Energy Calculation Model of Concrete Based on Life Cycle Assessment

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1217-1220
Author(s):  
Ping Gong
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Theory ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

The energy consumption of concrete is considered as the research object,and the life cycle theory is applied in the energy consumption analysis of concrete. the life cycle energy consumption inventory analysis of concrete is set up,the concrete’s whole life cycle is divided into four stage. Each stage’s energy consumption is carried out a detailed analysis. Based on the inventory analysis, an energy calculation model of concrete is established .

Simplified Numerical Modeling of Energy Distribution in a Chinese Solar Greenhouse

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Xu ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
Tianlai Li ◽  
Rui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Coal Consumption ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Solar Greenhouse ◽  
North Wall

Abstract.Solar greenhouses are widely used in northeast China to grow vegetables in winter. The energy consumption and distribution were determined in field experiments using a solar greenhouse in northeast China by monitoring the environmental factors inside and outside. Each surface inside greenhouse irradiated with incoming solar radiation was calculated. The greenhouse temperature including the front roof, north roof, north wall, canopy, and soil was calculated based on daily meteorological variables forecast by simulation modeling of each part and comparing with the results obtained using individual meteorological data under greenhouse conditions. Chinese greenhouse day and night energy consumption was calculated and compared. During the coldest days, the conduction energy reached 45% by day and 54% at night. The front roof accounted for the conduction energy loss (day: 54%, night: 68%). When the indoor temperature of the greenhouse was maintained above 15°C, the best time for greenhouse heating was around 5 a.m. and total coal consumption in three months was approximately 5.1 t. Results show that this numerical model simulated the various paths of greenhouse energy flow and heating processes. We estimated the specific daily coal consumption to define a comprehensive heating strategy. Keywords: Chinese greenhouse, Energy balance, Energy calculation model, Energy consumption analysis.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Assessment of electricity generation from Jatropha oil in a short chain in Mali

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia MENEGHEL FONSECA ◽  
Nawelle CHAOUKI ◽  
Anthony BENOIST ◽  
Guillaume BUSSET ◽  
Roland PIROT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Electricity Generation ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Set Up

Jatropha curcas is an inedible oil crop which can grow under semiarid climatic conditions. Its oil can be used straight as fuel to provide energy in remote areas to improve living conditions. The aim of this study is to assess the environmental impacts of the electricity generation from Jatropha oil under West African conditions, by means of a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). These potential impacts are calculated for four crop managements and compared to the ones of a reference electricity generation from conventional diesel. Data used in this work are from Jatropha plantations set up in Mali since 2006.LCA results show that the potential benefits of the Jatropha systems are highly dependent on the crop management, especially for the fertilization strategy and the promotion of the oilcake. However, in all cases, the Jatropha systems have lower impacts than the reference diesel system by 75% to 96% for abiotic depletion, and by 80% to 97% for ozone layer depletion, and higher impacts by 260% to 1000% for eutrophication, and by 26% to 160% for acidification. In the best case, the Jatropha system can also have lower impacts than the reference system by 76% for climate change, and by 88% for photochemical oxidation.A methodological originality of this work is the inclusion of animal and human labour into the LCA framework. A first model is proposed for the accounting of energy consumption and GreenHouse Gases (GHG) emissions due to labour. Concerning energy consumption, labour is not negligible with a share from 14% to 50% of the total impact of the Jatropha systems; however the highest share of 50% corresponds to the scenarios with the lowest energy demand. CH4 emissions from livestock are also not negligible but second-order in this study since they account for 2% to 13% of total GHG emissions.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Energy Analysis and Evaluation of Retreaded Engineering Tires

2021 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
pp. 02012
Author(s):  
Wang Qiang ◽  
Jiang Li ◽  
Wang Yunlong ◽  
Wang Guotian ◽  
Zhang peng
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Life Cycle Analysis ◽  
Energy Analysis ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Energy Evaluation ◽  
Energy Consumption Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Stages ◽  
Life Cycle Energy Analysis

In this paper, energy consumption models of retreaded engineering tires were constructed based on life cycle analysis, theoretical calculation model, and energy consumption method during the four stages of retreaded engineering tires, i.e., production, transportation, usage, and recycling stage. The energy substitute model and energy evaluation index during the recycling stage, which involves one of five classical retreaded engineering tire recycling methods, i.e., secondary retreading, mechanical smash, low-temperature smash, combustion decomposition, and combustion power generation, were presented. Life cycle energy analysis of retreaded engineering tires was conducted, and the energy consumption during the different life cycle stages was quantitatively analyzed, thus obtaining the energy restoration rate of the five classical recycling stages of retreaded engineering tires. Energy consumption analysis and energy evaluation at different stages were performed. Main conclusions indicate that the energy consumption during the production stage is the highest, and energy consumption during the transportation stage is the lowest. The energy recycling result of the secondary retreading or combustion decomposition of retreaded engineering tires is obtained.

Whole Life Cycle Energy-Saving Measures of Large-Scale Public Building

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 4923-4926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Jie Fang ◽  
Yun Bo Zhang ◽  
Deng Min Shen ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Li Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Public Building ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Save Energy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Large-scale public building has high energy consumption and has great potential in saving it. It is necessary to do research on the calculation of energy consumption and raise some methods to save energy of large-scale public building. Basing on the theory of whole life cycle, the energy consumption of large-scale public building was analysed and the whole life cycle energy saving system was set up. What's more, it emphasized the importance of energy saving design at the stage of planning and design. Meanwhile, the paper not only analysed the whole life cycle energy saving contents and calculation formulas of large-scale public building by taking advantage of LCEA model, but also proposed some corresponding measures to save energy.

scholarly journals Life-Cycle Assessment of Carbon Footprint of Bike-Share and Bus Systems in Campus Transit

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Sishen Wang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Pengyu Xie ◽  
Xiaodan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Transit System ◽  
Two Systems ◽  
Bus System ◽  
Bike Share

Low-carbon transport system is desired for sustainable cities. The study aims to compare carbon footprint of two transportation modes in campus transit, bus and bike-share systems, using life-cycle assessment (LCA). A case study was conducted for the four-campus (College Ave, Cook/Douglass, Busch, Livingston) transit system at Rutgers University (New Brunswick, NJ). The life-cycle of two systems were disaggregated into four stages, namely, raw material acquisition and manufacture, transportation, operation and maintenance, and end-of-life. Three uncertain factors—fossil fuel type, number of bikes provided, and bus ridership—were set as variables for sensitivity analysis. Normalization method was used in two impact categories to analyze and compare environmental impacts. The results show that the majority of CO2 emission and energy consumption comes from the raw material stage (extraction and upstream production) of the bike-share system and the operation stage of the campus bus system. The CO2 emission and energy consumption of the current campus bus system are 46 and 13 times of that of the proposed bike-share system, respectively. Three uncertain factors can influence the results: (1) biodiesel can significantly reduce CO2 emission and energy consumption of the current campus bus system; (2) the increased number of bikes increases CO2 emission of the bike-share system; (3) the increase of bus ridership may result in similar impact between two systems. Finally, an alternative hybrid transit system is proposed that uses campus buses to connect four campuses and creates a bike-share system to satisfy travel demands within each campus. The hybrid system reaches the most environmentally friendly state when 70% passenger-miles provided by campus bus and 30% by bike-share system. Further research is needed to consider the uncertainty of biking behavior and travel choice in LCA. Applicable recommendations include increasing ridership of campus buses and building a bike-share in campus to support the current campus bus system. Other strategies such as increasing parking fees and improving biking environment can also be implemented to reduce automobile usage and encourage biking behavior.

scholarly journals Impact of Cycle Time and Payload of an Industrial Robot on Resource Efficiency

Robotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Florian Stuhlenmiller ◽  
Steffi Weyand ◽  
Jens Jungblut ◽  
Liselotte Schebek ◽  
Debora Clever ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
The Individual

Modern industry benefits from the automation capabilities and flexibility of robots. Consequently, the performance depends on the individual task, robot and trajectory, while application periods of several years lead to a significant impact of the use phase on the resource efficiency. In this work, simulation models predicting a robot’s energy consumption are extended by an estimation of the reliability, enabling the consideration of maintenance to enhance the assessment of the application’s life cycle costs. Furthermore, a life cycle assessment yields the greenhouse gas emissions for the individual application. Potential benefits of the combination of motion simulation and cost analysis are highlighted by the application to an exemplary system. For the selected application, the consumed energy has a distinct impact on greenhouse gas emissions, while acquisition costs govern life cycle costs. Low cycle times result in reduced costs per workpiece, however, for short cycle times and higher payloads, the probability of required spare parts distinctly increases for two critical robotic joints. Hence, the analysis of energy consumption and reliability, in combination with maintenance, life cycle costing and life cycle assessment, can provide additional information to improve the resource efficiency.

A Life Cycle Assessment of Biofuel Produced From Waste Cooking Oil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sierra Spencer ◽  
Malia Scott ◽  
Nelson Macken
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Cumulative Energy ◽  
Cooking Oil

Biofuels have received considerable attention as a more sustainable solution for heating applications. Used vegetable oil, normally considered a waste product, has been suggested as a possible candidate. Herein we perform a life cycle assessment to determine the environmental impact of using waste vegetable oil as a fuel. We present a cradle to fuel model that includes the following unit processes: soybean farming, soy oil refining, the cooking process, cleaning/drying waste oil, preheating the oil in a centralized heating facility and transportation when required. For soybean farming, national historical data for yields, energy required for machinery, fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium), herbicides, pesticides and nitrous oxide production are considered. In soy oil refining, steam production using natural gas and electricity for machinery are considered inputs. Preprocessing, extraction using hexane and post processing are considered. In order to determine a mass balance for the cooking operation, oil carryout and waste oil removal are estimated. During waste oil processing, oil is filtered and water removed. Data from GREET is used to compute global warming potential (GWP) and energy consumption in terms of cumulative energy demand (CED). Mass allocation is applied to the soy meal produced in refining and oil utilized for cooking. Results are discussed with emphasis on improving sustainability. A comparison is made to traditional fuels, e.g., commercial fuel oil and natural gas. The production of WVO as fuel has significantly less global warming potential but higher cumulative energy consumption than traditional fuels. The study should provide useful information on the sustainability of using waste cooking oil as a fuel for heating.

Life Cycle Assessment of Urban Wastewater Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 346-349
Author(s):  
Mei Wang ◽  
Ming Yang ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Jian Fen Li
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Urban Sewage ◽  
Urban Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Whole Life Cycle

Effect and benefits of a product or service could be analyzed and evaluated by life cycle assessment during the whole life cycle. Urban sewage treatment plants could improve and control urban water pollution escalating, but it also had certain harm to environment. Effect and benefits of urban wastewater treatment plant A and B were analyzed and evaluated, 13 factors were selected, and comprehensive benefits were researched quantificationally using the method of analytic hierarchy process. It found that urban wastewater treatment plant A who applied A/O process had better benefits than urban wastewater treatment plant B who applied BIOLAK process.

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