Study on the Minimum Rock Covers of Xiamen Xiang’an Subsea Tunnel

2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 2490-2500
Author(s):  
Yu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Influence Factors ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Japanese Experience ◽  
Rock Cover ◽  
Subsea Tunnel ◽  
Judgment Matrix ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison Matrix ◽  
Main Influence

The minimum rock cover is one of the most important factors determining the safety and cost of subsea tunnels .There are seven main influence factors and four methods determining the rock covers of subsea tunnels. Unfortunately, whether in Norwegian experience method (NEM), Numerical method (NM), Japanese experience method (JEM) or in mining under water experience method (MUWEM), these factors are considered separately in the study. The synergies reflecting the preferred primary or minor importance between the factors are not fully considered. The group AHP method (GAHPM) was put forward to solve the problem. GAHP is an optimization technology, where choosing suitable weights are the most importance. Adopting the advantage of AHP and avoiding the disadvantage at the same time, it can fully reflect the importance of each factor in determining the ultimately thickness of rock covers. In this paper, firstly, we construct the hierarchy and pair-wise comparison matrix. Secondly, determine weights of the experts. Thirdly, check the consistency of the judgment matrix. Ultimately, we obtain the ultimate minimum rock cover of the subsea tunnel by the product of initial selectable thicknesses and weights.

scholarly journals Evolution of Internal Stress in Heterogeneous Electrode Composite during the Drying Process

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1683
Author(s):  
Zuoquan Zhu ◽  
Yaolong He ◽  
Hongjiu Hu ◽  
Fangzhou Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Internal Stress ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Component Distribution ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Inactive Ingredients ◽  
Main Influence

The mechanical behavior of electrode composite during the drying preparation has played a crucial role in the electrochemical performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Our work aimed at developing an integrated analysis method to study the component distribution, mechanical properties, and internal stress of composite coating in the process of electrode drying. The main influence factors of drying stress were thoroughly investigated. It was found that this present model could capture not only the heterogeneity effect of inactive ingredients but also the porosity-dependent viscoelasticity of electrode composite. Meanwhile, the calculated effective modulus and stress evolution upon drying time were in acceptable accord with the experimental data. Furthermore, the rapid solidification markedly increased the drying stress in electrodes and significantly impaired the tensile strength of electrode composite due to the highly gradient distributed constituents. However, the stress level at high drying temperature could be significantly reduced by an aqueous sodium alginate binder instead of poly(vinylidene fluoride). The obtained results will be a great help in efficiently manufacturing LIB electrodes with adequate mechanical integrity.

Numerical study on pressure prediction and its main influence factors in pneumatic conveyors

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (23) ◽  
pp. 6247-6258 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C. Ma ◽  
K.C. Williams ◽  
J.M. Zhou ◽  
M.G. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Study ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Main Influence

Absolute Measurement of Aspheric Surfaces Using White-Light Interferometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 364-366 ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Su Ping Chang ◽  
Tie Bang Xie ◽  
Xuang Ze Wang ◽  
Jun Guo
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
White Light ◽  
Spherical Surface ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Absolute Measurement ◽  
Aspheric Surfaces ◽  
Interferometric Technique ◽  
Main Influence

White-light interferometric technique has been widely applied in the measurement of three-dimensional profiles and roughness with high-precision. Based on the characteristic of interferometric technique, a new method combined with image location and a three-dimensional stage is proposed to achieve the non-contact absolute shape measurement for aspheric and spherical surface in a slarge range. The interference fringes vary with the horizontal displacement of the measured surface, the surface information was obtained by locating the transformation of the maximal intensity in the interferograms. Two main influence factors are discussed; they are performance of the inerferimetric microscope and the stage. Since the performance of the stage directly determines the measurement precision, a three-dimensional displacement stage with a large range and a high precision was developed. Some experiments were carried out to verify the performance of the three-dimensional displacement stage and the validity of the new measurement method with satisfactory results.

scholarly journals A Multi-Criteria Decision Support System in the Analysis of Flood Risk and Vulnerability Mapping in Suleja, Niger State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nura Khaliel Umar ◽  
Halima Sadiya Abdullahi ◽  
Ado Kibon Usman
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Hazard Map ◽  
Ahp Method ◽  
Rainfall Distribution ◽  
Weighted Overlay ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Priority Weights ◽  
Vulnerability Map ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This study aims at assessing flood risk factors and mapping areas vulnerable to flood in Suleja of Niger State, Nigeria, using Geo-spatial techniques. The method follows a multi-parametric approach and integrates some of the flood causative factors as: rainfall distribution, elevation and slope, drainage network and density, landuse/ land-cover and soil type. The Spatial Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) was used to rank and display potential locations, while the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was employed using pair-wise comparison to compute the priority weights of each factor. The various layers were integrated in weighted overlay tool in ArcGIS to generate the final vulnerability map (high, moderate and low). The normalized criterion weights were obtained for each factor, and the results shows that, rainfall (34) and slope (31) have the highest influence on flood in the study area. The Consistency Ratio (CR) with an acceptable level of 0.05 was obtained which further validated the strength of the judgement. The factor weights from the AHP were incorporated to produce a Geo-hazard map and it showed that areas that are high vulnerable to flood in Suleja constitute about 37%, while moderate and low vulnerable areas constitute about 45% and 18% respectively. Elements at high risk of flood are those found at the extreme northeast, where elevation is very low, southwest where rainfall distribution is high and on low lying areas along the depressions. Therefore using the Geo-hazard map as a guide, local councils and other stakeholders can act to prepare for potential floods.</p>

Analysis of Influence Factors of the Supply Chain Distribution Center Location Based on the ISM Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 323-326
Author(s):  
Jun Long Zhang ◽  
Xi Fu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Distribution Center ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Logistics Systems ◽  
Center Location ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Distribution Center Location

Distribution center plays an important role in the whole supply chain, and distribution center location decision is the core content of logistics systems analysis. Based on the analysis of the object of supply chain distribution center location, the main influence factors of the supply chain distribution center location were divided by using the ISM model, and a multi-grade hierarchical structure diagram of distribution center location was designed. By combining qualitative and quantitative methods, the hierarchical relationship of the main influence factors of supply chain distribution centers location is clarified.

scholarly journals Photodegradation of the benzothiostrobin in solution and on soil and glass surface

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zihao Zhou ◽  
Yu Yang ◽  
Zhangyu Zheng ◽  
Minghua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Glass Surface ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Photodegradation Products ◽  
Main Influence

The photolytic characteristics of benzothiostrobin were investigated in solution and on soil and glass surface. The main influence factors such as initial concentration, organic solvent and the aqueous environmental substances, including NO2–, NO3–, Fe2+, Fe3+, H2O2 and turbidity were investigated. Three photodegradation products of benzothiostrobin were identified by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The photodegradation rates of benzothiostrobin increased with decreasing initial concentration of benzothiostrobin. The degradation rates of benzothiostrobin in different organic solvent showed the following order: n-hexane &gt; methanol &gt; acetonitrile &gt; acetone. The photodegradation of benzothiostrobin was promoted by Fe3+, NO2– and H2O2, and were inhibited by Fe2+ and turbidity. The presence of NO3– had no effect on photodegradation. Benzothiostrobin was photodegraded at a slower rate on soil surface and glass surface compared to its photolysis in aqueous solution. The presumed photodegradation pathway was proposed to be the cleavage of the thioether bond in benzothiostrobin.

Aeration Settling Process on Treating ASP Produced Water of Oilfield

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 391-394
Author(s):  
Guang Min Liu ◽  
Xin Jia ◽  
Mei Jun Liu ◽  
Wei Zhi
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Content Change ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Settling Process ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Reliable Basis

The concentration of suspended solid, oil, HPAM, surfactant, sulfide and silicate colloid was investigated by the simulation aeration and settling experiment. The major factors that influenced the content change of suspended solid were also determined in this study to provide reliable basis for the actual process.By the simulation experiment, the main influence factors that changed the concentration of suspended solid in ASP produced water were the precipitation of HPAM

Analysis on the Influence Factors of Multi-Functional Vibration-Absorption Enclosure Wall Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 50-51 ◽  
pp. 319-322
Author(s):  
Ming Sheng He ◽  
Jun Wei Zheng ◽  
Gui Ju Shi
Keyword(s):  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Vibration Absorption ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Enclosure Wall ◽  
And Control ◽  
Main Influence

Enclosure wall multi-functional vibration-absorption structures (MVEW) is a new style of damping structure, it integrates the merits of infilled frame, tuned mass control (MTMD) and the energy dissipation structures. The main influence factors of MVEW is analyzed in the paper, The results indicate that there are optimal value of the mass ratio, the stiffness ratio and the damping ratio of substructure in MVEW, and the damping effect become obvious as the increase of the number of substructure, it also shows that the best location ought to synthetically consider the number of substructure, the tuned frequency ratio and control mode instead of being fixed. In the end, the paper proposed the determine principle of the damping device’s performance parameters as well as necessary optimization of MTMD parameters according to the specific case of actual structure1.

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