage for long-term preservation. This technology has been confirmed by certified laboratory tests. The article presents a unique and effective technology for perpetual storage of data on physical media and a detailed description of data recording methods, including the equipment needed for this process. It also presents the conditions of packaging, storage, transport and protection of piqlFilm media, based on the experience of durability of this medium over the past several decades. The idea behind the creation of this technology, in addition to permanent storage, is the ability to read the stored data in the distant future. The data is stored in an open format, allowing read access without temporal or technological limitations. Piql has also, taking advantage of the unique geo-climatic conditions on the Arctic island of Svalbard, established a specialized archive called the Arctic World Archive or the End of the World Library, to store the most valuable data of international institutions and companies as well as the world’s cultural heritage. Piql. Studium technologii długotrwałej ochrony Celem analizy jest przedstawienie skuteczności zapisu danych w technologii Piql, w celu ich długoterminowej ochrony. Technologia ta została potwierdzona certyfikowanymi badaniami laboratoryjnymi. W artykule została zaprezentowana unikalna i skuteczna technologia wieczystego przechowywania danych na nośniku fizycznym oraz szczegółowy opis metod zapisu danych, wraz z urządzeniami potrzebnymi do tego procesu. Przedstawiono także warunki pakowania, magazynowania, transportu i zabezpieczenia nośnika piqlFilm, bazując na doświadczeniach trwałości tego nośnika z ostatnich kilkudziesięciu lat. Ideą przyświecającą stworzeniu tej technologii, oprócz trwałego przechowania, jest możliwość odczytu zapisanych danych w odległej przyszłości. Dane są przechowywane w formacie otwartym, umożliwiającym dostęp do odczytu bez ograniczeń czasowych i technologicznych. Piql stworzył również specjalistyczne archiwum, wykorzystujące unikalne warunki geo-klimatyczne na arktycznej wyspie Svalbard, nazwane Światowym Archiwum Arktycznym (Arctic World Archive) lub Biblioteką Końca Świata (End of the World Library), w celu przechowania najcenniejszych danych międzynarodowych instytucji i firm oraz światowego dziedzictwa kulturowego.

scholarly journals Kriopreservasi untuk Konservasi Plasma Nutfah Tanaman: Peluang Pemanfaatannya di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Semuel Leunufna
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
High Recovery Rate ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Collection Methods

<p>Increasing rate of plant germplasm lost in<br />Indonesia has promoted the implementation of various<br />methods for their conservation. Cryopreservation is a technique<br />applicable for a long-term preservation (base collection)<br />of plants possessing non-orthodox (recalcitrant and<br />semi-recalcitrant) seeds and those propagated vegetatively.<br />The technique can be used as an alternative method for<br />orthodox seed plants preservation in the ex situ conservation<br />system. Although field and in vitro collection methods can<br />be applied for the non-orthodox seed plants, a number of<br />disadvantages possesed by these methods, especially in the<br />tropics or the developing countries, deny their use for the<br />establishment of a long-term germplasm collection. Successful<br />implementation of the cryopreservation technique is<br />supported by the development of protocols, which are able<br />to provide a high recovery rate for species understudy, using<br />vitrification based methods which are simple, economical,<br />applicable to complex organs, and able to implement a high<br />number of explants per experiment. The availability of infrastructures<br />including in vitro culture laboratories, continue<br />supply of liquid nitrogen is highly supporting the use of<br />cryopreservation technique in Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Behavior Among Asian Americans: A Thematic Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272098477
Author(s):  
Chia-Liang Dai ◽  
Manoj Sharma ◽  
Taj Haider ◽  
Hema Sunchu
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Consumption Behavior ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Small Subgroup ◽  
The Us

Consuming 5 or more cups of fruits and vegetables (F & V) per day or 400 g/day for adults is advocated by most health authorities and has short-term and long-term health benefits. There have been numerous studies examining dietary behaviors among different US populations; however, the literature on F & V consumption behavior among Asian Americans (AAs) is sparse. AAs constitute a diverse group and as their population continues to grow in the US; there is a greater need to examine the health practices of AAs and their constituent subgroups. The study aimed to conduct a thematic analysis based on a scoping review of the peer-reviewed published literature over the past 15 years targeting F & V consumption among AAs. The thematic analysis was organized around the prevalence, consequences, determinants, and interventions ( n = 33). AAs consuming recommended servings of F & V ranged from 0.5% to 20%. Correlations between the consumption of F & V and Body Mass Index (BMI) and other chronic diseases were reported as negative and significant associations were noted between F & V intake and self-reported health. There was only 1 intervention that was conducted with this behavior in only 1 small subgroup of this target population. There is an urgent need to study F & V consumption behavior among different AA subgroups as well as to design culturally appropriate theory-based efficacious F & V promotion interventions for them.

Leadership in Academia of Pakistan: Perception of Crisis Situation and Solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-692
Author(s):  
Shehla A. Yasin ◽  
Syeda Shahida Batool ◽  
Muhammad Asir Ajmal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Academic Leadership ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Academic Leader ◽  
Leadership Crisis ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Emerging Themes ◽  
Age Range

In current study, aim was to explore effective academic leadership in Pakistani higher education institutes. It was an attempt to understand how people in academia perceive effective academic leadership and what are the qualities expected in an effective academic leader? It was also attempted to explore if academicians feel that there is a crisis of leadership in Pakistani higher education institutes? What are the reasons and solution for this crisis situation? Purposive sampling technique was used to select a sample of teachers, students, and psychologists. Three focus groups were conducted one after another. Sample (N = 21) included 13 women and 8 men with age range 21-50 years. Sample was selected from different private and public universities and hospitals of Lahore. Emerging themes were analyzed using bottom up thematic analysis. Results indicated that an effective academic leader should have IQ and EQ, be visionary, and should bring everyone together. The participants mostly agreed that there is leadership crisis in Pakistani higher education institutes. They described various reasons for the crisis situation which mainly implied the responsibility to existing leaders, infrastructure, social decline, and policies.

Modelling of Moisture Movement in Wood during Outdoor Storage

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Baronas ◽  
F. Ivanauskas ◽  
I. Juodeikienė ◽  
A. Kajalavičius
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Finite Difference ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Moisture Movement ◽  
Finite Difference Technique ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Space Formulation ◽  
Term Storage

A model of moisture movement in wood is presented in this paper in a two-dimensional-in-space formulation. The finite-difference technique has been used in order to obtain the solution of the problem. The model was applied to predict the moisture content in sawn boards from pine during long term storage under outdoor climatic conditions. The satisfactory agreement between the numerical solution and experimental data was obtained.

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