Analysis of Dynamic Load Level of High-Speed Heavy Vehicle Imposed on Uneven Pavement

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Guo He Guo ◽  
Yu Feng Bai ◽  
Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Factor Interaction

Based on the significant destructive effect of heavy vehicle on uneven roads, two simplified models of pavement unevenness and vehicle dynamic load were established in accordance with D'A lembert principle, and Matlab software was used to analyze the changing law of dynamic load under the conditions of different road unevenness, vehicle speed and load. The results show that vehicles running on uneven road may produce more cumulative damages than static load, and DLC (dynamic load coefficient) changes in wide range, maximum up to 2.0 or more; the effect of speed and load on dynamic load is complex, and due to multi-factor interaction, DLC doesn’t consistently increase or decrease with speed and load increasing. Although the dynamic load level caused by high-speed heavy vehicle is not necessarily too high, its impact on the road can not be ignored.

Study on the Dynamic Wheel Load of Multi-Axle Vehicle Based on Distribute Loading Weight

2010 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Zhong Hong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Wheel Load ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Roughness ◽  
Tire Stiffness ◽  
On The Road

To study the dynamic wheel load on the road, a dynamic multi-axle vehicle mode has been developed, which is based on distribute loading weight and treats tire stiffness as the function of tire pressure and wheel load. Taking a tractor-semitrailer as representative, the influence factors and the influence law of the dynamic load were studied. It is found that the load coefficient increases with the increase of road roughness, vehicle speed and tire pressure, yet it decreases with the increase of axle load. Combining the influences of road roughness, vehicle speed, axle load and tire pressure, the dynamic load coefficient is 1.14 for the level A road, 1.19 for the level B road, 1.27 for the level C road, and 1.36 for the level D road.

scholarly journals Shared intelligent optimum route selection through traffic management system in VANET– SIRS

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1.2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Mukund B Wagh ◽  
N. Gomathi
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Relay Node ◽  
Signal Strength ◽  
Delivery Ratio ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
The Road ◽  
Vehicle Mobility ◽  
On The Road

A Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) consists of the vehicle to vehicle and vehicle to roadside communication. Growing the density of the vehicles on the road causes flooding while transferring packets from a source to one or multiple destinations over a VANET. However, increasing vehicles on road may causes a problem such as redundancy, congestion, collision and increasing delay though receiving emergency warnings. As long as reliable and proficient multi-hop broadcast in vehicular ad hoc networks is challenging one. In the proposed system commence a new protocol which uses the character of elegant route establishment and selection method for transfer information to the destination (dst) with minimum redundancy, delay and highest bits per second delivery. In some environment vehicles are deployed in a dense manner, and it can move at a high speed. Adjacent Access Points (APs) on the road find out route information from their past report gatherings which use a fuzzy logic to select routing conclusion. This approach consists of isolating the whole network area into clusters. Based on which an optimized route is chosen using the input parameters as vehicle density, distance from the adjacent AP, vehicle mobility, receiving signal strength and delay should be jointly measured in the relay node selection. Though, these computation conflicts with each other depend on vehicle mobility. Hence, we employ fuzzy logic to handle this imprecise information to select forwarding vehicles by mutually taking into account of vehicle distance (d), mobility (v) and Receiving Signal Strength (RSS). The selected vehicle can provide an assure data forwarding with a high competence. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated on the metrics such as end-to-end delay, packet delivery ratio by varying vehicle speed, and density of vehicles.

scholarly journals Interference Rejection Combining Approach in Vehicle Communication Systems for Throughput Enhancement

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Yun-joong Park ◽  
Sang-mo Sung ◽  
Joon-young Kim ◽  
Jae-il Jung
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Interference Suppression ◽  
Wave System ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Interference Rejection ◽  
Performance Gain ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Performance

In this paper, we present interference rejection combining scheme for interference suppression in wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE) system. WAVE system performances depend on interference traffic since various signals and noises are present due to various vehicles on the road. The IRC scheme can minimize the interference presence from the received signal within the massive interference condition, resulting in the substantial gain of signal-to-interference and noise ratios (SINR) and performance. Based on the experiment of our proposed scheme, given the vehicle speed, SINR and different channel condition, our proposed scheme for interference suppression achieved significant improvements by 2 dB SINR performance gain in the low speed condition and above 0.5 dB performance gain at the high speed case. To extend our scheme for the comprehensive analysis, we also produced the vehicle speed and SINR performance map, which showed the performance pattern over vehicle speed and SINR of our scheme.

scholarly journals RCVC: RSU-Aided Cluster-Based Vehicular Clouds Architecture for Urban Areas

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ben bezziane ◽  
Ahmed Korichi ◽  
Chaker Abdelaziz Kerrache ◽  
Mohamed el Amine Fekair
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Service Discovery ◽  
Cluster Head ◽  
Experimental Comparison ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Side Unit ◽  
End To End Delay ◽  
End To End ◽  
On The Road

As a promising topic of research, Vehicular Cloud (VC) incorporates cloud computing and ad-hoc vehicular network (VANET). In VC, supplier vehicles provide their services to consumer vehicles in real-time. These services have a significant impact on the applications of internet access, storage and data. Due to the high-speed mobility of vehicles, users in consumer vehicles need a mechanism to discover services in their vicinity. Besides this, quality of service varies from one supplier vehicle to another; thus, consumer vehicles attempt to pick out the most appropriate services. In this paper, we propose a novel protocol named RSU-aided Cluster-based Vehicular Clouds protocol (RCVC), which constructs the VC using the Road Side Unit (RSU) directory and Cluster Head (CH) directory to make the resources of supplier vehicles more visible. While clusters of vehicles that move on the same road form a mobile cloud, the remaining vehicles form a different cloud on the road side unit. Furthermore, the consumption operation is achieved via the service selection method, which is managed by the CHs and RSUs based on a mathematical model to select the best services. Simulation results prove the effectiveness of our protocol in terms of service discovery and end-to-end delay, where we achieved service discovery and end-to-end delay of 3 × 10−3 s and 13 × 10−2 s, respectively. Moreover, we carried out an experimental comparison, revealing that the proposed method outperformed several states of the art protocols.

scholarly journals Cycling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk-Jan Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Space ◽  
History Of ◽  
On The Road

In an effort to fight climate change, many cities try to boost their cycling levels. They often look towards the Dutch for guidance. However, historians have only begun to uncover how and why the Netherlands became the premier cycling country of the world. Why were Dutch cyclists so successful in their fight for a place on the road? Cycling Pathways: The Politics and Governance of Dutch Cycling Infrastructure, 1920-2020 explores the long political struggle that culminated in today’s high cycling levels. Delving into the archives, it uncovers the important role of social movements and shows in detail how these interacted with national, provincial, and urban engineers and policymakers to govern the distribution of road space and construction of cycling infrastructure. It discusses a wide range of topics, ranging from activists to engineering committees, from urban commuters to recreational cyclists and from the early 1900s to today in order to uncover the long and all-but-forgotten history of Dutch cycling governance.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Effects of Heavy Vehicles on Roads in Southern and Northern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. C. Osadebe ◽  
H. A. Quadri
Keyword(s):  
Northern Region ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Traffic Volume ◽  
Southern Region ◽  
Heavy Vehicle ◽  
Heavy Vehicles ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
The Road ◽  
Equivalency Factors ◽  
On The Road

The prevalence of flexible pavement deterioration in the country has been adduced largely by highway researchers to trucks or heavy vehicles carrying much in excess of permitted legal limits. This study investigated levels of deterioration of Abuja-Kaduna-Kano road (Northern region) and Port Harcourt-Enugu road (Southern region) caused by heavy vehicles through a 14 day traffic counts conducted at 5 strategic points each in the Northern and Southern regions. Traffic data generated were analyzed with AASHTO Design Guidelines (1993) to evaluate Equivalent Single Axle Loads (ESALs) and Vehicle Damage effects on the road. The Traffic Volume, Average Daily Traffic (ADT), and Heavy Vehicle per day (HV/day) were estimated to be 2,063,977; 147,427; and 12,246 respectively in the Northern region, while in the Southern region they were estimated to be 750,381; 53,670; and 20,951 respectively. Motorcycles, Passenger cars, Mini-buses/Pick-ups, and Heavy vehicles constitute 18.7%, 49.7%, 23.3% and 8.31% of the total traffic volume respectively in the Northern region while in the South they constitute 4.6%, 30.1%, 26.2% and 39.1% respectively. ESALs were estimated according to AASHTO Design Guidelines in the Northern and Southern regions as 547,730 and 836,208 respectively. An average Load Equivalency Factors (LEFs) of 3.43 and 3.02 were estimated for each heavy vehicle plying the Northern and Southern roads respectively and this could explain some failures (alligator cracks, potholes, depressions, linear or longitudinal cracks along the centre line amongst others) inherent on the road.

Mobile Learning Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane M. Gayeski
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
Social Environments ◽  
The Road ◽  
Powerful Learning ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Internet Connections

While educational and corporate training environments have made large investments in getting wired to high-speed Internet connections, our work and social environments are rapidly becoming more mobile and flexible. The Internet and organizationally based intranets are powerful learning and performance tools, as long as users have a high-speed connection and up-to-date computing equipment. Online learning and information is not nearly as convenient or reliable when learners need to access sites from their homes, hotel rooms, client locations, or while on the road. In corporate settings, large numbers of critical employees such as factory engineers, health care professionals, builders, and maintenance workers often do not even have offices in which to use a computer.

A Laboratory Method to Comprehensively Evaluate Abrasion, Traction and Rolling Resistance of Tire Tread Compounds

2007 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 580-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Heinz ◽  
K. A. Grosch
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Slip Angle ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Side Force ◽  
The Road ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
On The Road

Abstract A laboratory test method has been developed which allows the evaluation of diverse properties of tire tread compounds on the same sample. The laboratory test instrument consists of a rotating abrasive disk against which a rubber sample wheel runs under a given load, slip angle and speed. All three force components acting on the wheel during the tests are recorded. By changing the variable values over a wide range practically all severities encountered in tire wear are covered. The well-known fact that compound ratings depend on the road testing conditions is verified. Most compounds are only significantly distinguishable against a control over a limited range of testing conditions. Using a road test simulation computer program based on the laboratory data shows that not only ratings correspond to practical experience but also calculated absolute tire life times do. Tests on surfaces of different coarseness and sharpness indicate that sharp coarse surfaces give the best results with road tests, which of necessity are mostly carried out on public roads of differing constitution. The abrasive surface can be wetted with water at different temperatures and hence either the friction force at a locked wheel or the side force at a slipping wheel can be measured over a wide range of temperatures and speeds. At small slip angles the side force is dominated by dynamic cornering stiffness of the compound, at large slip angles by the friction coefficient. In this case, too, good correlations to road experience exist over a limited range of testing conditions. Low water temperatures and low slip speed settings in the laboratory produce side force ratings, which correlate closely with ABS braking on the road High and higher slip speeds give ratings in close agreement with locked wheel braking on the road. A heatable/coolable disk enables traction measurements on ice and newly abrasion measurements on surfaces at elevated surface temperature. Ice surface temperatures between −5 °C and −25 °C are possible. Friction measurements show that the difference in compound rating between summer and winter compounds is maintained over the whole temperature range. New investigations show not only a differentiation between different winter tire treads qualities but also an excellent correlation between tire and laboratory results. As a new topic side force measurements on dry surfaces highlight the correlation to dry handling of tires. The tire tread compound contributes to this performance through its shear stiffness and its friction coefficient. The shear stiffness contributes to the response of the tire in directional changes. The friction coefficient determines the maximum force, which can be transmitted. A simple operation possibility for evaluation of determined side forces is demonstrated. In addition to antecedent investigations the rolling resistance of the rubber wheel can be measured over a range of loads and speeds with the slip angle set at zero. Again for these new results good correlations are achieved with practical experience. In particular, the dependence of the rolling resistance on the velocity and loads are pointed out. Ultimately a good correlation between tire test and laboratory test results was demonstrated.

scholarly journals THE BITUMEN BATCHING SYSTEM'S MODERNIZATION AND ITS EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS AT THE ASPHALT MIXING PLANT

Transport ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justas Bražiūnas ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
The Road ◽  
Weighted Matrix ◽  
Bitumen Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On The Road ◽  
And Performance

Some particular aspects such as the improvement methods of technological parameters for hot bitu‐ men storage in a pipeline transport system, transportation and dosed supply to batch asphalt mixing plant (AMP) are evaluated in this paper. Bitumen in asphalt concrete binds together the material of mineral particles into a strong conglomerate of a complicated structure, capable of withstanding the destructive effect of vehicles and the factors on the road pavements. The optimal amount of bitumen determined by calculation and laboratory testing should be maintained in mix batches of hot‐mix asphalt (HMA) obtained from AMP mixer. In the periodic type of the asphalt concrete blender mass of the weighted matrix in the all merging batcher's tanks should correspond in percents equally in the HMA to the designed amount of the job‐mix formula (JMF). The bitumen batcher does not always weigh bitumen portions precisely. Their mass deviations from the amount determined by JMF and its variation impair HMA composition and performance. In addition,, an additive model for calculating the effect of factors causing the variance of bitumen content in the produced HMA mixture is presented in this current paper as well. The data on statistical evaluation of bitumen batcher's modernization performed at certain Lithuanian Enterprise are discussed. The differences in structures of reconstructed and not reconstructed bitumen batching systems (BBS) are analysed and methods of determining modernization effectiveness are presented. The effectiveness of BBS is analysed too, defining the deviations of bitumen content in subsamples, taken and extracted everyday for two seasons (before and after the batcher's modernization) of HMA mixture production from the value of JMF and comparing them to the values of tolerances. The analysis of column charts and histograms shows that the made modernization helped to increase the precision of supplying the required amount of bitumen to HMA mixture insignificantly. However, the control of BBS has been considerably increased.

Effects of Speed Bumps and Humps on Motorcycle Speed Profiles

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 536-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wichuda Satiennam ◽  
Thaned Satiennam ◽  
Pornsiri Urapa ◽  
Tussawan Phacharoen
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Passenger Car ◽  
The Road ◽  
Acceleration Rate ◽  
Major Mode ◽  
Before And After ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Speed Humps

In developed countries, the use of speed humps and bumps have evolved from extensive research and testing which been properly designed and standardized. On the contrary in developing countries, no systematic and scientific studies have been carried out on that environment, especially the study on the effects that the motorcyclists response to the humps and bumps. This study therefore reveals the riders behavior when negotiating their speed to the devices. A case study was conducted in the provincial cities of Thailand where the motorcycle was a major mode of transportation. Six locations with speed humps and bumps were selected. Vehicles passing times were simultaneously recorded at 12 points along each traffic calmed link. From these data, a speed profile for each individual vehicle and for a link could be derived. It is found that speed humps and bumps have critically different impacts on motorcycle rider and passenger car driver. The smaller size speed bumps could effectively control the rider speed but have diverse impacts on the driver. These speed differences could post more safety deficiency to the site. The effect of the device on riders behavior, however, is restricted to a short spatial range (about 20-30 m before and after the device). For the speed humps, the motorcycle speeds are quite varied depending mainly on the road terrain. It is found that the motorcyclists have significant lower acceleration rate on the upgrade terrain when compared to the passenger car. Therefore, it is important to take all these rider characteristics into considerations when design the road humps to control vehicle speed in the developing countries.

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