Study on the Microstructure and Properties of Low Cost TiFeAl Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 477-478 ◽  
pp. 1288-1292
Author(s):  
Bo Long Li ◽  
Tong Liu ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Zuo Ren Nie
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Al Alloys ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solution Strengthening

The high strength and low cost Ti-Fe based alloy was produced by double vacuum induction melting method followed by hot deformation. The microstructure has been investigated by Optical Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The microstructure of as-forged alloy is composed of α and β phase without the precipitation of TiFe intermetallic compound. The Ti-Fe-Al alloys show good comprehensive mechanical properties, demonstrating ultimate tensile strength of 1100MPa and elongation above10%. The results indicate the Fe is a good candidate for solution strengthening and simultaneously increasing ductility in titanium alloys. Effect of the Fe and Al elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties have been discussed.

scholarly journals Strengthening of a Near β-Ti Alloy through β Grain Refinement and Stress-Induced α Precipitation

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 4255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Kangtun Feng ◽  
Yongcheng Lin ◽  
Xiaoyong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Strength And Ductility ◽  
Α Particles

Near β-Ti alloys with high strength and good ductility are desirable for application in aviation and aerospace industries. Nevertheless, strength and ductility are usually mutually exclusive in structural materials. Here we report a new thermo-mechanical process, that is, the alloy was cross-rolled in β field then aged at 600 °C for 1 h. By such a process, a high strength (ultimate tensile strength: 1480 MPa) and acceptable ductility (elongation: 10%) can be simultaneously achieved in the near β-Ti alloy, based on the microscale β matrix and nanoscale α phase. The microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanisms have been clarified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the grain size of the β phase progressively decreased with the increasing of rolling reduction. Moreover, dense dislocation structures and martensite phases distributed in the cross-rolled β matrix can effectively promote the precipitation of nanoscale α particles. TEM analyses confirmed that a heat-treatment twin was generated in the newly formed α lath during aging. These findings provide insights towards developing Ti alloys with optimized mechanical properties.

Synthesis and Forming of Titanium Matrix Composites by Casting Route

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Si Young Sung ◽  
Bong Jae Choi ◽  
Young Jig Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Melting Furnace ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Titanium Matrix ◽  
Titanium Matrix Composites ◽  
Electron Probe Micro Analyzer ◽  
Transmission Electron

The aim of this study is to evaluated the possibility of the in-situ synthesized (TiC+TiB) reinforced titanium matrix composites (TMCs) for the application of structural materials. In-situ synthesis and casting of TMCs were carried out in a vacuum induction melting furnace with Ti and B4C. The synthesized TMCs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, an electron probe micro-analyzer and transmission electron microscopy, and evaluated through thermodynamic calculations. The spherical TiC plus needle-like and large, many-angled facet TiB reinforced TMCs can be synthesized with Ti and B4C by a melting route.

Influences of Solution Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of near α Titanium Alloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
Chao Tan ◽  
Zi Yong Chen ◽  
Zhi Lei Xiang ◽  
Xiao Zhao Ma ◽  
Zi An Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
New Type

A new type of Ti-Al-Sn-Zr-Mo-Si series high temperature titanium alloy was prepared by a water-cooled copper crucible vacuum induction melting method, and its phase transition point was determined by differential thermal analysis to be Tβ = 1017 °C. The influences of solution temperature on the microstructures and mechanical properties of the as-forged high temperature titanium alloy were studied. XRD results illustrated that the phase composition of the alloy after different heat treatments was mainly α phase and β phase. The microstructures showed that with the increase of the solution temperature, the content of the primary α phase gradually reduced, the β transformation structure increased by degrees, then, the number and size of secondary α phase increased obviously. The tensile results at room temperature (RT) illustrated that as the solution temperature increased, the strength of the alloy gradually increased, and the plasticity decreased slightly. The results of tensile test at 650 °C illustrated that the strength of the alloy enhanced with the increase of solution temperature, the plasticity decreased first and then increased, when the solution temperature increased to 1000 °C, the alloy had the best comprehensive mechanical properties, the tensile strength reached 714.01 MPa and the elongation was 8.48 %. Based on the room temperature and high temperature properties of the alloy, the best heat treatment process is finally determined as: 1000 °C/1 h/AC+650 °C/6 h/AC.

scholarly journals Influence of Inclusions on the Mechanical Properties of RAFM Steels Via Y and Ti Addition

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu ◽  
Zhan ◽  
Li ◽  
Yang ◽  
Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Particle ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Pinning Force ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Pinning Effect ◽  
Austenite Grain ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Rafm Steel

The effects of the Y- and Ti-containing inclusions on the tensile and impact properties of reduced activation ferritic martensitic (RAFM) steels were evaluated. Four steels with different Y and Ti contents were produced via vacuum induction melting. The size and quantity of inclusions in the steels were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, and the oxide particle formation mechanism was clarified. These inclusions helped to enhance the pinning effect of the austenite grain boundaries based on the Zener pinning force. The average prior austenite grain sizes, measured via the linear intercept method, were 12.34 (0 wt.% Ti), 9.35 (0.010 wt.% Ti), 10.22 (0.030 wt.% Ti), and 11.83 (0.050 wt.% Ti) μm for the four steels, in order of increasing Ti content, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was conducted to observe the fine carbides. The strength and impact properties of the steel containing 0.010 wt.% Ti were improved, and the ductile-to-brittle-transition temperature was reduced to −70.5 °C. The tensile strength and impact toughness of the steel with 0.050 wt.% Ti were significantly reduced due to the coarsening of both the inclusions and grain size, as well as the precipitation of large TiN inclusions. The RAFM steel with approximately 0.015 wt.% Y and 0.010 wt.% Ti exhibited an optimized combination of microstructures, tensile properties, and impact properties among the four steels.

Effect of Processing Route on Mechanical Behavior of C-Mn Multiphase High Strength Cold Rolled Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 4375-4380
Author(s):  
Dagoberto Brandão Santos ◽  
Élida G. Neves ◽  
Elena V. Pereloma
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Accelerated Cooling ◽  
Microstructural Parameters ◽  
Transmission Electron

The multiphase steels have complex microstructures containing polygonal ferrite, martensite, bainite, carbide and a small amount of retained austenite. This microstructure provides these steels with a high mechanical strength and good ductility. Different thermal cycles were simulated in the laboratory in order to create the microstructures with improved mechanical properties. The samples were heated to various annealing temperatures (740, 760 or 780°C), held for 300 s, and then quickly cooled to 600 or 500°C, where they were soaked for another 300 s and then submitted to the accelerated cooling process, with the rates in the range of 12-30°C/s. The microstructure was examined at the end of each processing route. The mechanical behavior evaluation was made by microhardness testing. The microstructural characterization involved optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The use of multiple regression analysis allowed the establishment of quantitative relationship between the microstructural parameters, cooling rates and mechanical properties of the steel.

ALLVAC WASPALOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Solid Solution Strengthening ◽  
Gamma Prime ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Solution Strengthening ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract ALLVAC WASPALOY, a nickel-base precipitation hardening alloy derives its high strength through the precipitation of gamma prime as a result of the aluminum and titanium additions and through the solid solution strengthening of other component elements. It is produced by vacuum induction melting followed by consummable vacuum are or electroslag remelting. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on low and high temperature performance, and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-404. Producer or source: Allvac Inc..

Effect of Rolling Deformation to Microstructure and Properties of Mg-8.5Li-1Al-1Ce Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 924-927
Author(s):  
Wang Tao ◽  
Mi Lin Zhang ◽  
Shu Jin Zhao ◽  
Chun Mei Song ◽  
Cheng Ju
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Basal Slip ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Slip Systems ◽  
Melting Method ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Pyramidal Slip ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Rolling Deformation

Mg-8.5Li-1Al-1Ce alloys were prepared with vacuum induction melting method. Uniaxial rolling deformation of alloys was obtained by two-roll milling. The effect of rolling deformation was studied on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-8.5Li-1Al-1Ce. The results show that the microstructure morphologies of α-phase, β-phase and Al2Ce-phase go through different changes under different rolling percentages, and the mechanical properties are improved with increasing deformation. Besides the basal slip system, the prism and pyramidal slip systems are also activated in α(Mg) phase, with all the slip systems in β(Li) phase being uniformly activated.

Reinforcement of Electrospun Nonwovens

2011 ◽  
Vol 175-176 ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Sheng Zhu ◽  
Qiang Gao ◽  
Xiao Li Shi ◽  
Qian Qian Pan ◽  
Xiao Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Mechanical Measurement ◽  
Polymer Blending ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Carbon Nano Tubes ◽  
Nonwoven Mats ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this paper, the solvent mixing, polymer blending, multi-walled carbon nano-tubes(MWCNTs) reinforcing, steaming and heat treatments, and multi-layering with spunbond nonwoven were used to enhance the mechanical properties of the electrospun nonwovens of polystyrene(PS), polyvinyl chloride(PVC) and poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)(PPESK). The scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and mechanical measurement were applied to characterize their microstructure and properties. The results showed that, the optimal mixture solvent can increase the tensile strength of PVC nonwovens by over 5 times; the polymer blending substantially improves the mechanical properties of PPESK nonwovens since the mechanical properties of virgin PPESK was so fragile that no data were obtained; the addition of MWCNTs to PS, PVC and PPESK improves their mechanical strength; the steaming and heating measures can be good viable route to lead to high strength for all of them; the multi-layering technique by using common spunbond nonwovens can be used to strengthen the nonwoven mats if the interfacial adhesion between the two mats can be solved well.

Nucleation of W-Rich Laves Phase Nanoparticles in Tempered Martensite Ferritic Steel During Long-Term Aging at Elevated Temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 4489-4493
Author(s):  
Chungseok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Laves Phase ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Ferritic Steels ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Tempered Martensite ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix

The nucleation of W-rich Laves phase nanoparticles was studied during long-term aging at elevated temperature in tempered martensite ferritic steels (TMFS). The TMFS was fabricated by vacuum induction melting (VIM) process. The long-term aging tests are interrupted at various stages to simulate the different level of nucleation of intermetallic phases. In the present work, we employ scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Auger electron microscopy (AES), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to study the formation nucleation of Laves phase particles. We investigated the preference of Laves phase particles to nucleate next to M23C6 micrograin boundary carbides due to the segregation of W from the matrix to the micrograin boundaries.

Effect of Co on microstructure and mechanical properties of precipitation hardening stainless steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Xiang LV ◽  
De-ning Zou ◽  
Jiao Li ◽  
Yang Pang ◽  
Yu-nong Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Grain ◽  
Fine Grain Strengthening ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Solution Strengthening

The effects of Co element on the microstructure of precipitation hardening stainless steel was investigated by metallographic microscope (OM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and the mechanical properties were measured by tensile, hardness and impact tests. The results show that with increasing Co content, the volume fraction of reversion austenite is increased. The precipitation of ε-Cu phase is remarkably decreased, leading to the improvement of ductility, while the strength and hardness are decreased. Co element improves the strength and toughness of stainless steel through fine-grain strengthening, solution strengthening and austenitic toughening.

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