Positioning Agency of Migrant Street Working Children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-59
Author(s):  
Degwale Gebeyehu Belay
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Working Children ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
The World ◽  
Child Street ◽  
Depth Interviews

Ethiopia is among the poorest countries of the world in which many children do not have access to a quality education, and many children are engaged in child labour. The study aims to explain the interplay of factors for independent migration and street working experience of children. The article adopted an ethnographic qualitative research method. In-depth interviews, observation, and informal discussions were important tools of data collection. The findings show that independent migration is an important component of working children on streets of Addis Ababa. Children exercise their agency to migrate and engage in a certain kinds of street activities. Most of them migrate from rural areas for non-economic reasons. Street activities are gendered as well as generationally divided. These children have positioned themselves as workers and streets as their workplaces. Despite their agency, they are vulnerable to different structural problems. Hence, blaming child street workers cannot be an effective means of eliminating child labour.

Tingkat Penggunaan E-Commerce pada Remaja di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 437
Author(s):  
Lana Ciarna Artheswara ◽  
Asri Sulistiawati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adolescent Behaviour ◽  
The World ◽  
Application Access ◽  
Depth Interviews

Pesatnya perkembangan E-Commerce di beberapa tahun belakang, menjadikan E-Commerce sebagai prospek bisnis besar dalam dunia perdagangan. Tren penggunaan E-Commerce ini melanda dunia remaja, dibuktikan dengan adanya survey OTX dan The Intelligence Group yang dilakukan terhadap remaja berusia 13-17 tahun, hampir 6 dari setiap 10 remaja pernah membeli produk dan jasa lewat internet. Hasil survey ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku remaja dalam berbelanja di E-Commerce telah berkembang dan menjadi gaya hidup remaja perkotaan. Namun, akses internet di Indonesia saat ini dapat dijangkau hingga ke daerah pedesaan, maka dari itu saat ini E-Commerce dapat diakses oleh semua orang tanpa adanya batasan geografis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua lokasi yang berbeda yaitu di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Hal ini untuk membandingkan hasil data dari kedua lokasi tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat penggunaan E-Commerce yang dilihat dari frekuensi penggunaan aplikasi, durasi akses aplikasi, dan banyaknya aplikasi E-Commerce pada gawai yang dimiliki oleh remaja Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan didukung dengan data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif didapat melalui kuesioner dan data kualitatif didapatkan dari wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan dalam hal penggunaan E-Commerce oleh remaja yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan dan di Kota Bogor. Perbedaan nampak dalam hal durasi akses dan tingkat kepemilikan aplikasi E-Commerce.Kata Kunci : E-Commerce, ICT, Internet, Remaja=====ABSTRACTThe development of Electronic-Commerce (E-Commerce) in the past few years has made E-Commerce as a big business prospect in the world of commerce. The trend of E-Commerce is coming to adolescent’s world, there’s evidenced by the OTX survey and The Intelligence Group conducted on adolescents aged 13-17 years, the survey said that 6 out of every 10 teenagers have bought products and services online. The results of this survey indicate that adolescent behaviour in shopping in E-Commerce has developed and become a lifestyle of urban youth. While internet access in Indonesia can be reached up to rural areas, it means E-Commerce can be accessed by everyone without geographical restrictions. This research was conducted in two different locations, on Urban and Rural Area in Bogor to compare the results of data from the two locations. This paper aims to determine differences in the level of E-Commerce usage, and the indicator to measure it is the frequency of application usage, the duration of application access, and the number of E-Commerce applications on devices. This research uses a quantitative approach and is supported by qualitative data. Quantitative data obtained through questionnaires and for qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews. The results of this study is the duration of access and the amount of E-Commerce has significant differences between the adolescent who lived in Urban and Rural Area of Bogor.Keywords : E-Commerce, ICT, Internet, Teenagers

Promoting Agricultural Productivity and Inclusive Growth in Uganda

2019 ◽  
pp. 1528-1541
Author(s):  
William Amone ◽  
Dick Nuwamanya Kamuganga ◽  
Godswill Makombe
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Strong Growth ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
The World

Although many countries in the world including Uganda witnessed high rates of economic growth in the last three decades, the strong growth has failed to holistically deliver the expected prosperity. Amidst Uganda's strong growth of about 7% per annum, of the recent decades, poverty, unemployment and inequality have remained pervasive especially in the rural areas; an indication that the growth process has not been pro-poor and inclusive of the deprived. Agriculture which is the sector employing majority of Uganda's poor has also not developed much; within the same period the sector grew at an average rate of 2% per annum and its productivity has remained considerably low. This chapter reviews the trending conception of inclusive economic growth, and its relevance to Uganda's development process. In its final section, the chapter assesses the factors that affect agricultural productivity and it discusses the most effective means of raising productivity in order to make the growth process of the country more broad-base, pro-poor and inclusive.

Responding to children’s street work with alternative income-generation strategies

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin M. Ferguson
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Social Development Model ◽  
Working Children ◽  
The World ◽  
Child Street ◽  
Développement Social

English Empirical precedents indicate the positive impact of income-generating initiatives on the lives of vulnerable populations around the world. However, there is limited research on such interventions with street-working children. A social development model is proposed for street-working children and their parents as a means to curb child street migration. French L'expérience confirme l'impact positif des initiatives de production de revenus sur la vie des populations vulnérables dans le monde. Toutefois, il existe peu de recherche concernant de telles initiatives auprès des enfants qui travaillent dans la rue. Cette recherche propose un modèle de développement social à l'intention des enfants qui font du travail de rue et de leurs parents afin de faire fléchir la migration des enfants vers la rue. Spanish Precedentes empíricos indican que las iniciativas que generan ingresos tienen un impacto positivo en las vidas de poblaciones vulnerables de todo el mundo. Sin embargo se ha hecho poca investigación sobre tales intervenciones con niños que trabajan en la calle. Se propone un modelo de desarrollo social para estos niños y sus padres, al objeto de disminuir la migración de niños a la calle.

Promoting Agricultural Productivity and Inclusive Growth in Uganda

2016 ◽  
pp. 249-262
Author(s):  
William Amone ◽  
Dick Nuwamanya Kamuganga ◽  
Godswill Makombe
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Agricultural Productivity ◽  
Strong Growth ◽  
Broad Base ◽  
The World

Although many countries in the world including Uganda witnessed high rates of economic growth in the last three decades, the strong growth has failed to holistically deliver the expected prosperity. Amidst Uganda's strong growth of about 7% per annum, of the recent decades, poverty, unemployment and inequality have remained pervasive especially in the rural areas; an indication that the growth process has not been pro-poor and inclusive of the deprived. Agriculture which is the sector employing majority of Uganda's poor has also not developed much; within the same period the sector grew at an average rate of 2% per annum and its productivity has remained considerably low. This chapter reviews the trending conception of inclusive economic growth, and its relevance to Uganda's development process. In its final section, the chapter assesses the factors that affect agricultural productivity and it discusses the most effective means of raising productivity in order to make the growth process of the country more broad-base, pro-poor and inclusive.

scholarly journals Children’s work in African agriculture: Time for a rethink

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-102
Author(s):  
James Sumberg ◽  
Rachel Sabates-Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The World ◽  
African Agriculture ◽  
Children’S Work ◽  
The One

This article outlines a tension that plays itself out in rural areas throughout Africa. On the one hand, it is recognized that children throughout the world engage in economic activity, and this is particularly so in rural areas. On the other hand, is the policy, corporate and NGO focus on the elimination of child labour from the production of a small number of African export commodities. We argue that a key to resolving this tension and opening the door to more effective interventions to address children’s harmful work is to reframe the problem of, and debates around, child labour by changing the focus to children’s work. The article briefly explores some implications of this shift.

scholarly journals Tingkat Penggunaan E-Commerce pada Remaja di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 441
Author(s):  
Lana Ciarna Artheswara ◽  
Asri Sulistiawati
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Urban Youth ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
The Past ◽  
Adolescent Behaviour ◽  
The World ◽  
Application Access ◽  
Depth Interviews

Pesatnya perkembangan E-Commerce di beberapa tahun belakang, menjadikan E-Commerce sebagai prospek bisnis besar dalam dunia perdagangan. Tren penggunaan E-Commerce ini melanda dunia remaja, dibuktikan dengan adanya survey OTX dan The Intelligence Group yang dilakukan terhadap remaja berusia 13-17 tahun, hampir 6 dari setiap 10 remaja pernah membeli produk dan jasa lewat internet. Hasil survey ini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku remaja dalam berbelanja di E-Commerce telah berkembang dan menjadi gaya hidup remaja perkotaan. Namun, akses internet di Indonesia saat ini dapat dijangkau hingga ke daerah pedesaan, maka dari itu saat ini E-Commerce dapat diakses oleh semua orang tanpa adanya batasan geografis. Penelitian ini dilakukan di dua lokasi yang berbeda yaitu di Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Hal ini untuk membandingkan hasil data dari kedua lokasi tersebut. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat penggunaan E-Commerce yang dilihat dari frekuensi penggunaan aplikasi, durasi akses aplikasi, dan banyaknya aplikasi E-Commerce pada gawai yang dimiliki oleh remaja Kota dan Kabupaten Bogor. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan didukung dengan data kualitatif. Data kuantitatif didapat melalui kuesioner dan data kualitatif didapatkan dari wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan dalam hal penggunaan E-Commerce oleh remaja yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan dan di Kota Bogor. Perbedaan nampak dalam hal durasi akses dan tingkat kepemilikan aplikasi E-Commerce.Kata Kunci : E-Commerce, ICT, Internet, Remaja=====ABSTRACTThe development of Electronic-Commerce (E-Commerce) in the past few years has made E-Commerce as a big business prospect in the world of commerce. The trend of E-Commerce is coming to adolescent’s world, there’s evidenced by the OTX survey and The Intelligence Group conducted on adolescents aged 13-17 years, the survey said that 6 out of every 10 teenagers have bought products and services online. The results of this survey indicate that adolescent behaviour in shopping in E-Commerce has developed and become a lifestyle of urban youth. While internet access in Indonesia can be reached up to rural areas, it means E-Commerce can be accessed by everyone without geographical restrictions. This research was conducted in two different locations, on Urban and Rural Area in Bogor to compare the results of data from the two locations. This paper aims to determine differences in the level of E-Commerce usage, and the indicator to measure it is the frequency of application usage, the duration of application access, and the number of E-Commerce applications on devices. This research uses a quantitative approach and is supported by qualitative data. Quantitative data obtained through questionnaires and for qualitative data obtained from in-depth interviews. The results of this study is the duration of access and the amount of E-Commerce has significant differences between the adolescent who lived in Urban and Rural Area of Bogor.Keywords : E-Commerce, ICT, Internet, Teenagers

International Telesupervision: The Clinical Fellowship Experience

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
David W. Rule ◽  
Lisa N. Kelchner
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Clinical Supervision ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Access To Services ◽  
East African ◽  
The World ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
National Certification

Telepractice technology allows greater access to speech-language pathology services around the world. These technologies extend beyond evaluation and treatment and are shown to be used effectively in clinical supervision including graduate students and clinical fellows. In fact, a clinical fellow from the United States completed the entire supervised clinical fellowship (CF) year internationally at a rural East African hospital, meeting all requirements for state and national certification by employing telesupervision technology. Thus, telesupervision has the potential to be successfully implemented to address a range of needs including supervisory shortages, health disparities worldwide, and access to services in rural areas where speech-language pathology services are not readily available. The telesupervision experience, potential advantages, implications, and possible limitations are discussed. A brief guide for clinical fellows pursuing telesupervision is also provided.

THE GENESIS OF CONSERVATIVE IDEOLOGY, DEVELOPMENT TRENDS AND PROSPECTS IN THE POLITICAL REFORM OF MODERN COUNTRIES (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RUSSIA AND FRANCE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
MARIETA EPREMYAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Reform ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Political ◽  
Development Trends ◽  
Conservative Ideology ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Conservatism ◽  
The Future ◽  
Conservative Policy ◽  
Depth Interviews

The article examines the epistemological roots of conservative ideology, development trends and further prospects in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in other countries. The author focuses on the “world” and Russian conservatism. In the course of the study, the author illustrates what opportunities and limitations a conservative ideology can have in political reform not only in modern Russia, but also in the world. In conclusion, it is concluded that the prospect of a conservative trend in the world is wide enough. To avoid immigration and to control the development of technology in society, it is necessary to adhere to a conservative policy. Conservatism is a consolidating ideology. It is no coincidence that the author cites as an example the understanding of conservative ideology by the French due to the fact that Russia has its own vision of the ideology of conservatism. If we say that conservatism seeks to preserve something and respects tradition, we must bear in mind that traditions in different societies, which form some kind of moral imperatives, cannot be a single phenomenon due to different historical destinies and differing religious views. Considered from the point of view of religion, Muslim and Christian conservatism will be somewhat confrontational on some issues. The purpose of the work was to consider issues related to the role, evolution and prospects of conservative ideology in the political reform of modern countries. The author focuses on Russia and France. To achieve this goal, the method of in-depth interviews with experts on how they understand conservatism was chosen. Already today, conservatism is quite diverse. It is quite possible that in the future it will transform even more and acquire new reflections.

THE EFFECT OF SELF CONFIDENCE, QUALITY EDUCATION AND FAMILY ENVIRONMENT ON INDONESIAN YOUTH IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
Novita Novita ◽  
Damar Aji Irawan ◽  
Benyamin Suwitorahardjo
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

The biggest challenge faced by students nowadays and in the future, is how to deal with the increasingly high competition in the world, the increasing number of undergraduate and limited job opportunities. In this kind of situations, the students had to find a creative way and change the approach of being a university graduate looking for a job, to become scholars who can create their own jobs, or even able to create jobs for others. The purpose of this study was to determine the youth interest on entrepreneurship in Indonesia. It seems that the youth are unaware to see that the job is increasingly difficult to find nowadays. So through this study, researchers wanted to find out what causes youth in Indonesia, reluctant to become an entrepreneur. While being an entrepreneur, the youth can open or create jobs for others and can reduce the level of unemployment in Indonesia. Self-confidence is an important factor in entrepreneurship. Family environment and quality education also participate in creating interest for youth in entrepreneurship. This research is using basic research method; where researchers will try to link the theories of the existing variables. Thus, researchers can conduct research by distributing questionnaires to the youth throughout Indonesia. This study aims to determine the cause of Indonesian youth lack of interest in entrepreneurship.

The territory of the Russian Federation is a rescue from the COVID-19 coronavirus

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
Yu. Kozlov ◽  
R. Serebryakov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Power ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Spring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Large Cities ◽  
Wind Power Plants ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

A new coronavirus pandemic is raging all over the world, especially in densely populated areas. Unlike most countries, more than half of the territory of Russia is not used by humans — which means that it is possible to settle large cities to avoid crowding people on a small area. The authors of the article consider wind power, namely vortex wind power plants, as a new source of energy that can be quickly and with less harm built in rural areas. The article also discusses the possibilities of an alternative Autonomous non-volatile installation "Air spring" for obtaining fresh water from atmospheric air.

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