A Study of Mechanical Properties of Human Femoral Heads Using Nanoindentation

2010 ◽  
Vol 126-128 ◽  
pp. 957-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Ling Lin ◽  
Han Huang ◽  
Bronwen W. Cribb ◽  
Anthony Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery ◽  
Reduced Modulus ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Femoral Heads ◽  
Group A ◽  
Trabecular Bones ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B

Human bone fracture associated with osteoporosis was hypothesized to be related to the alteration of mechanical properties in bones. In this work, cortical and trabecular bones from human femoral heads were studied. Bone samples of eight female and four male patients, with ages varying from 37 to 93 years, were collected from total hip replacement surgery. Reduced modulus (Er) and hardness (H) of osteons, interstitial lamellae and trabeculae were characterized by nanoindentation. The results showed both the reduced modulus and hardness of the interstitial lamellae were significant higher than those of osteons and trabeculae. Though there was no significant difference in microstructures in the Group A (age < 60 years) and B (age > 60 years), the Group B bones demonstrated to be stiffer.

Biomechanical changes of freezer-storaged and decellularized pig tracheal scaffoldings

2021 ◽  
pp. 088532822098566
Author(s):  
Jinping Wang ◽  
Haixiang Zhang ◽  
Yangmeng Feng ◽  
Yang Sun ◽  
Ruina Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Biomechanical Changes ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background As an excellent xenotransplant, the pig trachea can be decellularized and cryopreserved to reduce its immunogenicity. However, few reports are found on the changes of its mechanical properties after cryopreservation and decellularization. Objective To evaluate the structure and biomechanical properties in pig tracheal scaffolds resulting from decellularized and cryopreserved. Material and methods Twenty-five pig tracheal segments were separated into five groups: untreated (group A), only decellularized (group B), only cryopreserved (group C), decellularized after cryopreserved (group D) and cryopreserved after decellularized (group E). Tracheal segments were subjected to uniaxial tension or compression using a universal testing machine to determine structural biomechanical changes. Results It showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the tensile strength of the trachea in each group. The compressive strength of group B, C and D were same as the group A ( P > 0.05), while the group E was lower than that of the group A ( P < 0.05). Conclusions and significance: The histological examination of the decellularization after cryopreservation shows that the removal of epithelial cells and submucosal cells is more thorough, and the biomechanical structure of the trachea is better preserved. This proved to be a new method to prepare xenotransplantation of trachea graft.

Reduction of Zygomatic Bone Fracture by Two Different Treatment Protocols

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Fracture ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Zygomatic Bone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B

Background: Zygomatic bone, a malar bone or cheekbone usually works as eye socket. All over the world, around 15 to 20 million people are traumatized with road accidents. Over 50% of these statistics are diagnosed with zygomatic fractured bone. There are different approaches of therapy to treat zygomatic fractured bone. In this research, two approaches have been studied. The Percutaneous Hook approach is extraoral while Keen’s approach is intraoral. The objective of this study was to evaluate outcomes of two different treatment protocols (percutaneous bone hook method and Keen’s method) for reduction of zygomatic bone fracture. Methods: This comparative analytical study conducted at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Liaquat University Hospital, Hyderabad, Pakistan. Subjects with displaced isolated zygomatic bone fracture were divided in two groups, Group A (Percutaneous Hook Method) and Group B (Keen’s Method). The data was analyzed through SPSS and p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Males were predominantly affected in both groups as compared to females i.e., Group A male patients were 22(73.52%) while in Group B male patients were 23(79.41%). Road traffic accidents were the most common etiological factor in both groups. There was a significant difference between the groups in diplopia, cheek flattening and mean mouth opening at postoperative 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The obtained p-value=0.01 was less than 0.05; therefore, the results were statistically significant. Conclusion: It was observed that percutaneous hook method had better outcomes compared to Keen’s method in reducing isolated zygomatic bone fracture. Keywords: Bone Fracture; Treatment Protocols; Zygoma.

scholarly journals Outcome of manual hemorrhoidopexy in the management of hemorrhoids

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Sujit Kumar ◽  
P Kafle ◽  
SJ Shrestha ◽  
S Agrawal ◽  
BN Patowary
Keyword(s):  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Analgesic Requirement ◽  
Conventional Hemorrhoidectomy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Internal Hemorrhoids ◽  
Group A ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Group B ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Manual hemorrhoidopexy is a new technique of treating second degree hemorrhoids. In contrast to the conventional resectional techniques (Milligan-Morgan), manual hemorrhoidopexy is a novel technique as described by T Carlo. It does not involve excision but plication with fixation of the prolapsing hemorrhoid. Objective: To study the outcome of manual hemorrhoidopexy and to compare manual hemorrhoidopexy with the traditional hemorrhoidectomy. Methods: This is a prospective study conducted over 16 months (January 2012 to April 2013) in the College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital (COMS-TH), Bharatpur, Chitwan, Department of Surgery. The patients who presented with third degree internal-hemorrhoids on a random basis, and underwent either conventional hemorrhoidectomy (Group A) or Manual hemorrhoidopexy (Group B) by senior consultant surgeons were included. The patients who had external hemorrhoids in addition to internal were excluded. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative characteristics were evaluated. Results: Twenty five patients with median age group 42.5 years underwent conventional (Milligan-Morgan) hemorrhoidectomy (Group A) and 25 patients with mean age of 40.1 years underwent manual hemorrhoidopexy (Group B). Male patients were predominant in both groups. The patients in group A had more postoperative pain as compared to group B (as assessed by the visual analogue scale and requirement of post-operative analgesic) and this was statistically significant (p<0.001). There was no significant difference among the other post-operative urinary retention. Twelve percent (n=3) patients in group A had post-operative bleeding and only 4% (n=1) in group B which was statistically significant (p<0.001). Mean duration of hospital stay in group A was 2.5 days as compared to 1.5 day in group B. Median follow up in both the study group was 3 (2-4) months. Conclusion: Manual hemorrhoidopexy has comparable outcomes in term of postoperative analgesic requirement, and post operative complications. Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2013, Vol-9, No-2, 15-19 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v9i2.9682

scholarly journals The Applications of Dexmedetomidine Given Composite Dezocine Spinal Anesthesia in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Replacement Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Ting Ting
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Anesthesia ◽  
Total Hip Replacement ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
Hip Replacement Surgery ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Objective: Objective: To evaluate the applications of dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia in patients undergoing total hip replacement surgery. Methods: 120 cases ASA Ⅰ ~ Ⅱ grade elective surgery THA patients were divided into group A (n=40), group B (n=40), C group (n=40) from June 2015 to June 2016.Group A were routined with endotracheal intubation operation；Group B were gap into the line L 2-3 spinal anesthesia, anesthesia after a fixed pumping 0.2 mg dezocine a mixture of 3 ml ； Group C were threatmented with dextrose infusion 3μg Mi Ding mixture 3.5 ml. The levels of mean arterialpressure (MAP ), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SPO 2 ), end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO 2 ) and other hemodynamic parameters and plasma epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), malondialdehyde (MDA) of three groups before and after 10 min of anesthesia 5min(T 0 ), of anesthesia (T 1 ), at the start of surgery (T 2 ), 1 Xiaoshi (T 3 ) after completion of anesthesia, the end of the surgery (T 4 ).The anesthetic complications occur of three groups were compared. Results: The levels of MAP, HR, SPO 2 , PETCO 2 , E, NE, MDA in T 1 ~ T 4 time were increased than T 0 stage (P<0.05).The levels of MAP, HR, SPO 2 , PETCO 2 , E, NE, MDA in T 1 ~ T 4 time of Groups A were increased than Groups B，Group C (P<0.05).The levels of MAP, HR, SPO 2 , PETCO 2 , E, NE, MDA in T 1 ~ T 4 time of Groups A and Groups B were compared. The cognitive disorders, nausea, vomiting, restlessness, chills, a high incidence of respiratory depression of Group A were higher than Group B, Group C (P<0.05),will high incidence of respiratory depression of Group B were higher than Groups C (P<0.05). Conclusion: dexmedetomidine given composite dezocine spinal anesthesia can effectively stabilize hemodynamics THA patients and reduce patient stress and blood vessels, its low incidence of postoperative complications, worthy of promotion application.

scholarly journals Perbandingan Penyembuhan Luka Insisi Menggunakan Pisau Bedah dan Pisau Elektrokauter Dinilai dengan Vancouver scar score pada Operasi Luka Bersih

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diadon Mitaart ◽  
Mendy Hatibie ◽  
Djarot Noersasongko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Skin Incision ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scar Score

Abstract: Skin incision is usually performed by using a scalpel. It is assumed that electrocautery knife, a more recent alternative, can increase the risk of infection, impair healing, and result in poor cosmetic scar. This study was aimed to compare the healing process of incision wounds performed by using sclapels and electrocautery knives assessed with Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) at three months after operation. This was an experimental study. Subjects were 17 male patients, aged 18-55 years old, with elective operation (categorized as clean wound operation) from March through June 2016 at Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. Each incision was performed with a scalpel first (Group A) and continued with an electrocautery knife (Group B). After 3 months of operation, the wound scars were assessed with VSS. The Wilcoxon signed ranks test showed no significant difference between the VSS of the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: There was no difference in wound healing of incised wounds performed by using scalpels and by using electrocautery knives.Keywords: VSS, electrocautery, wound healing, scarAbstrak: Insisi kulit biasanya dilakukan dengan menggunakan pisau bedah. Peralatan elektrokauter merupakan alternatif baru yang dianggap meningkatkan risiko infeksi, memperlambat penyembuhan, dengan hasil secara kosmetik yang buruk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan proses penyembuhan dari luka insisi menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter yang dinilai dengan Vancouver Scar Score (VSS) pada operasi dengan luka bersih. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental. Penelitian dilakukan selama periode Maret 2016 s/d Juni 2016 pada 17 orang pasien berjenis kelamin laki-laki, berusia 18-55 tahun yang memerlukan operasi elektif di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dan dikategorikan operasi dengan luka bersih. Setiap insisi selalu dilakukan terlebih dahulu dengan pisau bedah (kelompok A) dan sisanya dilakukan dengan pisau elektrokauter (kelompok B), kemudian luka dinilai dengan VSS setelah 3 bulan kemudian. Hasil uji Wilcoxon signed ranks terhadap hasil VSS saat 3 bulan setelah operasi memperlihatkan tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara hasil perlakuan A dan B (P > 0,05). Simpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan dalam penyembuhan dari kedua bagian luka insisi yang menggunakan pisau bedah dan pisau elektrokauter pada operasi dengan luka bersih.Kata kunci: VSS, elektrokauter, penyembuhan luka, jaringan parut

Blood Viscosity and Platelet Aggregation in Male and Female Patients with Transient Ischaemic Attacks (TIA)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Palareti ◽  
M. Poggi ◽  
G. Fortunato ◽  
S. Coccheri
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Blood Viscosity ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Transient Ischaemic Attacks ◽  
Group A ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Group B ◽  
Almost All

A series of 40 patients with TIA (25 males and 15 females) was thoroughly investigated by means of angiography and computerized tomography, and divided into a group (A) of 15 “sine materia”, and a group (B) of 25 with direct or indirect evidence of vascular occlusive or stenotic changes. Blood viscosity at 230 sec-1 37° was cp 4.2 ± 0.3 in the controls, cp 4.7 ± 0.7 in all patients (p < 0.05) cp 4.98 ± 0.7 in all male patients (p < 0.01 versus male controls), and cp 4.75 ± 0.8 in group B (p < 0.02). Haematocrit and Fibrinogen were also significantly increased in all male patients and in group B. Circulating platelet aggregates (CPA) were increased in 40% of the patients. Almost all patients with elevated CPA were males, with a slight prevalence in group B. Changes in blood viscosity parameters and in platelet aggregation in TIA patients were therefore related both to evidence of vascular lesions, and to sex, since they were found to prevail in male patients of both groups.

DeVega versus ring annuloplasty in severe functional tricuspid insufficiency and their impact on the right ventricle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Yasser Hamdy ◽  
Mohammed Mahmoud Mostafa ◽  
Ahmed Elminshawy
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Tricuspid Valve ◽  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Tricuspid Valve Repair ◽  
Ring Annuloplasty ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Functional tricuspid valve regurgitation secondary to left-sided valve disease is common. DeVega repair is simple, but residual regurgitation with subsequent impairment of the right ventricular function is a concern. This study aims to compare tricuspid valve repair using DeVega vs. ring annuloplasty and their impact on the right ventricle in the early postoperative period and after six months. Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of 51 patients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent tricuspid valve repair for secondary severe tricuspid regurgitation. Patients were divided into two groups: group A; DeVega repair (n=34) and group B; ring annuloplasty repair (n=17). Patients were assessed clinically and by echocardiography before discharge and after six months for the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricular diameter and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE). Results: Preoperative echocardiographic assessment showed no difference in left ventricular end-systolic diameter, end-diastolic diameter, ejection fraction and right ventricular diameter, however; group A had significantly better preoperative right ventricular function measured by TAPSE (1.96 ± 0.27 vs1.75 ± 0.31 cm; p=0.02). Group B had significantly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (127.65 ± 13.56 vs. 111.74 ± 18.74 minutes; p= 0.003) and ischemic time (99.06 ± 11.80 vs. 87.15 ± 16.01 minutes; p= 0.009). Pre-discharge, there was no statistically significant difference in the degree of tricuspid regurgitation, but the right ventricular diameter was significantly lower in group B (2.66 ± 0.41 and 2.40 ± 0.48 cm; p=0.049). After six months of follow up, the degree of tricuspid regurgitation (p= 0.029) and the right ventricular diameter were significantly lower in the ring annuloplasty group (2.56 ± 0.39 and 2.29 ± 0.44 cm; p=0.029). Although there was a statistically significant difference in preoperative TAPSE, this difference disappeared after six months. Conclusion: Both DeVega and ring annuloplasty techniques were effective in the early postoperative period, ring annuloplasty was associated with lesser residual regurgitation and better right ventricular remodeling in severe functional tricuspid regurgitation than DeVega procedure after 6-months of follow up.

Effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intraocular pressure

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Gul Malik ◽  
Hina Nadeem ◽  
Eiman Ayesha ◽  
Rabail Alam
Keyword(s):  
Oral Contraceptive ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Oral Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Contraceptive Pills ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Short Time

Objective: To study the effect of short-term use of oral contraceptive pills on intra-ocular pressures of women of childbearing age.   Methods: It was a comparative observational study, conducted at Arif memorial teaching hospital and Allied hospital Faisalabad for a period of six months. Hundred female subjects were divided into two groups of 50 each. Group A, included females, who had been taking oral contraceptive pills (OCP) for more than 6 months and less than 36 months. Group B, included 50 age-matched controls, who had never used OCP. Ophthalmic and systemic history was taken. Careful Slit lamp examination was performed and intraocular pressures (IOP) were measured using Goldman Applanation tonometer. Fundus examination was done to rule out any posterior segment disease. After collection of data, we analyzed and compared the intra ocular pressures between the two groups by using ANOVA in SPSS version 21.   Results: Average duration of using OCP was 14.9 months. There was no significant difference of Cup to Disc ratios between the two groups (p= 0.109). However, significant difference was noted between the IOP of OCP group and controls. (p=0.000). Conclusion: OCP significantly increase IOP even when used for short time period.

Comparative Clinical study of Jatyadi Taila and Jatyadi Ghrita in the management of Dushta Vrana

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra Joshi ◽  
N. B. Mashetti ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Gujar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Burning Sensation ◽  
Normal Process ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Local Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Contaminated Wound ◽  
Group B

Dushta Vrana is a common and frequently encountered problem faced in surgical practice. The presence of Dushta Vrana worsens the condition of the patient with different complications and may become fatal. Local factors on wound like slough, infection and foreign body, affect the normal process of healing. A healthy wound in a normal body heals earlier with a minimum scar as compared to a contaminated wound. Therefore in this study all the efforts are made to make a Dushta Vrana into a Shuddha Vrana. Once the Vrana becomes Shuddha, Ropana of the Vrana will start. The objective of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of Jatyadi Taila and Jatyadi Ghrita in Dushta Vrana. Clinically diagnosed 60 Patients of Dushta Vrana were randomly divided into two groups, each consisting of 30 Patients. Group A were treated with the Jatyadi Taila and Group B was treated by Jatyadi Ghrita. The results observed was based on the relief obtained on the subjective and objective parameters taken for consideration for this study viz, size of ulcer, discharge, smell, pain, burning sensation, itching and granulation were found significant (P Lass Than 0.05). On the basis of assessment criteria and overall result of treatment, the patients of Jatyadi Taila group showed better results when compared to Jatyadi Ghrita group. Even though statistically there is no much significant difference between the two groups, but by seeing the effect on individual parameters (subjective and objective) and over all response, Jatyadi Taila seems to be effective when compared to Jatyadi Ghrita. It is having more Ropana qualities when compared to Shodhana.

Clinical effect of Suvarna Bindu Prashan

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patil Aniket ◽  
Dindore Pallavi ◽  
Arbar Aziz ◽  
Kadam Avinash ◽  
Saroch Vikas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inform Consent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Immune Booster ◽  
Mental And Physical Health ◽  
Apparently Healthy

The quest for excellence in mental and physical health is not new. We find various references and formulations in Ayurvedic classics meant for promoting mental and physical health of a child. Suvarna Prashan is one of the formulations explained in age old Ayurvedic classic Kashyap Samhita. This formulation is very widely used now days as a memory and immune booster for children. But there is very little systematic documented study which can be used to evaluate the efficacy of the formulation. Suvarna Bhasma was prepared in Ayurved Rasayani Pharmacy, Pune. Madhu and Ghrita were collected from KLE Ayurveda Pharmacy, Belgaum. Suvarna Bindu Prashan was prepared in KLE Ayurved pharmacy, Belgaum. It contains Suvarna Bhasma, Ghrita and Madhu. Twenty apparently healthy male and female children with age group of three to four years were ready to sign inform consent form were selected into two groups each. Subjects in Group A received Suvarna Bindu Prashan where as Group B (Control group) did not receive any treatment. Both the groups were observed for six months. Children in Suvarna Bindu Prashan group showed significant reduction in the scores of eating habits, behavior, mood, temperament and scores of event of illness. However there was no significant difference in the score of sleeping habit. There was significant increase in IQ percentage.

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