Magnetic Damping in Turning of Stainless Steel AISI 304 for the Reduction of Machining Vibration and Tool Wear

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 100-103
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Nurul Amin ◽  
Muammer Din Arif ◽  
Siti Aminatuzzuhriyah B. Haji Subir ◽  
Fawaz Mohsen Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Excited Vibration ◽  
Coated Carbide

Chatter is a type of intensive self-excited vibration commonly encountered in machining. It reduces productivity and precision, and is more noticeable in the machining of difficult-to-cut alloys like hardened steel. In such cases chatter causes excessive tool wear, especially flank wear, which in turn affects the stability of the cutting edge leading to premature tool failure, poor surface finish, and unsatisfactory machining performance. Nowadays, however, the demand is for fine finish, high accuracy, and low operation costs. Therefore, any technique which significantly reduces chatter is profitable for the industry. This paper demonstrates the viability and effectiveness of a novel chatter control strategy in the turning of (AISI 304) stainless steel by using permanent bar magnets. Reduction in chatter and corresponding tool flank wear are compared from results for both undamped and magnetically damped turning using coated carbide inserts. Special fixtures and keyway were made from mild steel in order to affix the magnets on the lathe’s carriage. The two ferrite magnets (1500 Gauss each) were placed below and beside the tool shank for damping from Z and X directions, respectively. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experimental runs in terms of the three primary cutting parameters: cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. A Kistler 50g accelerometer measured the vibrations. The data was subsequently processed using DasyLab (version 6) software. The tool wear was measured using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results indicate that this damping setup can reduce vibration amplitude by 47.36% and tool wear by 63.85%, on average. Thus, this technique is a simple and economical way of lowering vibration and tool wear in the turning of stainless steel.

scholarly journals Machining Performance Investigation of AISI 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel under Different Turning Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 5837-5862
Author(s):  
Talwinder Singh ◽  
J. S. Dureja ◽  
Manu Dogra ◽  
Manpreet S. Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Strong Basis ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Tool Flank Wear ◽  
304 Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Coated Carbide

Environment friendly machining calls for minimizing the use of cutting fluids to reduce their negative impact on environment and operator health. Present experimental work is aimed to investigate machining performance of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel with PVD coated carbide tool under different turning environments viz. dry, flooded and nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NF-MQL). Optimum turning parameters obtained through desirability function optimisation are found as: cutting speed of 160.67 m/min, feed of 0.06 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.25 mm with predicted tool flank wear of 100.001 μm and surface roughness of 0.509 μm at 0.808 desirability level. Confirmation tests show 3.22% and 3.41% error between predicted and experimental values of Vb and Ra, respectively. Present study has established the superiority of NF-MQL machining over dry and flooded machining. The most salient achievement of this investigation is the reduction of tool flank wear by 32.26% under NF-MQL machining compared to dry machining and 9.68% compared to flooded machining conditions. Similarly, NF-MQL exhibits improvement in surface finish by 34.72% and 7.59% over dry and flooded coolant environments respectively, thus providing a strong basis to replace flooded coolant machining for sustainable future.

Multi-response optimization in environment friendly turning of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 538-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talwinder Singh ◽  
J.S. Dureja ◽  
Manu Dogra ◽  
Manpreet S. Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Aisi 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Tool Flank Wear ◽  
Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of turning parameters such as cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut on tool flank wear and machined surface quality of AISI 304 stainless steel during environment friendly turning under nanofluid minimum quantity lubrication (NMQL) conditions using PVD-coated carbide cutting inserts. Design/methodology/approach Turning experiments are conducted as per the central composite rotatable design under the response surface methodology. ANOVA and regression analysis are employed to examine significant cutting parameters and develop mathematical models for VB (tool flank wear) and Ra (surface roughness). Multi-response desirability optimization approach is used to investigate optimum turning parameters for simultaneously minimizing VB and Ra. Findings Optimal input turning parameters are observed as follows: cutting speed: 168.06 m/min., feed rate: 0.06 mm/rev. and depth of cut: 0.25 mm with predicted optimal output response factors: VB: 106.864 µm and Ra: 0.571 µm at the 0.753 desirability level. ANOVA test reveals depth of cut and cutting speed-feed rate interaction as statistically significant factors influencing tool flank wear, whereas cutting speed is a dominating factor affecting surface roughness. Confirmation tests show 5.70 and 3.71 percent error between predicted and experimental examined values of VB and Ra, respectively. Research limitations/implications AISI 304 is a highly consumed grade of stainless steel in aerospace components, chemical equipment, nuclear industry, pressure vessels, food processing equipment, paper industry, etc. However, AISI 304 stainless steel is considered as a difficult-to-cut material because of its high strength, rapid work hardening and low heat conductivity. This leads to lesser tool life and poor surface finish. Consequently, the optimization of machining parameters is necessary to minimize tool wear and surface roughness. The results obtained in this research can be used as turning database for the above-mentioned industries for attaining a better machined surface quality and tool performance under environment friendly machining conditions. Practical implications Turning of AISI 304 stainless steel under NMQL conditions results in environment friendly machining process by maintaining a dry, healthy, clean and pollution free working area. Originality/value Machining of AISI 304 stainless steel under vegetable oil-based NMQL conditions has not been investigated previously.

Implementation of Magnetic Damping to Reduce Chatter Amplitude and Tool Wear during Turning of Stainless Steel AISI 304

2014 ◽  
Vol 607 ◽  
pp. 171-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.K.M. Nurul Amin ◽  
Ummu Atiqah Khairiyah Mohamad ◽  
Muammer Din Arif
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Machine Tool ◽  
Tool Life ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Magnetic Damping ◽  
Excited Vibration ◽  
Tool Shank

Machine tool chatter is a type of intensive self-excited vibration of the individual components in a machine-tool-fixture-work system. Chatter affects the cutting process and may lead to negative effects concerning surface quality, cutting tool life, and machining precision. However, modern manufacturing industries and their end users demand fine surface finish, high dimensional accuracy as well as low operation costs which include the cost of tooling. Therefore, any effective damping technique, which reduces or eliminates chatter, will significantly improve tool life and will be a profitable technique to implement in the industry. This paper presents a novel chatter control method in turning of (AISI 304) stainless steel by using permanent magnets. The study compared tool wear under two different cutting conditions: normal turning and turning with magnetic damping. A specail fixture made of mild steel was designed and fabricated in order to attach a powerful neodymium permanent magnet (4500 Gauss) to the carraige of a Harrison M390 engine lathe. The arrangement ensured that the magnet was placed exactly below the tool shank. The main idea was that the magnet will provide effective damping by attracting the steel tool shank and restricting its vertical vibratory motion during cutting operations. A Kistler 50g accelerometer, placed at the bottom front end of the tool shank was used to sense vibration. The data was then collected using a Dewetron DAQ module and analyzed using Dewesoft (version 7) software in a powerful Dell workstation. Response surface methodology (RSM) in Design Expert software (version 6) was used to design the sequence of experiments needed based on three primary cutting parameters: cutting speed, feed, and depth of cut. The tool overhang was kept constant at 120 mm in order to facilitate the attachment of the magnet fixture. Analysis of the recorded vibration signals in the frequency domain indicated that significant reduction in the vibration amplitude, as much as 86%, was obtained with magnetic damping. Next tool wear was analysed and measured using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). It is found that tool wear is reduced considerably by a maximum of 87.8% with the magnetic damping method. Therefore, this new magnetic damping method can be very cost effective, in terms of vibration reduction and tool life extension, if applied to industrial turning operations of metals.

Optimization of flank wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 304 stainless steel using the Taguchi method

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 957-961
Author(s):  
Nursel Altan Özbek ◽  
Metin İbrahim Karadag ◽  
Onur Özbek
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Taguchi Method ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Aisi 304

Abstract This paper presents the effect of cutting tool, cutting speed and feed rate on the flank wear and surface roughness of austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) during wet turning. Turning tests were designed based on the Taguchi method (L18). An orthogonal array, the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) and the ANOVA were used to investigate the machinability of AISI 304 stainless steel with PVD and CVD coated tungsten carbide inserts. As a result of ANOVA, it was found that the feed rate was the most effective parameter on both flank wear and surface roughness.

The Use of TiAlN Coated Carbide Tool when Finish Machining Stainless Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 204-207
Author(s):  
Jozef Jurko ◽  
Anton Panda ◽  
Marcel Behún
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Carbide Tool ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Coated Carbide

This article presents conclusions of use TiAlN at drilling of a new austenitic stainless steels. This article presents the results of experiments that concerned the verification of the cutting tool wear. The results of cutting zone evaluation under cutting conditions (cutting speed vc=60 m/min, depth of cut ap= 3.0 mm and feed f= 0.04 mm per rev.) .

Study with Stainless Steel AISI 630 of Tool Wear in External Turning Operations

2006 ◽  
Vol 526 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Jose Antonio Ortiz Marzo ◽  
Carlos Rio ◽  
Xavier Salueña Berna ◽  
Jasmina Casals Terré ◽  
Ana I. Capilla
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Machining Time ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Steel Aisi ◽  
Factorial Design Of Experiments ◽  
Stainless Steel Aisi

This study starts from a firm’s needs to improve manufacturing costs and times in an external turning operation with the material according to the standard AISI 630 (martensitic stainless steel, hardened by precipitation), with a hardness of 355 HB. It has been developed a basic factorial design of experiments with two factors (cutting speed and feed per revolution), with constant depth of cut and two levels, with three central points. This experiment has resulted in the obtaining of the machined meters from a tool life criterion, which has limited basically the tool flank wear, VB = 0,2 mm. The balance between the tool wear, maximum machining length and the minimum machining time has been considered from the analysis of the results.

Experimental Investigations on Surface Roughness, Cutting Forces and Tool Wear in Turning of Super Duplex Stainless Steel With Coated Carbide Inserts

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirish Kadam ◽  
Rohit Khake ◽  
Sadaiah Mudigonda
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
Super Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Coated Carbide ◽  
Carbide Inserts

This paper addresses experimental investigations of turning Super Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS) with uncoated and Physical Vapor Deposition PVD coated carbide inserts under dry cutting condition. The parametric influence of cutting speed, feed and depth of cut on the surface finish and machinability aspects such as cutting force and tool wear are studied and conclusions are drawn. The turning parameters considered are cutting speed of 60–360 m/min, feed of 0.05–0.35 mm/rev and depth of cut of 0.5–2 mm. Tool wear was analysed by using an optical microscope and scanning electron microscope. The study includes identification of tool wear mechanism occurring on the flank face. The characterization of the coating was made by Calo test for measurement of coating thickness and nanoindentation for hardness. Comparison of performance of PVD coatings TiAlSiN (3.3μm), AlTiN (3 μm) and AlTiN (7 μm) have been made in terms of tool life. The coatings were produced on P-grade tungsten carbide inserts by using High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) technology. The findings of the study also provide the economic solution in case of dry turning of super DSS.

Modeling of Tool Wear in Turning EN 31 Alloy Steel using Coated Carbide Inserts

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davinder Sethi ◽  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Alloy Steel ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
En 31 ◽  
Coated Carbide ◽  
Carbide Inserts

The experimental investigations of the tool wear in turning of EN 31 alloy steel at different cutting parameters are reported in this paper. Mathematical model has been developed for flank wear using response surface methodology. This mathematical model correlates independent cutting parameters viz. cutting speed, feed rate and depth of cut with dependent parameters of flank wear. This model is capable of estimating the tool wear at different cutting conditions. The central composite design has been used to plan the experiments. Coated carbide inserts have been used for turning EN 31 alloy steel. Results revealed that cutting speed is the most significant factor effecting flank wear, followed by depth of cut and feed rate. Flank wear increases with increase in all the three cutting parameters.

Experimental Investigation on Tool Wear when End-Milling Inconel 718 with Coated Carbide Inserts

2011 ◽  
Vol 188 ◽  
pp. 410-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Wei Wang ◽  
Jian Feng Li ◽  
Z.M. Li ◽  
Tong Chao Ding ◽  
Song Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tool Wear ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
End Milling ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Radial Depth ◽  
Coated Carbide ◽  
Carbide Inserts

In this paper, some experiments were conducted to investigate tool wear when end-milling Inconel 718 with the TiAlN-TiN PVD coated carbide inserts. The worn tools were examined thoroughly under scanning electron microscope (SEM) with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy and 3D digital microscope to expatiate tool wear morphologies and relevant mechanisms. The flank wear was uniformity in finishing milling process, and the average flank wear were selected as the criterion to study the effects of cutting parameters (cutting speed, feed per tooth, radial depth of cut, and axial depth of cut) on tool wear. Finally, the optimal combination of the cutting parameters for the desired tool life is obtained.

scholarly journals Impact of Cutting Speed on Tool Life of Coated and Uncoated Cemented Carbide during Turning of S31700 Grade Stainless Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 2022-2025
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Entire Range ◽  
Flank Wear ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Cutting Speeds

Here, we found and observed different results of experimental work in dry turning of S31700 grade stainless steels using coated and uncoated cemented carbides. The turning tests were conducted at three different cutting speeds (150and 200m/min) while feed rate and depth of cut were kept constant at 0.3 mm/rev and 1 mm, respectively. The cutting tools used were ISO P30 uncoated and TiN-TiCN-Al2O3 -ZrCN coated cemented carbides. We found the influences of cutting speed on the average flank wear. The worn parts of the cutting tools were also examined using optical microscopy and SEM. Here we concluded that cutting speed significantly affected the average flank wear. The multilayer effects superior resistance to tool wear compared to its uncoated counterpart in the entire range of cutting speeds during turning of S31700 stainless (AISI317) steel.

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