Women Working in Turkey

2022 ◽  
pp. 114-133
Author(s):  
Betül Altay Topcu ◽  
Sevgi Sümerli Sarıgül
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Working Women ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

Working women face barriers based on gender discrimination in Turkey and around the world, especially in terms of their career development. In this context, gender discrimination is one of the most important problems that prevents the development of societies. Gender discrimination in terms of working life is the exclusion of women, although it does not affect the performance of work, and as a result, the power, satisfaction level, and income in the workplace are shared among men. Gender discrimination can be in the form of paying different wages for the same job, or it can occur in the form of individuals with equal efficiency having different jobs corresponding to different levels of pay. The aim of the study is to reveal the place of women working in Turkey in the labor market and the unfairness of wages they face. In this context, the study is important for providing proposals to prevent wage inequality in Turkey.

scholarly journals Applying the Data Modeling Tools for the Gender Inequality Analysis in the IT-industry in Ukraine and Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (512) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
O. I. Shchepilova ◽  
◽  
M. V. Korol ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Gender Segregation ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
The World

Nowadays, the information-technology industry is one of the most masculine and asymmetrical in the world labor market. The fact of having male workers in more prestigious and highly paid positions is proved, while female workers are more represented in low-profitable sectors of the economy (healthcare, education, social services, etc.). The article is aimed at researching the status of gender inequality in the IT sphere in the labor market of both Ukraine and the world by means of modeling tools. The publication analyzes the current status of gender segregation of labor in the sphere of information technology worldwide and in Ukraine. The relevance of the research on the process of functioning of companies engaged in foreign economic activity is substantiated. Using statistics of the most technological companies in the world (Amazon, Microsoft, etc.) it is proved that the average share of women in the companies comprises 30-40% of all employees. Gender inequality, as it has been proven, harms the business of companies around the world. Replacing female employees who resigned from a job because of the inability to build a career increases business costs and slows down the activities of individual projects and/or companies in general. At present, most large international companies deliberately perceive the need to achieve gender equilibrium among their employees. Despite numerous measures that have a positive impact on the involvement of women in the IT market, there are factors in the global labor market that increase gender discrimination, as emphasized in the article. Economic-mathematical models of the process are built up using multiple regression with panel data. With the help of the appropriate criteria, the quality of the built up models has been proven. Economic interpretation of the results is provided. Prospects for further research in this direction are described.

scholarly journals An early view of the barriers to entry and career development in Building Engineering

DYNA ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 82 (194) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Margarita Infante-Perea ◽  
Marisa Román-Onsalo ◽  
Elena Navarro-Astor
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Barriers To Entry ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The World ◽  
Early View ◽  
Spanish Universities ◽  
Building Engineering

The construction sector plays an important role in the global economy since it generates approximately 10% of the world GDP and employs around 7% of the workforce. Professional profiles for building engineers and barriers they may encounter when accessing the labor market as well as in their career development in the sector are researched. Having identified some variables as relevant barriers, this empirical research is exploratory in nature and adopts a descriptive and inferential approach, in order to analyze the influence of gender in the perception of barriers in two Spanish universities. Results show more difficult working circumstances for women, which allows us to reflect on the consequences of these early perceptions on the career development of the next generation of both male and female building engineers.

scholarly journals SELF-EFFICACY, PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND WELL-BEING FOR EMPLOYEES IN THE LABOR MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Ilze Dreifelde ◽  
Maija Zakrizevska Belogrudova
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The World ◽  
Professional Development Needs ◽  
Main Activity ◽  
General Self Efficacy ◽  
Different Levels

In the research of the work environment and employment both in the world and in Latvia, the importance of employees' self-efficacy in work productivity,  professional development and well-being has being actualized. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there is a correlation  between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being of employees in the labor market in Latvia. Hypothesis: is there a correlation between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being for employees in Latvia. The researchquestion of the study is whether there are statistically significant differences in self-efficacy by gender. The study involved n-224 employees in the Latvian labor market aged 18 to 56, with different levels of professional development and well-being. Three methods were used: General self-efficacy scale, the Survay of self-efficacy in the main activity,Professional development needs survey. The results of the study show that there is a statistically significant relationship between self-efficacy, professional development and well-being of employees in the labor market, as well as it was found that there are no statistically significant differences of self-efficacy by gender.

The Relationship between Working Environment and Internship Satisfaction Level: A Case Study Of A 4-Star Hotel Restaurant In Germany

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-291
Author(s):  
Chatarina Natalia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Career Development ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Learning Opportunities ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
Supervisory Support ◽  
Support Organization ◽  
The Relationship

There are many factors that can lead to internship satisfaction. Working environment is one of the factors that will result to such outcome. However, many organizations discarded the fact of its importance. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a significant relationship between working environment and internship satisfaction level as well as to determine whether the dimensions of working environment significantly affect internship satisfaction. The said dimensions are, learning opportunities, supervisory support, career development opportunities, co-workers support, organization satisfaction, working hours and esteem needs. A total of 111 questionnaires were distributed to the respondents and were processed by SPSS program to obtain the result of this study. The results reveal that learning opportunities, career development opportunities, organization satisfaction and esteem needs are factors that contribute to internship satisfaction level. In the other hand, supervisory support, co-workers support and working hours are factors that lead to internship dissatisfaction. The result also shows that organization satisfaction is the strongest factor that affects internship satisfaction while co-workers support is the weakest.

PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF EDUCATION AND TOLERANCE IN STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-119
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR GLEB NAYDONOV
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
Interethnic Differences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Correct Understanding ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
Different Levels

The article considers the students’ tolerance as a spectrum of personal manifestations of respect, acceptance and correct understanding of the rich diversity of cultures of the world, values of others’ personality. The purpose of the study is to investgate education and the formation of tolerance among the students. We have compiled a training program to improve the level of tolerance for interethnic differences. Based on the statistical analysis of the data obtained, the most important values that are significant for different levels of tolerance were identified.

The risk of cancer in chrysotile asbestos miners and millers

2020 ◽  
pp. 647-648
Author(s):  
E. V. Kovalevskiy ◽  
J. . Schuz ◽  
S. V. Kashanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Working Women ◽  
Chrysotile Asbestos ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Mortality Risks ◽  
Individual Exposure ◽  
Extensive Data ◽  
The World ◽  
Risk Of Cancer

In 2019, with the aim of assessing mortality risks, the formation of the world’s largest cohort of chrysotile asbestos miners and millers was completed at the largest developed chrysotile mine in the world, including a large proportion of working women with extensive data to assess individual exposure and vital status.

scholarly journals Functions of Career Resilience Against Changes During Working Life in Japan: Focus on Health Condition Changes and Task or Job Changes

SAGE Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 215824402110021
Author(s):  
Makiko Kodama
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Career Development ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
The Future ◽  
Simple Slope ◽  
Career Resilience

This study aimed to clarify the role that career resilience plays in preventing inhibition of career development when individuals confront changes during their working life, such as changes in work tasks or health condition. Career resilience consists of five factors: ability to cope with problems, social skills, interest in novelty, optimism about the future, and willingness to help others. In all, 1,000 Japanese company employees completed an online survey. The results showed that optimism about the future and ability to cope with problems exhibited a negative correlation with NPC when confronting changes. The results of simple slope analysis suggested that social skills and ability to cope with problems decreased the negative influence that psychological symptoms caused by changes had on job satisfaction, which was one index of career development. This study underlines the necessity of developing the ability to cope with problems and social skills.

scholarly journals The Hierarchy of Walking Needs and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7461
Author(s):  
Mohammad Paydar ◽  
Asal Kamani Fard
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
Current Context ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Different Levels

More than 150 cities around the world have expanded emergency cycling and walking infrastructure to increase their resilience in the face of the COVID 19 pandemic. This tendency toward walking has led it to becoming the predominant daily mode of transport that also contributes to significant changes in the relationships between the hierarchy of walking needs and walking behaviour. These changes need to be addressed in order to increase the resilience of walking environments in the face of such a pandemic. This study was designed as a theoretical and empirical literature review seeking to improve the walking behaviour in relation to the hierarchy of walking needs within the current context of COVID-19. Accordingly, the interrelationship between the main aspects relating to walking-in the context of the pandemic- and the different levels in the hierarchy of walking needs were discussed. Results are presented in five sections of “density, crowding and stress during walking”, “sense of comfort/discomfort and stress in regard to crowded spaces during walking experiences”, “crowded spaces as insecure public spaces and the contribution of the type of urban configuration”, “role of motivational/restorative factors during walking trips to reduce the overload of stress and improve mental health”, and “urban design interventions on arrangement of visual sequences during walking”.

scholarly journals Trends in Wage Inequality in the Netherlands

De Economist ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colja Schneck
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Labor Market Institutions ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Educational Degree ◽  
Over Time

AbstractIn this paper I analyze changes in the wage distribution in the Netherlands. I use a matched employer-employee dataset that covers the population of employees. Wage inequality increases over the period of 2001–2016. Changes in between-firm wage components are responsible for nearly the entire increase. Increases in the variance of workers’ skills and increases in worker sorting and worker segregation explain the majority of the rise in the variance of wages. These changes are accompanied by a pattern where variation in educational degree and firm average wages become more correlated over time. Finally, it is suggested that labor market institutions in the Netherlands play an important role in mediating overall wage inequality.

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