scholarly journals Influence of the apparent density on the shrinkage of 43 tropical wood species

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 30947
Author(s):  
Fabrício Moura Dias ◽  
Tiago Hendrigo de Almeida ◽  
Victor Almeida De Araújo ◽  
Tulio Hallak Panzera ◽  
André Luis Christoforo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Araucaria Angustifolia ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Brazilian Standard

Recently, more wood species are gaining space in market. Hence, it is important to enlarge the utilization of non-traditional woods, which shall be able to replace the most popular species, provided that similar performances are respected. In contrast, the sustainable exploitations of natural resources by timber producers demand alternatives to exchange the use of restricted or blocked tropical wood species (e.g. Araucaria angustifolia) by other timbers, which are liable for commercial certification. This research, based on the test results obtained according to the Brazilian Standard prescriptions (NBR-7190 - Annex B), aimed at evaluating the influence of the apparent density on radial and tangential shrinkages, considering the results for forty-three Brazilian tropical wood species. Usually, this parameter is regarded as necessary to define the timber species to different applications. The results showed low dependence among those variables, considering the information from the literature.

Influence of Moisture Content in some Mechanical Properties of Two Brazilian Tropical Wood Species

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 42-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz A. Melgaço N. Branco ◽  
Eduardo Chahud ◽  
André Luis Christoforo ◽  
Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr ◽  
Rosane A.G. Battistelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Fiber Saturation ◽  
Brazilian Standard

This study aimed, with the aid of analysis of variance (ANOVA), to investigate and quantify the influence of moisture ranging between 12% and over 30% (fiber saturation) on the mechanical properties: strength and modulus of elasticity in compression and in tension parallel to grain; modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity in static bending; shear strength parallel to grain considering wood species Ipê (Tabebuia sp) and Angelim Araroba (Vataireopsis araroba). Tests were performed according to the assumptions and calculating methods Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190, Anexx B, totalizing 400 tests. Results of ANOVA revealed a significant reduction (16% on average) for mechanical properties wood due to the increase in moisture content from 12% to over 30% (fiber saturation). The same behavior also occurred when assembly containing the two species was considered.

scholarly journals PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PLANCHONELLA PACHYCARPA WOOD SPECIES FOR USE IN STRUCTURAL PURPOSE

Wood Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-276
Author(s):  
Vinicius Borges De Moura Aquino ◽  
Marcus Vinicius Pereira De Freitas ◽  
Claudia Queiroz De Vasconcelos ◽  
João Paulo Boff Almeida ◽  
Felipe Nascimento Arroyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stiffness Properties ◽  
Longitudinal Elastic Modulus ◽  
Structural Purpose ◽  
Brazilian Standard

This research aimed to characterize the wood species Goiabão (Planchonella pachycarpa), following the precepts set forth in the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190, as well as to evaluate the possibility of estimating physical and mechanical properties, using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) as a function of apparent density, and also to estimate the stiffness properties as a function of the respective strength property. The physical and mechanical properties were considered adequate for the use of this wood for structural purposes, being classified in class C40. According to the results of the regression models, it is possible to estimate the tensile strength parallel to the fibers as a function of the apparent density. It was also possible to estimate the longitudinal elastic modulus in the compression parallel to the fibers as a function of the compressive strength parallel to the fibers.

Evaluation of Longitudinal Modulus of Elasticity in Wood Species for Structural Application

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 192-195
Author(s):  
Eduardo Chahud ◽  
Luiz Antônio Melgaço Nunes Branco ◽  
André Luis Christoforo ◽  
Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr ◽  
Rosane Aparecida Gomes Battistelle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Structural Application ◽  
Longitudinal Elastic Modulus ◽  
Longitudinal Modulus ◽  
Dipteryx Odorata ◽  
Brazilian Standard

1024x768 This research aimed to investigate possible differences in values of longitudinal modulus of elasticity for wood species usually employed for structural purposes, as Castanheira (Bertholletia excelsa), Cambará (Erisma uncinatum), Cumaru (Dipteryx odorata), Jatobá (Hymenaea stilbocarpa), Garapa (Apuleia leiocarpa) and Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma polyneuron), obtained from compression and tension parallel to grain, and static bending tests. Recommendations of the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190:1997, Annex B, were followed. Statistical analysis results for the cited properties, had equivalent averages for the six wood species analyzed. This confirms that any of the three tests can be used to obtain the longitudinal elastic modulus and which could avoid the necessity of evaluating stiffness values for wood by more than one kind of mechanical test. Normal 0 21 false false false PT-BR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabela normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-qformat:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}

scholarly journals DIAGNÓSTICO DA COMERCIALIZAÇÃO DE MADEIRA SERRADA NO ESTADO DE MATO GROSSO

Nativa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Leonardo Antônio De Moraes Zaque ◽  
Rafael Rodolfo de Melo ◽  
Diego Martins Stangerlin ◽  
Laercio Serenine Junior
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Timber Industry ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Tropical Wood ◽  
Main Species ◽  
A Value ◽  
Timber Trade ◽  
Sawn Timber

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o comércio madeireiro no estado de Mato Grosso, analisando as principais espécies madeireiras comercializadas e os seus principais produtos gerados. Os dados foram coletados a partir dos relatórios de Beneficiamento e Comércio de Produtos da Madeira por Espécie Florestal e disponibilizados pela Secretaria de Estado do Meio Ambiente de Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). O diagnóstico foi realizado no período entre 2007 e 2014, onde foram analisados o volume total, os valores comercializados das dez espécies mais comercializadas e dos seus produtos gerados. As dez espécies mais comercializadas (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtiveram um valor de 5,6 bilhões e um volume aproximado de 10,42 milhões de metros cúbicos no período, que corresponde a 48,60% do volume total comercializado. Os produtos analisados corresponderam a quase 36% de todos os produtos comercializáveis pelas principais espécies em volume, e em valor corresponderam a cerca de 70% do total.Palavras-chave: indústria madeireira; madeira tropical; comércio de madeiras. DIAGNOSIS OF THE COMMERCIALIZATION OF SAWN TIMBER IN THE STATE OF MATO GROSSO ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to evaluate the timber trade in the state of Mato Grosso, analyzing the main timber species traded and its main products generated. The data were collected from the reports of Beneficiation and Trade of Madeira Products by Forest Species and made available by the State Secretariat of Environment of Mato Grosso (SEMA-MT). The diagnosis was made between 2007 and 2014, where the total volume, the commercialized values of the ten most traded species and their products were analyzed. The ten most commercialized species (Erisma uncinatum Warm., Goupia glabra Aubl, Qualea albiflora Warm., Qualea paraensis Ducke, Mezilaurus itauba, Qualea sp., Hymenolobium sp., Apuleia sp., Trattinnickia sp. e Vochysia sp.) obtained a value 5.8 billion and an approximate volume of 10.42 million cubic meters in the period, which corresponds to 48.60% of the total volume traded. The products analyzed corresponded to almost 36% of all products traded by the main species in volume, and in value corresponded to about 70% of the total.Keywords: timber industry; tropical wood; timber trade.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties and Microstructural Features using Stone Dust as a Partial Replacement of Sand

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 5232-5237
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Stone Dust

Today’s world is always leads to development in technology as well as the economic growth though sometime these will affect the environment badly. That’s why world environmental commission coined the termed called sustainable development where development takes place without hampering the others’ needs. Concrete industry is rapidly growing industry in India which consumes lots of natural resources during the production of concrete. Here Stone dust is used as a sustainable material in place of sand partially. M25 grade of concrete has been chosen for the experiments. Different mechanical properties of concrete like compressive strength, Split tensile, flexural strength etc. and Microstructural features like SEM, EDX have been included in this study. Compressive Strength and flexural strength test results shown the increase in the strength. Sulphate Resistance Properties have been tested by curing the cubes in the MgSO4 solution and increase in weight has been observed. Similarities are found in the SEM pictures

scholarly journals RATIO ANALYSIS BETWEEN COMPRESSION AND SHEARING OF 72 BRAZILIAN WOOD SPECIES

Wood Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-720
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO ANTONIO ROCCO LAHR ◽  
EDUARDO CHAHUD ◽  
FELIPE NASCIMENTO ARROYO ◽  
ANDRÉ LUIS CHRISTOFORO ◽  
EDSON FERNANDO CASTANHEIRA RODRIGUES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wood Species ◽  
Ratio Analysis ◽  
Wood Structure ◽  
Brazilian Species ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Brazilian Standard

The Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 7190 (1997) governs the premises for the wood structure sizing through a table and the simplified method. Thus, this research aims to analyze whether the simplified method shown in the standard matches the resistance values of 72Brazilian species, separated from class C20 to C60. In the end, it was possible to conclude that the value displayed by the standard between theratio of shear and compressionin thedirection parallel to the fibers is half of what actually happens in Brazilian species, showing anurgent review in the standard premises.

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT WOOD SPECIES IN MAJOR SAWMILLS IN ABEOKUTA OGUN STATE NIGERIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
M. O ADEDOKUN ◽  
A. T OLAWUMI ◽  
J. A. SOAGA ◽  
S. A. OLUWALANA ◽  
I M. R. MOLOGMHE
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Percentage Frequency ◽  
Ogun State

This study involved the economic analysis of different wood species in major sawmills in Abeokuta, Ogun State Nigeria. Two stage design sampling techniques were employed for this study. Descriptive statistics and Cost and Returns were used in the data analysis. Result showed that 62.5% engaged in the business were males, 81.7% were in age group between 31-50years, 48.3% had no formal education, and 88.3% entered into the business through apprenticeship and are mostly full-time. The result also revealed that 95.83% of the saw millers or plank sellers obtain their timber from the private forest and they mostly buy per species i.e. per tree. Moreover, among the timber species that were common in the saw mills include, Albizia coriaria (ayinre) has the highest percentage frequency of 66.7%, Anogeissus leiocarpus (orin dudu) has 44.2%, Cleistopholis sp. (okedo) 32.5% and Musanga cecropioides (aga) 1.7% with the least percentage frequency. Average girth sizes of timber species in sawmill, ranged from 3.00cm- 5.60cm and the average number of plank ranged from 6-29. The business could be seen as profitable, as the cost analysis revealed the average profit for each sawmill per month  in Abeokuta North, Odeda and Abeokuta South Local Governments’ Areas to have these profits (₦982,893.75, ₦790,083.524 and ₦790,083.524) respectively. It was recommended that government policy should be reviewed against illegal felling and over-exploitation of timber by imposing/enacting stiffer penalty or law to illegal feller. Government policy should also encourage individual plantation establishment to ensure continuity of forest products for posterity.  

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