Forensic Camera Identification in Social Networks via Camera Fingerprint

2022 ◽  
pp. 148-160
Author(s):  
Tzuhuan Lin ◽  
Yu-Ru Wang
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Correlation Energy ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Camera Identification ◽  
Pattern Noise ◽  
Photo Response ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Peak Correlation

Image-related crimes cause the urgent demand for tracing the origin of digital images. The breakthrough is a passive detection method via photo response non-uniformity (PRNU) analysis proposed by Lukáš et al. Recently, digital images are often shot with handheld devices (such as smartphones) and transmitted using social media (such as LINE). Most of the images are distorted (such as compressed and resized) during transmission. Previous studies are less focused on the impact of transmission compression through social networks. Thirty-one different Apple mobile phones were used to capture digital images in the experiment. Images were uploaded to the photo album via LINE software and then downloaded. The modified signed peak correlation energy (MSPCE) statistics is used to evaluate the correlation between the PRNU values of the disputed images and the pattern noise of the experimental devices. Experimental results show that the PRNU analysis method can effectively trace the source of the shot device using the distorted images which are compressed and resized during the transmission in LINE.

scholarly journals Coherence of PRNU weighted estimations for improved source camera identification

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittoria Bruni ◽  
Michela Tartaglione ◽  
Domenico Vitulano
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Similarity Metric ◽  
Opposite Case ◽  
Classification Feature ◽  
Source Camera Identification ◽  
Camera Identification ◽  
Pattern Noise ◽  
Flat Field ◽  
Photo Response

AbstractThis paper presents a method for Photo Response Non Uniformity (PRNU) pattern noise based camera identification. It takes advantage of the coherence between different PRNU estimations restricted to specific image regions. The main idea is based on the following observations: different methods can be used for estimating PRNU contribution in a given image; the estimation has not the same accuracy in the whole image as a more faithful estimation is expected from flat regions. Hence, two different estimations of the reference PRNU have been considered in the classification procedure, and the coherence of the similarity metric between them, when evaluated in three different image regions, is used as classification feature. More coherence is expected in case of matching, i.e. the image has been acquired by the analysed device, than in the opposite case, where similarity metric is almost noisy and then unpredictable. Presented results show that the proposed approach provides comparable and often better classification results of some state of the art methods, showing to be robust to lack of flat field (FF) images availability, devices of the same brand or model, uploading/downloading from social networks.

Decomposed PRNU Library for Forensics on Photos

2012 ◽  
pp. 129-142
Author(s):  
Yue Li
Keyword(s):  
Digital Library ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Interpolation Function ◽  
Storage Requirement ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Camera Identification ◽  
Photo Response ◽  
Origin Identification

Today, the digital forensic techniques for digital images are developed with the origin identification and integrity verification functions for security reasons. Methods based on photo-response-non-uniform (PRNU) are widely studied and proved to be effective to serve the forensic purposes. However, due to the interpolation noise, caused by the colour filtering and interpolation function the accuracy of the PRNU-based forensic method has been degraded. Meanwhile, the tremendous physical storage requirement and computation consumption limit the applications of PRNU-based method. Therefore, an innovative DPRNU-based forensic method has been proposed in order to solve the above problems. In the method, the artificial component and physical component are separated according to the colour filtering array (CFA) and the PRNU are only extracted from the physical component in order to remove the interference caused by the interpolation noise, which increases the accuracy of the camera identification and integrity verification. Meanwhile, due to the separation, the DPRNU are only 1/3 of the size of the traditional PRNU, which saves considerable physical storage in setting up the digital library and fasters the comparison speed between the fingerprints.

Influence of social networks on business processes’ development

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 2225-2252
Author(s):  
E.V. Popov ◽  
V.L. Simonova ◽  
O.V. Komarova ◽  
S.S. Kaigorodova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Sales Channels ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The emergence of new ways of interaction between sellers and buyers, the formation of new sales channels and product promotion based on the use of digital economy tools is at the heart of improving the business processes. Social networks became a tool for development; their rapid growth necessitates theoretical understanding and identification of potential application in enterprise's business process digitalization. Objectives. We explore the role of social media in the digitalization of business processes, systematize the impact of social networks on business processes of enterprises in the digital economy. Methods. The theoretical and methodological analysis of social networks as a tool for digitalization of company's business processes rests on the content analysis of domestic and foreign scientific studies, comparison, generalization and systematization. Results. We highlight the key effects of the impact of social networks on the business processes of the company; show that the digitalization of business processes should be considered in the context of a value-based approach, aimed at creating a value through the algorithmization of company operations. We determine that social networks are one of the most important tools for digitalization of company's business processes, as they have a high organizational and management potential. We also systematize the effects of social media on company's business processes. Conclusions. We present theoretical provisions of the impact of social networks on business processes of enterprises, which will enable to model and organize ideas about the development of digital ecosystems and the formation of business models.

Update of the last 2 years on the impact of the internet and social networks on the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: simple review. (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayli Lañas-Navarro ◽  
Jose Ipanaque-Calderon Sr ◽  
Fiorela E Solano
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

BACKGROUND Research on the use of the Internet in the medical field is experiencing many advances, including mobile applications, social networks, telemedicine. Its implementation in medical care and comprehensive patient management is a much discussed topic at present. OBJECTIVE This narrative review aims to understand the impact of the internet and social networks on the management of diabetes, both for patients and medical staff. METHODS The bibliographic search was carried out in the databases Pubmed, Virtual Health Library (VHL) and Lilacs between 2018 to 2020. RESULTS Multiple mobile applications have been created for the help and control of diabetic patients, as well as the implementation of online courses, improving the knowledge of health personnel applying them in the field of telemedicine. CONCLUSIONS The use of the Internet and social networks brings many benefits for both the diabetic patient and the health personnel, offering advantages for both.

scholarly journals Social Networks, Trust, and Disaster-Risk Perceptions of Rural Residents in a Multi-Disaster Environment: Evidence from Sichuan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 2106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaijing Xue ◽  
Shili Guo ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Shaoquan Liu ◽  
Dingde Xu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Response Efficacy ◽  
The Impact

Individual perception of disaster risk is not only the product of individual factors, but also the product of social interactions. However, few studies have empirically explored the correlations between rural residents’ flat social networks, trust in pyramidal channels, and disaster-risk perceptions. Taking Sichuan Province—a typical disaster-prone province in China—as an example and using data from 327 rural households in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, this paper measured the level of participants’ disaster-risk perception in the four dimensions of possibility, threat, self-efficacy, and response efficacy. Then, the ordinary least squares method was applied to probe the correlations between social networks, trust, and residents’ disaster-risk perception. The results revealed four main findings. (1) Compared with scores relating to comprehensive disaster-risk perception, participants had lower perception scores relating to possibility and threat, and higher perception scores relating to self-efficacy and response efficacy. (2) The carrier characteristics of their social networks significantly affected rural residents’ perceived levels of disaster risk, while the background characteristics did not. (3) Different dimensions of trust had distinct effects on rural residents’ disaster-risk perceptions. (4) Compared with social network variables, trust was more closely related to the perceived level of disaster risks, which was especially reflected in the impact on self-efficacy, response efficacy, and comprehensive perception. The findings of this study deepen understanding of the relationship between social networks, trust, and disaster-risk perceptions of rural residents in mountainous areas threatened by multiple disasters, providing enlightenment for building resilient disaster-prevention systems in the community.

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Critical Factors on Continuous Usage Intention towards Enterprise Social Networks: An Integrated Model of IS Success and TTF

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7619
Author(s):  
Run-Ze Wu ◽  
Xiu-Fu Tian
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Critical Factors ◽  
Information Systems Success ◽  
Is Success ◽  
Enterprise Social Networks ◽  
Task Technology Fit ◽  
Continuous Usage Intention ◽  
The Impact

Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, many people have to accept remote working. However, as COVID-19 has been effectively controlled in China, remote office services provided by enterprise social networks (ESNs) is no longer a necessary choice of users. There has not yet been any referential research for ESN enterprises concerning how to encourage users willing to use ESNs continuously. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the critical factors of ESN continuous usage intention to make up the research gap of ESN continuous usage intention and to help enterprises address the issue of sustained growth. This research combines elements of the task technology fit (TTF) model and D&M information systems success (ISS) model, explaining the continuous usage intention of ESN users. The empirical analysis results are based on the sample data of 668 Chinese respondents with experience in ESNs use and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). Results show that task technology fit, performance expectancy and the satisfaction degree have a significant influence on continuous usage intention of ESNs. The research findings can provide the theoretical basis for sustained development and follow-up research of the ESN industry.

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