Bone Formation Effect of HA/β-TCP Composite Powders in Rabbit Calvarial Bone Defects: Histologic Study

Abstract Background Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to be secreted by various cells. In particular, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived EVs (MSC-EVs) have tissue repair capacity and anti-inflammatory properties. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which are MSCs isolated from pulp tissue, are less invasive to the body than other MSCs and can be collected from young individuals. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of EVs secreted by DPSCs (DPSC-EVs) for bone formation. Methods DPSC-EVs were isolated from the cell culture medium of DPSCs. DPSC-EVs were unilaterally injected along with collagen (COL), beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) or hydroxyapatite (HA) into rat calvarial bone defects. The effects of DPSC-EVs were analyzed by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histological observation. Results Micro-CT showed that administration of DPSC-EVs with the abovementioned scaffolds resulted in bone formation in the periphery of the defects. DPSC-EVs/COL specifically resulted in bone formation in the center of the defects. Histological observation revealed that DPSC-EVs/COL promoted new bone formation. Administration of DPSC-EVs/COL had almost the same effect on the bone defect site as transplantation of DPSCs/COL. Conclusions These results suggest that DPSC-EVs may be effective tools for bone tissue regeneration.

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Bone Formation Effect of HA/β-TCP Composite Powders in Rabbit Calvarial Bone Defects: Histologic Study

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.330-332.1331 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 330-332 ◽

pp. 1331-1334

Author(s):

Hyun Seon Jang ◽

Kwang Ho Lee ◽

Moon Jin Jeong ◽

Joo Cheol Park ◽

Heung Joong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Control Group ◽

Composite Powders ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Group Ii ◽

Osseous Defects ◽

Experimental Group

This study evaluated the histology results of surgically created bone cavities in the calvaria of rabbits that were subsequently filled with a HA/ß-TCP composite powder developed in Korea (Dentium, Korea). Ten young adult rabbits were used. Four defects were surgically produced in the calvaria of each rabbit. These defects were classified into 4 groups: the control group, no graft materials; experimental group I, normal saline + graft materials; experimental group II, venous blood + graft materials; and experimental group III, graft materials only. The defects were randomly filled with the graft materials. The rabbits were sacrificed with at 1-, 2-, 4-, 6- and 8- weeks after surgery. The histology specimens were prepared using the general method with H & E staining at a 6 ㎛ thickness. Histologically, the degree of new bone formation was similar in all experimental groups. However, for experimental group II, many cells had gathered around the graft materials 1-week after surgery, and new bone formed slightly faster and than in the other groups. No bone formation was observed in the control group. Based on histology findings, the new HA/ß- TCP composite powders appeared to act as a scaffolding material for the regeneration of osseous defects.

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ECM Inspired Coating of Embroidered 3D Scaffolds Enhances Calvaria Bone Regeneration

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/217078 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

C. Rentsch ◽

B. Rentsch ◽

S. Heinemann ◽

R. Bernhardt ◽

B. Bischoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Healing Process ◽

Biomechanical Testing ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Treated Group ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

3 Dimensional ◽

Defect Area ◽

Calvarial Defects ◽

Polymeric Implants

Resorbable polymeric implants and surface coatings are an emerging technology to treat bone defects and increase bone formation. This approach is of special interest in anatomical regions like the calvaria since adults lose the capacity to heal large calvarial defects. The present study assesses the potential of extracellular matrix inspired, embroidered polycaprolactone-co-lactide (PCL) scaffolds for the treatment of 13 mm full thickness calvarial bone defects in rabbits. Moreover the influence of a collagen/chondroitin sulfate (coll I/cs) coating of PCL scaffolds was evaluated. Defect areas filled with autologous bone and empty defects served as reference. The healing process was monitored over 6 months by combining a novel ultrasonographic method, radiographic imaging, biomechanical testing, and histology. The PCL coll I/cs treated group reached 68% new bone volume compared to the autologous group (100%) and the biomechanical stability of the defect area was similar to that of the gold standard. Histological investigations revealed a significantly more homogenous bone distribution over the whole defect area in the PCL coll I/cs group compared to the noncoated group. The bioactive, coll I/cs coated, highly porous, 3-dimensional PCL scaffold acted as a guide rail for new skull bone formation along and into the implant.

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Enhancement of bone formation in rat calvarial bone defects using low-level laser therapy

Oral Surgery Oral Medicine Oral Pathology Oral Radiology and Endodontology ◽

10.1016/j.tripleo.2003.11.008 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 97 (6) ◽

pp. 693-700 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Maawan Khadra ◽

Nesrin Kasem ◽

Hans R Haanæs ◽

Jan E Ellingsen ◽

Ståle P Lyngstadaas

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Laser Therapy ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Low Level Laser Therapy ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Low Level ◽

Low Level Laser ◽

Level Laser

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Effect of poly-L-co-D,L-lactide scaffolds combined with simvastatin and mesenchymal cells on calvarial bone defects and ectopic subcutaneous bone formation

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/conf.fbioe.2016.01.01030 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Edelmuth Stephanie ◽

Ramos Kennedy ◽

Aoki Khatharine ◽

Gaiotto Karlla ◽

M�s Bruna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Mesenchymal Cells ◽

Calvarial Bone

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RNA interfering molecule delivery from in situ forming biodegradable hydrogels for enhancement of bone formation in rat calvarial bone defects

Acta Biomaterialia ◽

10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.007 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 75 ◽

pp. 105-114 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Minh K. Nguyen ◽

Oju Jeon ◽

Phuong N. Dang ◽

Cong T. Huynh ◽

Davood Varghai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Biodegradable Hydrogels ◽

In Situ Forming ◽

Rna Interfering

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Histological Evaluation of Porous Additive-Manufacturing Titanium Artificial Bone in Rat Calvarial Bone Defects

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14185360 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (18) ◽

pp. 5360

Author(s):

Naoko Imagawa ◽

Kazuya Inoue ◽

Keisuke Matsumoto ◽

Michi Omori ◽

Kayoko Yamamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Additive Manufacturing ◽

Bone Formation ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Histological Evaluation ◽

Control Group ◽

Artificial Bone ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Mixed Acid ◽

Computed Tomography Images ◽

Heat Treated

Jaw reconstruction using an additive-manufacturing titanium artificial bone (AMTAB) has recently attracted considerable attention. The synthesis of a titanium artificial bone is based on three-dimensional computed tomography images acquired before surgery. A histological evaluation of porous AMTAB (pAMTAB) embedded in rat calvarial bone defects was conducted. This study examined three groups: rats implanted with mixed-acid and heat-treated pAMTAB, rats implanted with untreated pAMTAB, and rats with no implant. In both pAMTAB groups, bone defects were created in rat calvarial bones using a 5-mm trephine bar, followed by pAMTAB implantation. The pAMTAB was fixed to the defect using the fitting force of the surrounding bones. The rats were sacrificed at 4, 8, and 16 weeks after implantation, and the skull was dissected. Undecalcified ground slides were prepared and stained with Villanueva Goldner. Compared with the no implant control group, both pAMTAB groups exhibited new bone formation inside the defect, with greater bone formation in the mixed-acid and heat-treated pAMTAB group than in the untreated pAMTAB group, but the difference was not significant. These data suggest that pAMTAB induces bone formation after implantation in bone defects. Bone formation appears to be enhanced by prior mixed-acid and heat-treated pAMTAB.

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Bone healing in critically sized defects in rat calvaria, transplanted with chitosan alone, or associated with collagen and / or chondroitin sulfate:histological and histomorphometric pilot study

International Journal of Dentistry Research ◽

10.31254/dentistry.2021.6104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13

Author(s):

Cynthia Chemaly ◽

◽

Mireille Kallassi ◽

Rawad Samaran ◽

Roy Abou Fadel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Formation ◽

Chondroitin Sulfate ◽

Group Formation ◽

Fibrous Tissue ◽

Bone Defects ◽

Sulfate Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Calvarial Bone ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Background: Chitosan is a natural biopolymer that has gained a special interest in bone regeneration in recent years. Objective: The objective of this study is to show the bone formation obtained following a transplantation of sponges of chitosan alone, chitosan combined with chondroitin sulfate or chitosan combined with chondroitin sulfate and collagen, in rat critical calvarial bone defects. Material and Methods: 12 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 3 rats each. Critically sized bone defects were made in calvaria, and grafted by sponges of:collagen / chitosan / chondroitin (group 1), chitosan (group 2), chitosan / chondroitin sulfate (group3). Bone defects of group 4 remained empty for control. The animals were sacrificed 12 weeks after the surgery. Results: Histological analysis showed the formation of lamellar bone in the chitosan group. In the chitosan / chondroitin sulfate group, formation of a less mature bone than that of the chitosan group was also observed. However, the least bone formation was observed in the collagen / chitosan / chondroitin sulfate group. Histological sections showed the presence of fibrous tissue. The results for this group are similar to the control group. In groups 2 and 3, the materials appear completely resorbed while in group 1 the resorption of the matrix was incomplete. Conclusion: Despite the size of the sample, this study has shown that chitosan alone or in combination with chondroitin sulfate promotes bone formation. On the other hand, the combination chitosan / chondroitin sulfate / collagen showed a negative result.

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