An Approach to the Forecasting of Debris Flow Hazard by Storms from Large Waste-Dump at Open Pit Mines

2014 ◽  
Vol 1065-1069 ◽  
pp. 2337-2341
Author(s):  
Xiao Fei Jing ◽  
Ke Hui Liu ◽  
Zhi Yong Cai ◽  
Xiao Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Flow Control ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Waste Dump ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Flow Motion ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Flow Hazard ◽  
Debris Flow Disaster

In order to explore the impact of debris flow in large waste-dump which under the situation of rainstorm could cause disasters to the downstream region of the life and property; the research project has chosen a large waste-dump as the engineering background in Jiuzhaigou, Sichuan. According to the theory of the debris flow motion, we have made a deep analysis about the possibilities that waste-dump could cause debris flow disaster under the different frequency of rainstorm; and carried on the forecast analysis about the scope and degree of the calamity in the downstream which caused by the debris flow. The results can provide a reference for debris flow control in the lower reaches.

scholarly journals Applications of simulation technique on debris-flow hazard zone delineation: a case study in Hualien County, Taiwan

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Hsu ◽  
L. B. Chiou ◽  
G. F. Lin ◽  
C. H. Chao ◽  
H. Y. Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Debris Flows ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Hazard Zone ◽  
Debris Flow Hazard ◽  
Debris Flow Disaster ◽  
Soil And Water

Abstract. Debris flows pose severe hazards to communities in mountainous areas, often resulting in the loss of life and property. Helping debris-flow-prone communities delineate potential hazard zones provides local authorities with useful information for developing emergency plans and disaster management policies. In 2003, the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau of Taiwan proposed an empirical model to delineate hazard zones for all creeks (1420 in total) with potential of debris flows and utilized the model to help establish a hazard prevention system. However, the model does not fully consider hydrologic and physiographical conditions for a given creek in simulation. The objective of this study is to propose new approaches that can improve hazard zone delineation accuracy and simulate hazard zones in response to different rainfall intensity. In this study, a two-dimensional commercial model FLO-2D, physically based and taking into account the momentum and energy conservation of flow, was used to simulate debris-flow inundated areas. Sensitivity analysis with the model was conducted to determine the main influence parameters which affect debris flow simulation. Results indicate that the roughness coefficient, yield stress and volumetric sediment concentration dominate the computed results. To improve accuracy of the model, the study examined the performance of the rainfall-runoff model of FLO-2D as compared with that of the HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program Fortran) model, and then the proper values of the significant parameters were evaluated through the calibration process. Results reveal that the HSPF model has a better performance than the FLO-2D model at peak flow and flow recession period, and the volumetric sediment concentration and yield stress can be estimated by the channel slope. The validation of the model for simulating debris-flow hazard zones has been confirmed by a comparison of field evidence from historical debris-flow disaster data. The model can successfully replicate the influence zone of the debris-flow disaster event with an acceptable error and demonstrate a better result than the empirical model adopted by the Soil and Water Conservation Bureau of Taiwan.

scholarly journals The use of vibration monitoring to record the blasting works impact on buildings surrounding open-pit mines

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Anna Sołtys ◽  
Józef Pyra ◽  
Jan Winzer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Guiding Principle ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mining Plant

Environmental protection law and geological and mining law require the mineral mining plant to protect its surroundings from the effects of mining operations. This also applies to the negative impact of vibrations induced by blasting works on people and construction facilities. Effective protection is only possible if the level of this impact is known, therefore it is necessary to record it. The thesis formulated in this way has been and continues to be the guiding principle of the research works carried out in the AGH Laboratory of Blasting Work and Environmental Protection. As a result of these works are procedures for conducting preventive activities by open-pit mines in order to minimize the impact of blasting on facilities in the surrounding area. An important element of this activity is the monitoring of vibrations in constructions, which is a source of knowledge for excavation supervisors and engineers performing blasting works, thus contributing to raising the awareness of the responsible operation of the mining plant. Developed in the Laboratory of the Mine's Vibration Monitoring Station (KSMD), after several modernizations, it became a fully automated system for monitoring and recording the impact of blasting works on the surrounding environment. Currently, there are 30 measuring devices in 10 open-pit mines, and additional 8 devices are used to provide periodic measurement and recording services for the mines concerned.

scholarly journals Combining TRIGRS and DEBRIS-2D Models for the Simulation of a Rainfall Infiltration Induced Shallow Landslide and Subsequent Debris Flow

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 890 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Charn Hsu ◽  
Ko-Fei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Debris Flow ◽  
Depth Distribution ◽  
Shallow Landslide ◽  
Rainfall Infiltration ◽  
The Real ◽  
Hazard Zone ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Flow Motion ◽  
Debris Flow Hazard ◽  
Area And Volume

TRIGRS revealed the responses of the total pressure heads and factors of safety with a depth change under a rainfall infiltration occurring on the Daniao tribe’s hill. The depth distribution of the collapsed zone could be identified under the condition where the factors of safety Fs = 1, and the results could calculate the area and volume. Afterward, DEBRIS-2D used TRIGRS’s results to assess the hazard zone of the subsequent debris flow motion. In this study, the DTM variation analysis results from both of before and after the Daniao tribe’s landslide are used to validate TRIGRS’s simulation, the area and the volume of the collapse zone within 8% and 23% errors, respectively. The real disaster range was depicted from the aerial photo used to validate the hazard zone simulation of DEBRIS-2D within 25% errors. In spite of that, the hazard zone from the simulation still included the real disaster range. The combining method for a rainfall infiltration induced a shallow landslide and subsequent debris flow, which was well-matched on a real disaster range on the Daniao tribe’s hill. Therefore, we believe that the TRIGRS and DEBRIS-2D combining methods would provide a better solution for an assessment of a rainfall infiltration inducing shallow landslide and subsequent debris flow motion. TRIGRS could, therefore, provide the area and depth distribution of the collapsed zone, and DEBRIS-2D could use TRIGRS’s results for subsequent debris flow hazard assessment. Furthermore, these results would be of great help in the management of slope disaster prevention.

scholarly journals Problematic aspects of interpretation of seismic signals induced by detonation of explosives

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 ◽  
pp. 01015
Author(s):  
Józef Pyra ◽  
Michał Twardosz
Keyword(s):  
Acoustic Wave ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Seismic Signals ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Opencast Mines ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Harmful Effects

The article presents problems concerning an interpretation of seismic signals registered in the ground and foundations of buildings which are induced by the detonation of explosives. In the course of blasting in opencast mines, harmful effects may occur. The primary impacts which usually occur are as listed, induced vibrations, airblast, acoustic wave and the flyrock. There are technical and technological methods to reduce them, but minimising one can enhance the impact of the other. Furthermore, impacts such as vibration, acoustic wave, and airblast may overlap - the additive effect, which might cause problems with the unambiguous identification and interpretation of the recordings. The paper presents the results of tests carried out on a laboratory scale of the detonation of varying weight explosives samples. Also, examples of seismic signals recorded during field measurements in the vicinity of open-pit mines are presented. Also, examples of seismic signals recorded during field measurements in the vicinity of open-pit mines are presented. These examples confirm doubt as to the applicability of PN-B-02170: 2016-12 to assess the effects of vibrations on the building structures in the event of a significant impact of the airblast.

scholarly journals The Operation of Bucket Wheel Excavators When Encountering Inclusions with Excessive Mining Resistance

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
József András ◽  
József Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Brown Coal ◽  
Frequent Occurrence ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Operating Environment ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Mining Conditions

Abstract The Bucket Wheel Excavator (BWE) is the main piece of harvesting equipment used in open-pit lignite or brown coal open-pit mines worldwide. Despite the continuous increase in size, productivity and technical sophistication in recent decades, they have not adapted to the changes of operating environment. In this respect, the increasingly frequent occurrence of hard inclusions – in terms of layers, boulders and other forms – has revealed a consistent failure of BWE-s to meet this challenge. This paper, inspired by the research project RFCR-CT-2015-00003-BEWEXMIN „Bucket wheel excavators operating under difficult mining conditions including un-mineable inclusions and geological structures with excessive mining resistance” deals with preliminary considerations and results that aim to contribute to solving this problem.

Improved Ingress/Egress System for Large Mining Trucks

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 354-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest J. Conway ◽  
Barton K. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Open Pit ◽  
Open Pit Mines ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Operator Functions ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
Lost Time ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Relevant Factors

Analyses of mining accident data suggest that approximately 40% of all lost time injuries in open-pit mines occur while mobile equipment operators are ascending or decending their vehicles. This study, sponsored by the U.S. Bureau of Mines examined the human factors and engineering design considerations contributing to these accidents and possible solutions to the problem. The analysis included such relevant factors as type and frequency of injuries, biomechanics of ascending/decending current ingress/egress systems, operational damage sustained by current ingress/egress hardware, operating environmental considerations (e.g., terrain, mud, ice, spilled lubricants/fuels, etc.) operator functions performed from ladders and platforms and secondary tasks performed while ascending/decending. The impact of emergency egress requirements was also addressed. Alternate improved designs were defined and evaluated. The best was fabricated and is currently being field tested.

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