Examining Young Children's Computational Artifacts

2021 ◽  
pp. 265-294
Author(s):  
Apittha Unahalekhaka ◽  
Madhu Govind
Keyword(s):  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Project Portfolio ◽  
Creative Coding ◽  
Insight Into

Computational thinking (CT), in line with the constructionist perspective, is often best displayed when children have the opportunity to demonstrate their skills by producing creative coding artifacts. Performance-based or project portfolio assessments of young children's coding artifacts are a rich and useful approach to explore how children develop and apply CT abilities. In this chapter, the authors examine various rubrics and assessment tools used to measure the levels of programming competency, creativity, and purposefulness displayed in students' coding artifacts. The authors then discuss the development of ScratchJr and KIBO project rubrics for researchers and educators, including examples to illustrate how these highly diverse projects provide insight into children's CT abilities. Finally, the authors conclude with implications and practical strategies for using rubrics in both educational and research settings.

A Preliminary Study of Novice and Expert Users’ Decision-Making Procedures During Visual Trade Space Exploration

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wolf ◽  
Timothy W. Simpson ◽  
Xiaolong Luke Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Space Exploration ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Design Decision ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Trade Space Exploration ◽  
Insight Into

Thanks to recent advances in computing power and speed, designers can now generate a wealth of data on demand to support engineering design decision-making. Unfortunately, while the ability to generate and store new data continues to grow, methods and tools to support multi-dimensional data exploration have evolved at a much slower pace. Moreover, current methods and tools are often ill-equipped at accommodating evolving knowledge sources and expert-driven exploration that is being enabled by computational thinking. In this paper, we discuss ongoing research that seeks to transform decades-old decision-making paradigms rooted in operations research by considering how to effectively convert data into knowledge that enhances decision-making and leads to better designs. Specifically, we address decision-making within the area of trade space exploration by conducting human-computer interaction studies using multi-dimensional data visualization software that we have been developing. We first discuss a Pilot Study that was conducted to gain insight into expected differences between novice and expert decision-makers using a small test group. We then present the results of two Preliminary Experiments designed to gain insight into procedural differences in how novices and experts use multi-dimensional data visualization and exploration tools and to measure their ability to use these tools effectively when solving an engineering design problem. This work supports our goal of developing training protocols that support efficient and effective trade space exploration.

Variable Insight in OCD

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca J. Hamblin ◽  
Jennifer Moonjung Park ◽  
Monica S. Wu ◽  
Eric A. Storch
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often have good insight into the irrational nature of their obsessions and the excessive character of their compulsions, but insight exists along a continuum and is markedly poor in some patients. This chapter reviews the assessment and phenomenological correlates of variable insight in OCD in both pediatric and adult populations. It reviews the definition of insight and its relationship to the evolution of diagnostic criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder, as well as the major assessment tools used to measure and quantify insight for clinical and research purposes. The relationships between insight and clinical characteristics of OCD, including symptom severity, comorbidity, and treatment response are reviewed, followed by a review of neurobiological correlates of insight and the relationship between poor insight and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

scholarly journals Current Development in Elderly Comprehensive Assessment and Research Methods

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shantong Jiang ◽  
Pingping Li
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Comprehensive Management ◽  
Environmental Status ◽  
Effective Assessment ◽  
Insight Into

Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a core and an essential part of the comprehensive care of the aging population. CGA uses specific tools to summarize elderly status in several domains that may influence the general health and outcomes of diseases of elderly patients, including assessment of medical, physical, psychological, mental, nutritional, cognitive, social, economic, and environmental status. Here, in this paper, we review different assessment tools used in elderly patients with chronic diseases. The development of comprehensive assessment tools and single assessment tools specially used in a dimension of CGA was discussed. CGA provides substantial insight into the comprehensive management of elderly patients. Developing concise and effective assessment instruments is helpful to carry out CGA widely to create a higher clinical value.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

2021 ◽  
pp. 324-351
Author(s):  
Shailaja Pokhriyal
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Support System ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Insight Into

The chapter introduces attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and provides an insight into the condition, its causes, treatment, and rehabilitation. The chapter aims to briefly cover the major aspects of the condition. It touches on the role of assessment tools and protocols followed to diagnose and treat ADHD. The content will cover causes of ADHD, reported from research done so far, and changes in the displayed symptoms as a child grows into an adult. Additionally, comorbid conditions which occur along with ADHD are introduced, including the variations among children and adults. Finally, the role of technology in treatments, assessments, and as a support system are presented. The chapter is not an exhaustive guide but a primer to the condition.

scholarly journals Promoting meaningful assessment in an overcrowded English First Additional Language Intermediate Phase classroom

Per Linguam ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78
Author(s):  
Sekanse Abiner Ntsala
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Group Assessment ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Insight Into

This article provides prospects on how English First Additional Language (FAL) teachers working in overcrowded intermediate phase classrooms can assess meaningfully. It is in response to numerous reports that highlight the poor performance in English First Additional Language by South African intermediate learners. Seeing that overcrowdedness has been singled out as one of the possible causes of this reality, this paper integrates overcrowdedness as an important variable. This work, informed by the complexity theory, was steeped in phenomenology as a research design, resulting in the use of the interpretive paradigm. Qualitative research methods were used where interviews and observations provided insight into good practice. Data were analysed mostly thematically, ultimately revealing the significance of assessment tools, the length and weight of assessments, selective approaches to assessments, informal assessments, observations and group assessment. These results illuminated the nonlinearity of the language classroom since other teachers can assess productively despite the number of learners in their classrooms. A notable issue about the insights is that it is rewarding to combine ingenuity and simplicity.

Unleashing the Potential of Abstraction From Cloud of Computational Thinking: A Systematic Review of Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 073563312110553
Author(s):  
Ndudi O. Ezeamuzie ◽  
Jessica S.C. Leung ◽  
Fridolin S.T. Ting
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Reading Program ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Insight Into

Although abstraction is widely understood to be one of the primary components of computational thinking, the roots of abstraction may be traced back to different fields. Hence, the meaning of abstraction in the context of computational thinking is often confounded, as researchers interpret abstraction through diverse lenses. To disentangle these conceptual threads and gain insight into the operationalisation of abstraction, a systematic review of 96 empirical studies was undertaken. Analysis revealed that identifying features of entities, extracting relevant features, discovering patterns, creating rules and assembling the parts together were the core actions of abstraction. With the primary aim of simplifying practical procedures, abstraction was operationalised as the sophistication of a program, the matching of patterns, the creation of alternative representations, the transfer of solutions, the measurement of a learner’s activity and reading program codes. There is an obvious need for researchers to align the conceptual meanings they have established of abstraction with the practical facts of operationalisation. The need to empirically validate emerging models and the implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Ethnicity as Uncertainty Reducing Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 46-67
Author(s):  
Benjamin Claeson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Ethnic Identity ◽  
Uncertainty Reduction ◽  
Ethnic Violence ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Risk Assessments ◽  
Ethnic Mobilization ◽  
Systematic Theory ◽  
Risk Assessment Tools ◽  
Insight Into

Scholars of ethnic violence have moved beyond the traditional primordialist constructivist debate into a much more thorough discussion exploring why mobilizations to violence along ethnic divisions are successful. This debate has sparked insight into many components that help to explain varied motivations for participation in ethnic violence. However, as of yet there has not been a systematic theory that can explain the prevalence of ethnic violence as opposed to violence based upon other categorizations. This paper argues that ethnic mobilization to violence is successful because ethnic identity offers a means of uncertainty reduction in times of chaos that allows people to create more effective risk assessments in their daily interactions. However, ethnic violence will only occur under conditions where more effective risk assessment tools are sufficiently weakened.

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