Superficial Discussion on New Framework of Static Equilibrium

2014 ◽  
Vol 670-671 ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Xiang Ming Zhang ◽  
Li Bao Zhu ◽  
An Wen Wang ◽  
Shao Hong Yang ◽  
Ming Yong Hu
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Static Equilibrium ◽  
Equilibrium System ◽  
Force System ◽  
Basis Theorem ◽  
Force Systems ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reasonable Description ◽  
New Framework

Statics is set up on the basis of 4 axioms of statics. Although these axioms are distillate and summarizing of the accumulated humankind's experience in long-range production and life, introduction of these axioms to statics seems a bit abrupt, especially the critical axiom "resultant of two forces" far fetched. This article was an attempt to present the embodying description of the effect of force and force system, based on the nature of effect of force and the equivalent and equilibrium of force systems. On this basis, theorem of two forces resultant and the theorem of two forces balance were proved, and the theorem of force systems equivalent was brought up. A new framework of static equilibrium system was built up to try to make a more perfect and more reasonable description for static equilibrium.

Ironmaking Process Parameter Analysis and Optimization for the Blast Furnace

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Shuang Ping Yang ◽  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
Liu Hua Xin
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Evaluation Indicator ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reasonable Description

With practical data of the BF ironmaking from Jiuquan Iron&Steel Cooperation Ltd. (JISC), taking the quality of pig iron as evaluation indicator, mathematical models based on the least square regression and partial least square regression were set up respectively by co-relation analysis of feeding-to-product interval of the BF processing. The calculation results showed that the reasonable description can be obtained by the partial least square regression model; and 10 of 29 parameters with obvious impact on the BF operation were listed accordingly. Meanwhile, an optimal group of parameters was found by genetic algorism calculation method. The optimal index of the group was 99.13％. This study is beneficial to the improvement of feeding adjustment and optimal operation of BF ironmaking.

scholarly journals Filleting sharp edges of multi-partitioned volume finite element meshes

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-154
Author(s):  
Ruding Lou ◽  
Jean-Philippe Pernot ◽  
Franca Giannini ◽  
Philippe Veron ◽  
Bianca Falcidieno
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Semantic Information ◽  
Tetrahedral Mesh ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Cad Modelling ◽  
Cad Models ◽  
Sharp Edges ◽  
Set Up ◽  
New Framework

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to set up a new framework to enable direct modifications of volume meshes enriched with semantic information associated to multiple partitions. An instance of filleting operator is prototyped under this framework and presented in the paper. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, a generic mesh modification operator has been designed and a new instance of this operator for filleting finite element (FE) sharp edges of tetrahedral multi-partitioned meshes is also pro-posed. The filleting operator works in two main steps. The outer skin of the tetrahedral mesh is first deformed to round user-specified sharp edges while satisfying constraints relative to the shape of the so-called Virtual Group Boundaries. Then, in the filleting area, the positions of the inner nodes are relaxed to improve the aspect ratio of the mesh elements. Findings – The classical mainstream methodology for product behaviour optimization involves the repetition of four steps: CAD modelling, meshing of CAD models, enrichment of models with FE simulation semantics and FEA. This paper highlights how this methodology could be simplified by two steps: simulation model modification and FEA. The authors set up a new framework to enable direct modifications of volume meshes enriched with semantic information associated to multiple partitions and the corresponding fillet operator is devised. Research limitations/implications – The proposed framework shows only a paradigm of direct modifications of semantic enriched meshes. It could be further more improved by adding or changing the modules inside. The fillet operator does not take into account the exact radius imposed by user. With this proposed fillet operator the mesh element density may not be enough high to obtain wished smoothness. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified industry need to speed up the product behaviour analysis process by directly modifying the simulation semantic enriched meshes.

A Survey on Attacks and Defences on LoRaWAN Gateways

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-38
Author(s):  
Olof Magnusson ◽  
Rikard Teodorsson ◽  
Joakim Wennerberg ◽  
Stig Arne Knoph
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Area Network ◽  
Wide Area Network ◽  
Replay Attacks ◽  
Radio Signals ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Set Up

LoRaWAN (long-range wide-area network) is an emerging technology for the connection of internet of things (IoT) devices to the internet and can as such be an important part of decision support systems. In this technology, IoT devices are connected to the internet through gateways by using long-range radio signals. However, because LoRaWAN is an open network, anyone has the ability to connect an end device or set up a gateway. Thus, it is important that gateways are designed in such a way that their ability to be used maliciously is limited. This chapter covers relevant attacks against gateways and potential countermeasures against them. A number of different attacks were found in literature, including radio jamming, eavesdropping, replay attacks, and attacks against the implementation of what is called beacons in LoRaWAN. Countermeasures against these attacks are discussed, and a suggestion to improve the security of LoRaWAN is also included.

A Critical Review of German Long-Range Rocket Development

1946 ◽  
Vol 50 (427) ◽  
pp. 483-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. A. Perring
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

Serious rocket development was started in Germany in the years 1929–1930 by a few groups of private inventors. This work attracted the attention of the Army Weapons Group in 1933, and in 1937–1938 a special research and development station was set up at Peenemunde at the cost of 300 million marks, and the work was transferred from Berlin to this new station at about that time.

scholarly journals Effect of apical portion of T-, sloped L-, and reversed L-closing loops on their force systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paiboon Techalertpaisarn ◽  
Antheunis Versluis
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Force System ◽  
Apical Portion ◽  
Beam Elements ◽  
Force Ratio ◽  
Force Systems ◽  
Three Dimensional Models ◽  
Apical Loop

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the effect of the position of the apical portion of closing loops on the force system at both loop ends. Materials and Methods: T-loops were compared with backward-sloped L-loops (SL) and reversed L-loops (RL). SL-loops were directed toward the anterior side; RL-loops were directed toward the posterior side. Loop response to loop pulling was determined with finite element analysis at six positions of the apical loop portion for 12-mm interbracket distance and 8-mm loop length and height. Three-dimensional models of the closing loops were created using beam elements with the properties of stainless steel. Loop responses (horizontal load/deflection, vertical force, and moment-to-force ratio) at both loop ends were calculated as well as at 100 g and 200 g activation forces. Results: T-, SL-, and RL-loops with the same position of the apical portion showed approximately the same force system at both loop ends. This behavior was found across the investigated range through which the loops were moved (interbracket center to posterior bracket). Conclusions: The center of the apical portion determined the force system of the closing loops regardless of the position of the loop legs. The centers of the apical portion of the T-, SL-, and RL-loops acted like V-bend positions.

scholarly journals Is There an Alternative to the Fiscal Compact for Conducting Fiscal Policy in the Euro Area?

Politik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Hughes Hallet ◽  
Svend E. Hougaard Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Euro Area ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Budgetary Impact ◽  
The Public ◽  
Fiscal Compact ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
New Framework

This paper o ers a critical assessment of the scal set-up in the Euro Area and considers a new framework for achieving scal discipline. e key idea is an inter-temporal assignment where national scal policies focus on long-term objectives and a common monetary policy on short-term objectives. e result is a self-stabilising set-up where the enforcement problem has largely been resolved. For practical implementation purposes, scal policy is stated in terms of a target for the public debt-to-GDP ratio. We argue that the debt target should be set in a forward-looking fashion to account for implicit liabilities, such as the discounted budgetary impact of changing demographics in addition to conventional debt measures. 

Using Mission Decomposition Tools in Advanced Cockpit Applications

1988 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
Michael N. Stollings ◽  
Richard E. Edwards ◽  
William L. Rankin
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Mission Planning ◽  
Technology Program ◽  
Force System ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
Terrain Following ◽  
Aircraft Performance ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Automation Technology

This paper describes an interactive, computer-based Mission Decomposition Tool (MDT) developed as part of the Cockpit Automation Technology Program sponsored by the Air Force System Command's Human Systems Division. The purpose of this tool is to improve the efficiency of the crewstation design process. Specific activities supported by the MDT include generation and decomposition of Air-to-Air and Air-to-Ground mission scenarios; generation of mission event timelines; and post-flight analysis. Mission generation/decomposition involves the laydown of maps, map features (streams, roads, etc.), threats, targets, and waypoints. The mission event timeline is generated automatically when a mission is flown and may be edited to ensure that unique mission activities are included. Post-flight analysis options include plots of threat exposure, terrain masking, terrain following, terrain clearance, discrete mission events, and aircraft performance data. The MDT strengthens the connection between analysis and test and evaluation activities in the areas of mission planning, pilot briefing, simulation set-up, performance assessment, and post-flight analysis.

Earthquake mechanism determination by S-wave data

1964 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 457-474
Author(s):  
Anne E. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Focal Mechanisms ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
S Wave ◽  
Force System ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Family ◽  
Force Systems ◽  
Generalized Force ◽  
Earthquake Mechanism

ABSTRACT The nature of force systems at the foci of earthquakes can be studied by analyzing initial longitudinal (P) and transverse (S) displacements produced by them on the surface of the earth. The force system described in this paper results from a superposition of three mutually orthogonal double forces which act at a point focus. A family of equations is derived which depends only on S polarization angles and not on initial P displacements to determine the orientation of this generalized force system. An IBM 1620 computer has been programmed to solve the family of equations for two particular focal mechanisms—the single couple (Honda's Type I) and the double dipole (Honda's Type II). Two possible force systems are thus calculated for each earthquake using only S angles. The appropriate mechanism for each earthquake is selected by comparing the distribution of initial P displacements actually recorded, with that predicted from the solutions of the mechanism equations making use of S data. Computer solutions are presented for 32 earthquakes for which data are available in the literature. The orientation of the force system for each earthquake calculated from S data alone is in general agreement with that determined from P data.

Cerebral and gaze data fusion for wheelchair navigation enhancement: case of distracted users

Robotica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hachem A. Lamti ◽  
Mohamed Moncef Ben Khelifa ◽  
Vincent Hugel
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Experimental Protocol ◽  
Powered Wheelchair ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Individual Use ◽  
The Individual ◽  
New Framework ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYThe goal of this paper is to present a new hybrid system based on the fusion of gaze data and Steady State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEP) not only to command a powered wheelchair, but also to account for users distraction levels (concentrated or distracted). For this purpose, a multi-layer perception neural network was set up in order to combine relevant gazing and blinking features from gaze sequence and brainwave features from occipital and parietal brain regions. The motivation behind this work is the shortages raised from the individual use of gaze-based and SSVEP-based wheelchair command techniques. The proposed framework is based on three main modules: a gaze module to select command and activate the flashing stimuli. An SSVEP module to validate the selected command. In parallel, a distraction level module estimates the intention of the user by mean of behavioral entropy and validates/inhibits the command accordingly. An experimental protocol was set up and the prototype was tested on five paraplegic subjects and compared with standard SSVEP and gaze-based systems. The results showed that the new framework performed better than conventional gaze-based and SSVEP-based systems. Navigation performance was assessed based on navigation time and obstacles collisions.

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