A Deterministic Method to Predict Geometrical Interference between Grinding Wheel and Workpiece for Ultra-Precision Aspherical Grinding

2010 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Shao Hui Yin ◽  
Ze Biao Wang ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Feng Jun Chen ◽  
Jian Wu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Deterministic Method ◽  
Aspherical Lens ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper reported a deterministic method to predict geometrical interferences between grinding wheel and workpiece on ultra-precision grinding for micro aspherical lens mould. An inclined axis grinding mode controlled by B axis is considered and investigated. For avoiding the interference between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, the relationship of the radius of the grinding wheel should be analyzed in the grinding process. In this paper, a geometrical mathematical model for avoiding interferences between grinding wheel and workpiece is built up, and three interference conditions are analyzed. The maximum diameter of the cylindrical grinding wheel is computed and obtained for grinding axisymmetric aspheric surface.

Research on the 3-Axis CNC Ultra-Precision Grinding of Aspheric Mould

2009 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Li ◽  
Fei Hu Zhang ◽  
Shen Dong
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Form Accuracy ◽  
Form Errors ◽  
Machining Test ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Grinding System ◽  
Parallel Grinding

Parallel grinding is an effective method of aspheric moulds machining which is usually made of industrial ceramic such as silicon carbide (SiC) or tungsten carbide (WC), but if the spherical grinding wheel is not being with precision truing and dressing, the roughness and form accuracy of the ground aspheric surface should get worse, for this reason, in this paper, the influence factors of thoroughness and form accuracy induced by the wheel truing and dressing are studied firstly, and a new 3-axis CNC Ultra-precision grinding system which is based on the PMAC (Programmable Multi-axes Controller) is developed, through simultaneous motion of the controlled X, Z and B axis, the form errors which is induced by the grinding wheel can be improved theoretically, and the aspheric mould machining test shown that the surface roughness of Ra 0.025μm and the form accuracy of P-V 1.15μm are achieved.

One-Point Nano-Grinding for Micro-Aspherical Glass Lens Mould

2010 ◽  
Vol 97-101 ◽  
pp. 4217-4220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Hui Yin ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Yu Feng Fan ◽  
Yong Jian Zhu ◽  
Feng Jun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Error Compensation ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Form Error ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Aspherical Lens ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Compensation Technique ◽  
Glass Lens ◽  
Micro Lens

This paper reported an experimental study on ultra-precision grinding for micro aspherical lens mould. One-point grinding mode and inclined axis grinding mode are employed and investigated in grinding process. Grinding test of a micro-lens mould using form error compensation technique is conducted. The experimental results show that ground micro aspheric mould surfaces with form (PV) around 0.122 µm and a roughness (Ra) less than 2 nm is achieved successfully.

Evaluation of Grinding Performance by Mechanical Properties of Super Abrasive Wheel - Evaluation of Grade by Grinding Force

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takekazu Sawa ◽  
Naohiro Nishikawa ◽  
Yasushi Ikuse
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Abrasive Wheel ◽  
Grinding Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

There is the grade as one of the selection criteria of a grinding wheel like WA whetstone or GC whetstone. The grade of grinding wheel is defined as an index which shows the strength of connection of a grain and a grain, and is usually estimated by bending strength. There are many papers about the relationship between the grade of a grinding wheel and the grinding performance. And, the relationship between the grade of a grinding wheel and the grinding performance is almost clear. Also, the relationship between mechanical properties of a grinding wheel and the grade is also clear. On the other hand, since the grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel is thin, it is difficult to apply the conventional evaluation test of the grade. And, the evaluation method of the grade which can be adapted the super abrasive grinding wheel is not established. In addition, since the grade of a super abrasive grinding wheel is a manufacture manufacturer's original standard, there is a minute difference by manufacturer. The super abrasive grinding wheel as well as the grinding wheel is conjectured that the grade influences the grinding performance. Namely, it is important to relate the grade and the mechanical properties of a grain layer. However, researches which relate the grade, the grinding performance and the mechanical properties of a super abrasive grinding wheel are not done so far. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between the mechanical properties of a grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel and the grade, the grinding performance. The final objective of this study is to evaluate the grinding performance from mechanical properties of a grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel. The purpose of this report is to clarify relationship between the grade and the grinding force in a resinoid bond diamond wheel. The specific experiment procedure is as follows. When carrying out surface grinding of the diamond sticks using a grinding wheel, the relationship of the grade and the grinding force was clarified. And based on the knowledge acquired in this experiment, relationship between the grade of a super abrasive grinding wheel and the grinding force was considered. As the results, it confirmed that the grade of a resinoid bond diamond wheel could be evaluated by the grinding force.

An Experimental Investigation of Optimal Grinding Condition for Aspheric Surface Lens Using Full Factorial Design

2007 ◽  
Vol 329 ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Yub Baek ◽  
Jung Hyung Lee ◽  
Eun Sang Lee ◽  
H.D. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Spherical Lens ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Ground Surface Roughness ◽  
Grinding System ◽  
Micro Lens

To enhance the precision and productivity of ultra precision aspheric surface micro lens, the development of ultra-precision grinding system and process for the aspheric surface micro lens are described. In this paper, an ultra-precision grinding system for manufacturing the aspheric surface micro lens was developed by considering the factors affecting the grinding surface roughness and profile accuracy. This paper deals with the mirror grinding of an aspheric surface micro lens by resin bonded diamond wheel and with the spherical lens of BK7. The optimization of grinding conditions with respect to ground surface roughness and profiles accuracy is investigated by design of experiments.

A Study of a New ELID Grinding Fluid by BP Neural Network Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 58-60 ◽  
pp. 1792-1796
Author(s):  
Wei Li ◽  
Yu Jie Fan
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Precision Grinding ◽  
Elid Grinding ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Grinding Fluid ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Bp Neural Network Model

Electronic in-process dressing (ELID) grinding will be a main technology of ultra-precision grinding which has been widely adopted to the ultra-precision and high effectively machining of hard and brittle materials. This study puts forward a new environmental friendly bamboo charcoal bonded (BCB) grinding wheel and develops a new ELID grinding fluid. An oxide layer is mostly determined by the electric performance of grinding fluid in the experiment. This paper founds a model to forecast grinding fluid’s electric performance by BP neural network and MATLAB. This method can be used in developing of ELID grinding machining fluid to improve the ELID grinding effect.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Relationship Among Dressing Conditions Using Prismatic Dresser, Dressing Resistance, and Grinding Characteristics

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Gen Uchida ◽  
Takazo Yamada ◽  
Kouichi Ichihara ◽  
Makoto Harada ◽  
Tatsuya Kohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Wheel Surface ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Ground Surface Roughness ◽  
The Relationship

In the grinding process, the grinding wheel surface condition changes depending on the dressing conditions, which affects the ground surface roughness and grinding resistance. Several studies have been reported on the practical application of dressing using prismatic dressers in recent years. However, only a few studies that quantitatively evaluate the effects of differences in dressing conditions using prismatic dresser on the ground surface roughness and grinding resistance have been reported. Thus, this study aims to evaluate quantitatively the effect of the difference in dressing conditions using the prismatic dresser on the ground surface roughness and grinding resistance by focusing on the dressing resistance. In the experiment, dressing is performed by changing the dressing lead and the depth of dressing cut with a prismatic dresser, and the ground surface roughness and grinding resistance are measured. Consequently, by increasing the dressing lead and the depth of dressing cut, the ground surface roughness increased, and the grinding resistance decreased. This phenomenon was caused by the increase in dressing resistance when the dressing lead and the depth of dressing cut were increased, which caused a change in the grinding wheel surface condition. Furthermore, the influence of the difference in dressing conditions using the prismatic dresser on the ground surface roughness and grinding resistance can be quantitatively evaluated by using the dressing resistance.

Experimental study of the relationship between the vibro-acoustic parameters of the grinding process and the macro-roughness of the treated surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
Dmitrii Ardashev ◽  
◽  
Aleksander Zhukov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Sound Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Acoustic Parameters ◽  
Current State ◽  
Measuring Machine ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction. To assess the current state of the technological system (TS) during grinding, it is preferable to use indirect criteria. Such approaches, in contrast to direct measurement methods, can be carried out without interrupting the production process. The main parameters used in the indirect assessment of the state of the cutting tool are the state of the workpiece (before and after processing), thermal and electrical characteristics of the cutting zone, vibroacoustic vibrations of the process, and force measurements. The work is devoted to the study of the acoustic parameters of grinding as a sufficiently informative and least resource-intensive characteristic. The relevance of the development of methods for assessing the state of the vehicle based on sound and topographic characteristics has many aspects, the main of which are applicability in grinding control, predicting the state of the cutting tool and planning the operations of the technological process. The aim of the work is to develop a mathematical model of the dependence of the vibroacoustic parameters of the external circular plunge-cut grinding process on the macro-roughness of the polished sample. The development of such a model is a necessary step in the design of a methodology for predicting the state of a tool. Accordingly, the subject of work is presented by two parameters simultaneously – the sound level arising in the process of grinding and the deviation of the surface shape of the ground images from cylindricality. The research methods used to achieve the designated aim were following: an experiment to study the sound phenomena accompanying round external plunge-cut grinding; measurement of macro-roughness of the surface of the samples, subjected to processing, using a coordinate measuring machine; correlation and regression analysis to obtain mathematical dependencies. Results and discussion. Two particular multiple linear regression models are obtained that describe the effect of the infeed rate and the operating time of the grinding wheel on the sound level during grinding and on deviations from the cylindricality of the processed samples. On the basis of particulars, a general model is developed that establishes the relationship between the sound characteristic and the macro-roughness index of the treated surface. It is shown that the sound characteristics (for example, the sound level) can be used as an indirect indicator of the current state of the vehicle, which makes it possible to assess the level of vibrations and, accordingly, to predict the quality of products.

Performance Evaluation of Electro-Rheological Fluid and Its Applications to Micro-Parts Fine-Machining

2006 ◽  
Vol 315-316 ◽  
pp. 352-356
Author(s):  
Qiu Sheng Yan ◽  
F.F. Bi ◽  
N.Q. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Electrorheological Fluid ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Aspheric Surface ◽  
Surface Machining ◽  
Abrasive Particles ◽  
Micro Parts ◽  
Er Fluid

This article first presents the performance of Electrorheological Fluid (ER fluid). Thus, a new-style machining technique based on ER effect to form a tiny grinding wheel is developed for superfine machining. By adding abrasive particles to ER, an array of stable chains of ER particles can be shaped when an electric field is applied and abrasive particles are fixed to these chains structure. When the tip of tool is rotated, the abrasive particles rotate with the flow and a superfine grinding process come into being. This process is expected to be applicable to the aspheric surface machining of micro miniature components made of optic glass or other hard-brittle materials.

Torque Transmission Analysis and Design of a 3-DOF Spherical Parallel Manipulator

2009 ◽  
Vol 69-70 ◽  
pp. 575-579
Author(s):  
Y.B. Li ◽  
Shi Ming Ji ◽  
Qiao Ling Yuan ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Ming Sheng Jin
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Design ◽  
Evaluation Index ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Torque Transmission ◽  
Technological Efficiency ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Model Technique ◽  
Spherical Parallel Manipulator

Static analysis plays an important role on the design and applications of manipulator. In this paper, The torque balance equations of the spherical 3-DOF manipulator was derived in closed forms by analyzing the relationship of its input and output torques, then the torque transmission evaluation index and the global torque transmission evaluation index were defined based on the torque balance equation and discussed in detail, at last, by using the physical model technique, the parameters of the spherical 3-DOF manipulator were optimized based upon the global torque transmission evaluation index. Moreover, an integrated design scheme of the spherical 3-DOF manipulator was confirmed when satisfied the assembly conditions, which can provide theoretical base for the applications of the spherical 3-DOF manipulator. The spherical 3-DOF manipulator can be used as the waist, wrist and the ultra-precision machine in which the requirements for high stiffness, high accuracy and good technological efficiency.

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