Effect of Aloin on the Soluble Sugars Metabolism and Flavor Quality Keeping of Gonggan

2011 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
Jian Liang Liu ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
Shi Lun Xu ◽  
Pei Peng Xu ◽  
Ying De Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flavor Quality ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Content Change ◽  
Variation Patterns

Gonggan（Citrus sinensis Osb. ‘Deqing Gonggan’）is a natural hybrid citrus from Guangdong province. To understand conflicting relationships between the change of flavor quality and total soluble solids and titratable acid contents of Gonggan fruits and study the method of flavor quality keeping at room temperature, we investigated that the flavor quality keeping role of aloin and its effects on soluble sugars contents, and acid invertase activity of Gonggan fruits. The results in this paper show that the change of flavor quality can be evaluated through soluble sugars（sucrose, glucose, fructose）contents, and also not through total soluble solids and titratable acid contents. Aloin reduced the changes of the inclusion contents of Gonggan fruits during storage, extended the flavor quality period from 7 to 15 days, changed the variation patterns of total soluble solids, soluble sugars（sucrose, glucose, fructose）contents and acid invertase activity from s-type of control into half-s-shaped. Its role in flavor quality keeping effect on fructose content change of Gonggan fruits is discussed.

scholarly journals Modification of Petunia Seedling Carbohydrate Partitioning by Irradiance

1992 ◽  
Vol 117 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-480
Author(s):  
David F. Graper ◽  
Will Healy
Keyword(s):  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Relative Growth

Petunia × hybrida Villm. `Red Flash' plants received either 10 or 20 mol·day-1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) in growth chambers at: 175 μmol·m-2·s-1 for 16 hours, 350 μmol·m-2·s-1 for 8 or 16 hours, or 350 μmol·m-2 s-1 for 8 hours plus 8 hours of incandescent photoperiod extension (5 μmol·m-2·s-1 PPF). The irradiation components of peak, total, and duration were examined. Doubling total PPF increased total carbohydrate (CHO) production by 60%, seedling dry weight (DW) by 30%, rate of seedling growth by 25%, and acid invertase activity by 50% compared to the other treatments, once the seedlings had reached the two-leaf stage. Seedlings receiving 20 mol·day-1 PPF partitioned 14% more CHO into ethanol soluble sugars rather than starch, which may explain the increase in relative growth rate observed with supplemental irradiance treatments. Extending the photoperiod for 8 hours with 5 μmol·m-2·s-1 PPF reduced total CHO production by 50% compared to the same treatment without photoperiodic lighting. Treatment with 350 μmol·m-2·s-1 for 8 hours resulted in the highest O2 evolution (8.8 μmol O2/min per dm2). Increasing the photoperiod from 8 to 16 hours gave the lowest rate of O2 evolution (4.5 μmol O2/min per dm2). Previous reports of the importance of photosynthetic period in controlling partitioning between starch and sugars may have simply observed a decreasing rate of starch accumulation due to increased total PPF.

scholarly journals Características físicas, químicas e físico-químicas dos frutos da murta

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Dyalla Ribeiro de Araujo ◽  
Eliseu Marlônio Pereira de Lucena ◽  
Josivanda Palmeira Gomes ◽  
Rossana Maria Feitosa de Figueirêdo ◽  
Érllens Eder Silva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physico Chemical

<p>O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as características físicas, químicas e físico-químicas dos frutos da murta (<em>Eugenia gracillima </em>Kiaersk.) no estádio de maturação “maduro”. Os frutos de murta foram colhidos em área de vegetação nativa, na propriedade rural da família Lermen, localizada na Serra dos Paus Dóias - Chapada do Araripe, município de Exu, PE. Após a colheita, os frutos foram transportados para o Laboratório de Ecofisiologia Vegetal da Universidade Estadual do Ceará, para a realização das análises físicas, químicas e físico-químicas: coloração da casca; diâmetros longitudinal e transversal; massas fresca, seca e de água e teor de água; sólidos solúveis totais (SST), acidez total titulável (ATT), pH, relação SST/ATT, carboidratos (amido, açúcares solúveis totais, açúcares redutores e açúcares não redutores); vitamina C; pectinas; fenólicos; antocianinas; flavonoides amarelos e carotenoides. Os frutos da murta (<em>Eugenia gracillima </em>Kiaersk.) são relativamente pequenos com formato levemente ovalado e com coloração 100% violeta quando maduros. Apresentaram ótima qualidade para consumo pelo conteúdo dos sólidos solúveis totais (15,08 °Brix), relação SST/ATT (18,37), açúcares solúveis totais (11,61%) e açúcares redutores (7,80%), como também são frutos ricos em vitamina C (160,62 mg/100 g de massa fresca do fruto) e antioxidantes.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Physical and physico-chemical fruits characteristics of myrtle</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>The present work aimed to study the physical, chemical and physico-chemical fruits characteristics of myrtle (<em>Eugenia gracillima</em> Kiaersk.) in maturation stage "mature". The fruits of myrtle were collected in an area of native vegetation in rural Lermen family property, located in the Serra dos Paus Dóias - Araripe, municipality of Exu, PE. After harvest, the fruits were transported to the Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Ceará State University, to the achievement of physical, chemical and physico-chemical analysis: peel color; longitudinal and transverse diameters; fresh, dry mass and water content and water; total soluble solids (TSS), titulable total acidity (TTA), pH, TSS/TTA, carbohydrates (starch, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and non reducing sugars, vitamin C, pectins, phenolics, anthocyanins, yellow flavonoids and carotenoids. The myrtle fruit (<em>Eugenia gracillima</em> Kiaersk.) are relatively small with slightly oval in shape and staining with 100% purple when ripe. Showed excellent quality for consumption for the content of total soluble solids (15.08°Brix), TSS/TTA (18.37), total soluble sugars (11.61%) and reducing sugar (7.80%), as well fruits are rich in vitamin C (160.62 mg/100 g fresh weight of fruit) and antioxidants.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Physico-chemical qualities of honey harvested from different beehive types in Zambia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (57) ◽  
pp. 7415-7427
Author(s):  
V Nyau ◽  
◽  
EP Mwanza ◽  
HB Moonga ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
The Government

Beekeeping is one of the income generating activities in many parts of the rural areas of Zambia and is being promoted by both the government and nongovernmental organizations. The main benefit of beekeeping is the production of honey and beeswax which are valuable sources of income for the small-holder farmers. Honey is a sweet liquid gathered by honey bees from nectar or other secretions of plants which they transform by addition of enzymes and evaporation of water. Beekeeping also plays an important role in protecting the natural environment and gives the communities other economic benefits from the forests as they have a vested interest in protecting trees that are a source for their honey. In the recent past, Zambian farmers involved in this beekeeping have adopted modern bee keeping approaches that involve the use of modern beehives such as the log, mud, standard wood and adjusted wood as opposed to the traditional bark type. In order to ascertain the effect of the beehive type on the quality, honey harvested from these beehives in Kapiri Mposhi area of Zambia was investigated for selected quality characteristics. The investigated parameters included ash, moisture, pH, total soluble solids and soluble sugars. Ash content of the honey is important because it represents its mineral content and forms part of proximate analysis for nutritional evaluation. The ash content ranged from 0.198 and 0.271%, pH 4.26 and 4.44, moisture 14.9 and 16.4%, total soluble solids 83.6 and 85.7% and soluble sugar 81.6 and 83.4%. The findings from the study demonstrated that the beehive type did not have a significant (P > 0.05) effect on all the selected quality characteristics investigated. Furthermore, comparisons of the findings on honey quality characteristics to the guidelines stipulated by the Codex Alimentarius and European Union (EU) standards showed conformity to these standards.

Study on Effect of High Oxygen Treatment on Storage Quality and Anti-Browning of Fresh-Cut Apples

2014 ◽  
Vol 511-512 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Chuan Zhu Leng ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Si Xin Wang ◽  
Xi Hong Li ◽  
Lan Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Quality ◽  
High Oxygen ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Storage Quality ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Oxygen Treatment ◽  
Fresh Cut

The effect of high oxygen treatment on quality of Fuji fresh-cut apples during 24 days of storage at 4°C was investigated. Results indicated that the high oxygen could significantly inhibit the browning as well as keep the sensory quality of fresh-cut apples. Moreover, the treatment of 100% oxygen for 5 days better maintained the color and firmness, also with higher contents of the total soluble solids and titratable acid of fresh-cut apples, compared to the other treatments.

scholarly journals Possible role of growth regulators in adaptation to heat stress affecting partitioning of photosynthates in tomato plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zofia Starck ◽  
Elżbieta Cieśla
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Different Response

Tomato plants of two cultivars: Roma - sensitive and Robin - tolerant to heat stress were grown in greenhouse up to the flowering stage and then under controlled environmen­tal conditions. The partitioning of recently fixed <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> by mature tomato leaves was examined as a posteffect of 24-h heat stress (38/25°C day/night) with the interaction of growth regulators (GR) sprayed on the flowers with solution of β-naphthoxyacetic (NOA) and gibberellic (GA<sub>3</sub>) acid (denoted as NG), or Zeatin + NOA + GA<sub>3</sub> (denoted as ZNG). In both cuitivars GR strongly stimulated fruit growth and transport of <sup>14</sup>C-photosynthates to the clusters at the expense of vegetative organs. Heat stress decreased export of <sup>14</sup>C-phoiosynthates from the blades in plants not treated with GR, but even more in cv. Roma. In Roma plants not treated with GR (with very small fruitlets and fruits) the heat stress retarded <sup>14</sup>C-transport just in the petioles, diminishing the <sup>14</sup>C-supply to the fruits. Reduction of the current photosynthate supplied to the fruits seems to be causally connected with inhibition of the specific activity of acid invertase in that organ. Growth regulators reduced the negative effect of high temperature - they alleviated depression of <sup>14</sup>C-export from the blades and increased invertase activity. <sup>14</sup>C-photosynthate transport to the fruits, presumably owing to their higher sink strength, was less affected by heat stress. In Robin plants (which had bigger fruits during the experiment) high temperature depressed <sup>14</sup>C-fruit supply only in the NG-series, in contrast to enhacement of <sup>14</sup>C-Movement to that sink in the control and ZNG-series. In spite of these facts, after heat stress, the specific activity of acid invertase decreased in all the experimental series, but much less in the GR-treated series. Therefore, in the Robin cv. there was no relation between invertase activity and <sup>14</sup>C-mobilization by fruits, as was observed in Roma plants. The possible explanation of the different response of the two cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to heat stress; with special reference to the role of GR; diminishing injury of the plants by high temperature is discussed.

Activity of sucrose synthase and soluble acid invertase following germination of pinyon (Pinusedulis) seeds

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 442-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Brad Murphy ◽  
Mark R. Rutter ◽  
Mark F. Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Synthase ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Acid Invertase ◽  
Radicle Emergence ◽  
Soluble Acid ◽  
Starch Conversion ◽  
High Degree

The developmental pattern and relative activities of sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) and soluble acid invertase (EC 3.2.1.26), and the associated contents of sucrose and hexoses, were analyzed in the cotyledons, hypocotyl, and radicle of pinyon (Pinusedulis Engelm.) seedlings following radicle emergence. Sucrose synthase activity did not appear to be correlated with organ growth, but showed a close association with sucrose content. Conversely, there was a high degree of correlation between soluble acid invertase activity and growth of the various organs. Hexose content also was correlated with the level of invertase activity. Thus, soluble acid invertase appeared to be directly involved in providing respiratory and biosynthetic substrates in growing organs, while the role of sucrose synthase was less clear, being more active in tissues that are involved in sucrose import and transport and possibly sucrose to starch conversion.

scholarly journals Sugar Metabolism and Relative Enzyme Activities during Fruit Development and Ripening of Papaya

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 443C-443
Author(s):  
Lili Zhou ◽  
Robert E. Paull
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Metabolism ◽  
Invertase Activity ◽  
Acid Invertase ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Sucrose Synthetase ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Days After Anthesis

This study examined the relationship between the activity of fruit enzymes involved in metabolizing sucrose and sugar accumulation during fruit development, to clarify the role of these key enzymes in sugar accumulation in papaya fruit. Papaya fruit (Carica papaya L. cv. Sunset) were harvested from 14 to 140 days after anthesis (DAA). Fruit dry matter persent, total soluble solids (TSS), and sugar composition and the activity of enzymes: sucrose phosphate synthetase (SPS), sucrose synthetase (SS), and acid invertase were measured. `Sunset' papaya matured 140 days after anthesis during the Hawaii summer season and in about 180 days in cool season on the same plant. Fruit flesh dry matter persent, TSS, and total sugar did not significantly increase until 30 days before harvest. Sucrose synthetase was very high 2 weeks post-anthesis, then decreased to less than one-third in 42 to 56 DAA, then remained relatively low during the rest of fruit development. Seven to 14 days before fruit maturation, SS increased about 30% at the same time as sucrose accumulation in the fruit. Acid invertase activity was very low in the young fruit and increased more than 10-fold 42 to 14 days before maturation. SPS activity remained very low throughout the fruit development and was about 40% higher in mature-green fruit. The potential roles of invertase and sucrose synthetase in sugar accumulation will be discussed.

scholarly journals Correlation between fruit weight and nutritional metabolism during development in CPPU-treated Actinidia chinensis ‘Hongyang’

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9724
Author(s):  
Guo-liang Qiu ◽  
Qi-guo Zhuang ◽  
Yu-fei Li ◽  
Si-yu Li ◽  
Cun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Actinidia Chinensis ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Titratable Acid ◽  
Nutritional Qualities ◽  
Sugar Levels

Forchlorfenuron, N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N-phenylurea (CPPU), is often used to promote fruit growth and improve production. The role of CPPU in kiwifruit growth has been established. However, the correlation between fruit weight and nutritional metabolism during development after CPPU treatments remains largely undetermined. Here, we surveyed the variations in weight and nutrient components of the ‘Hongyang’ kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) when CPPU was sprayed on fruit 25 days after anthesis. The CPPU application did not significantly influence the dry matter, soluble solids, starch, vitamin C or protein concentrations. However, the fresh weight, length and maximum diameter were significantly increased compared with the control. Moreover, in fruit of the same developmental stage, the fructose, glucose and soluble sugar levels increased after the CPPU treatment, compared with the control. On the contrary, citric, quinic and titratable acid concentrations decreased. However, a correlation analysis between fresh weight and the nutritional contents revealed that CPPU did not affect the concentrations of the most abundant organic acids (quinic and citric) and sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose), compared with control fruit of the same weight. Therefore, CPPU applications enhance ‘Hongyang’ kiwifruit weight/size. However, there were no significant differences in the nutritional qualities of treated and untreated fruit having the same weights.

scholarly journals Postharvest Attributes of `Virosa' Tomato Fruit Produced in an Enriched Carbon Dioxide Environment

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hossein Behboudian ◽  
Colin Tod
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Ethylene Production ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Ripening

The effect of preharvest CO2 enrichment (1000 μl·liter–1) on postharvest quality of tomato fruit (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. `Virosa') was studied with an emphasis on soluble sugars, ripening, and mineral composition. High-CO2 fruit had higher concentrations of sucrose, glucose, fructose, and total soluble solids than ambient-CO2 fruit. High-CO2 fruit also ripened more slowly and was characterized by lower respiration and ethylene production rates than ambient-CO2 fruit. Concentrations of N, P, and K were lower in the high-CO2 fruit than in the ambient-CO2 fruit, whereas those of S, Ca, and Mg were the same for both treatments. Preharvest CO2 enrichment of `Virosa' tomato enhances fruit desirability in terms of slower postharvest ripening and higher concentrations of soluble sugars and total soluble solids.

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