Effect of Heating and Subsequent Re-Shot Peening on Surface Characteristics of Shot-Peened Carbon Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 325 ◽  
pp. 739-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Harada
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Processing History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Type Machine ◽  
Steel Balls

The shot peening process is one of the surface treatments. In this process the peening effects are characterized by the fact that the surface layer undergoes large plastic deformation due to the collision of shots. The effects are greatly influenced by the processing history or the thermal history of material. Little is known about the relation between hardness of the shot peened surface and the processing history of materials. In the present study, the effect of heating and subsequent re-shot peening on the surface characteristics of the shot-peened carbon steel was investigated. Shot peening was performed with an air-type machine using cast steel balls. Hardness and compressive residual stress in the re-shot peened workpieces were measured. When the heat treated workpiece was re-processed by shot peening, surface hardness and fatigue life of carbon steel were improved. It was found that the surface characteristics of the peened carbon steel were improved by heating and subsequent re-shot peening.

Surface Modification of Magnesium Alloy by Shot Lining and Laser Heating

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 703-708
Author(s):  
Yasunori Harada ◽  
Minoru Matsumoto ◽  
Masayuki Nunobiki ◽  
Katsuhiko Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Aluminum Foil ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Type Machine ◽  
High And Low Temperatures

Magnesium alloy has a wide range of application prospects in the automobile and electronic industries. However, peeling of the coating material may occur under harsh environments such as high and low temperatures and high humidity with the conventional coating techniques. The authors have proposed a lining process of metals with thin aluminium foils using shot peening. In this method, the foil can be bonded to the workpiece surface bringing about large plastic deformation. The pressure generated by the hit of many shots is utilized for the bonding. In the present study, to improve the surface characteristics of magnesium alloy, the formation of an Fe-Al intermetallic compound film on magnesium alloy by compound treatment combining shot lining method and heat treatment was mainly investigated. Shot peening was performed with a centrifugal-type machine using cast steel ball. The lined sheet is aluminum foil with pure iron powders, and the workpiece was the commercial magnesium alloys. The lined workpieces are heat treated by laser in air. The Vickers hardness test was performed with a microhardness tester. It was confirmed that the present method could be used for the formation of functional films on the magnesium alloy.

Effect of Microshot Peening on Surface Characteristics of Spring Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 374-377
Author(s):  
Yasunori Harada ◽  
Koji Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Compressive Residual Stress ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
New Type

Shot peening is a surface treatment that improves the performance of engineering components. In conventional shot peening, the medium consists of small spheres, which are usually made of high-carbon cast steel; the diameter of the spheres is in the range from 0.3 to 1.2mm. More recently, however, a new type of microshot has been developed to enhance the peening effect. The diameter of the spheres in the new medium is in the range from 0.02 to 0.15mm. In the present study, the effect of microshot peening on the surface characteristics of spring steel was investigated. The injection method of the microshot was of the compressed air type. The microshots of 0.1mm diameter were high-carbon cast steel and cemented carbide, and the workpiece used was the commercially spring steel JIS-SUP10. The surface roughness, hardness and compressive residual stress of the peened workpieces were measured. The surface layer of the workpieces was sufficiently deformed by microshot peening. A high hardness or residual stress was observed near the surface. The use of hard microshots such as cemented carbide was found to cause a significantly enhanced peening effect for spring steel.

Effect of Shot Peening Pressure Variation on Surface Characteristic of SS-316L Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP)

2016 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoga Rendra Saputra ◽  
Panji Prihandoko ◽  
Sunardi ◽  
Tutik Sriani ◽  
Gunawan Setia Prihandana
Keyword(s):  
Shot Peening ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Dynamic Compression ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Surface Characteristic ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Dynamic Compression Plate ◽  
Compression Plate

Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP) is a plate made of biomaterials like stainless steel 316L (SS-316L) or titanium, which is used for joining fractured/broken bones for fast recovery. Due to its excellent properties on corrosion, toughness, and hardness; SS-316L is widely used for medical application. Despite its excellent properties, the surface of SS-316L commonly degraded after machining. Therefore, the surface of SS-316L needs to be treated before further use. Shot peening is one of the methods to increase the surface hardness and roughness of material. This research aims to investigate the effect of shot peening to the surface of DCP made of SS-316L from its microstructures, surface roughness, and hardness. In this research, the DCP is designed for joining arms, which are upper-arm (humerus) and forearm (radius and ulna). First we machined the DCP to have holes and bend the plate to match the user bone structure. The DCP is 105 mm × 12 mm × 4 mm in dimension and has 6 holes, 5 mm diameter each, with holes aligned to the plate. After machining, the surface is modified by shot peening using following properties: steel ball (0.4 mm in diameter and hardness 250 HV), 100 mm nozzle-to-plate distance, and shot for 10 minutes. Our parameters are variations in pressure, ranging from 4 to 6 bar. The microstructure of the treated surface was analyzed after shot peening. The result shows that the shot peening treatment of SS-316L has increases its surface hardness and roughness with significant change on its microstructure, which makes a better surface characteristics for DCP.

scholarly journals Surface Characteristics of Low Carbon Steel JIS G3101 SS400 after Sandblasting Process by Steel Grit G25

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muslimin Muslimin ◽  
◽  
Azam Milah Muhamad ◽  
Farid Triawan ◽  
Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Hardness Profile ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Paint Thickness

This research aims to study the surface characteristics of low carbon steel JIS G3101 SS400 processed by sandblasting using steel grit G25. The sandblasting process is conducted at a fixed nozzle pressure of 5 bar and pressure angle of 90o, and varying nozzle-to-surface distances at 15, 25, and 30 cm, and blasting durations of 25, 45, and 120 s. Surface characterization is firstly carried out by conducting observation on the surface’s morphology by SEM and chemical composition by EDS. Subsequently, visual inspection and measurement on surface roughness and hardness profile identification by Rockwell and micro-Vickers hardness tests are conducted. A paint thickness test using ASTM D7091 was undertaken to observe the surface characteristics related to the coating process. Based on the result, SEM found valleys, granules, micro-cracks, and grits embedded on the surface. The visual inspection shows the roughness is within the range of Sa2 - Sa3 of ISO 8501 with values are Ra 18.1 and Ra 21.4 µm. The hardened layer exhibits a maximum hardness value of 332 HV and a depth of more than 50 µm by sandblasting parameters of 15 cm distance and 120 s duration. Both roughness and hardness profiles are confirmed, increasing with closer nozzle-to-surface distance and longer blast duration. It is concluded that sandblasting using steel grit G25 is effective in improving the mechanical strength and surface hardness of low carbon steel SS400. These mechanical properties are essential in the paint coating of machinery applications such as pump, tank, ship, and pipeline.

Fully Reversed Uniaxial Tension-Compression High Cycle Fatigue Behaviour of Shot-Peened Steels

2011 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Alan Plumtree ◽  
M. M. Mirzazadeh
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Limit ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Fatigue Behaviour ◽  
Cyclic Softening ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Quenched And Tempered Steel ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Compressive Residual Stresses

The effect of shot-peening on the uniaxial fatigue behaviour of four engineering steels, heat treated to a similar final hardness was investigated. Forged 0.39%C and 0.72%C steels, a quenched and tempered 0.51%C steel and a 0.50%C powder forged (PF) steel were fatigue tested under fully reversed (R=-1) push-pull loading conditions. Following long life (107) cycling, shot-peening had little effect on the fatigue limit of the 0.39%C and 0.72%C steels whereas the fatigue limit of the PF steel increased 10.4%. Conversely, the fatigue limit of the quenched and tempered steel decreased 12.0% after shot-peening. The results showed that the beneficial effects of shot-peening, such as compressive residual stresses and work hardening, balanced the effects of surface roughness since crack initiation tended to occur below the surface. Microhardness profiles showed that the greatest amount of cyclic softening in the shot-peened regions occurred in the hot rolled steels. Softening was accompanied by a decrease in the depth of surface hardness.

Study on the Dimensional Changes and Residual Stresses in Carbonitrided and Ferritic Nitrocarburized SAE 1010 Plain Carbon Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 829-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Yan Nan ◽  
Derek O. Northwood ◽  
Randy J. Bowers ◽  
Xi Chen Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
Dimensional Changes ◽  
Modification Technique ◽  
Ferritic Nitrocarburizing

Carbonitriding is a metallurgical surface modification technique that is widely used in the automotive industry to increase surface hardness and wear resistance. Given the problems associated with carbonitriding, such as dimensional distortion, oxidation and non-uniform surface hardness, nitrocarburizing has been proposed as an alternative heat treatment method to improve the surface characteristics. The major advantages of ferritic nitrocarburizing are the minimal dimensional changes and distortion due to the low process temperature at which no phase transformations occur. This increases productivity and product quality, and decreases costs. The focus of this study was to determine the effects of carbonitriding and ferritic nitrocarburizing processes on the dimensional changes and residual stresses in a steel used for automotive applications. Navy C-ring specimens and prototype stamped parts made from SAE 1010 plain carbon steel were used in the testing. Gas, vacuum and ion ferritic nitrocarburizing processes with different heat treatment parameters were investigated. X-ray diffraction techniques were used for the residual stresses evaluation and surface phase analysis of the specimens.

Lining of Carbon Steel with Metal Foils by Shot Peening

2007 ◽  
Vol 561-565 ◽  
pp. 853-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunori Harada ◽  
Kenzo Fukaura ◽  
Dae Gi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Surface Alloying ◽  
Metal Foils ◽  
Commercially Pure

A lining process for carbon steel using shot peening was investigated. In the shot peening experiment, the dissimilar foil set on the carbon steel substrate is pelted with many shots at a high velocity. The foil is bonded to the surface of the substrate due to plastic deformation induced by the collision of the shots. In the experiment, an air-type shot peening machine with an electrical heater was employed. The substrates are commercially carbon steel S45C, and the foils are commercially pure aluminum, pure copper, and pure nickel. The effects of shot conditions and the heating temperature on the joinability were examined. To improve surface characteristics such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the surface alloying of the lined workpiece was also attempted. The metal foils were successfully joined to the surface of the substrate. It was found that surface properties of carbon steel could be improved by the shot lining process.

Effect of Microshot Peening on Fatigue Strength of Austenite Stainless Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Yasunori Harada ◽  
Katsuhiko Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Hardened Layer ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Workpiece Surface ◽  
The Media ◽  
Type Machine

The effects of the peening conditions on the surface characteristics and fatigue strength of stainless steel were investigated by microshot peening (MSP). In recent years, MSP technology has attracted attention. The use of MSP technology with minute media has become more widespread in consideration of the reduction of the notch effect in the material surface. However, the effect of MSP technology on stainless steel has not been much studied. In the present study, an air-type machine was used. The media used was high-carbon cast steel (490 HV) and Fe-Cr-B alloy (1130 HV), with an average diameter of 0.1 mm. The peening time was in the range of 0 - 100 s. Four types of stainless steels, SUS304, SUS304L, SUS316, and SUS316L, were tested. The workpieces were annealed at 1100 K for 1.2 ks in air. In the measurement of fatigue strength, the workpieces were machined in hour-glass shape. As the results, surface roughness of the workpieces treated by MSP was small. Work hardening was evident to the depth of approximately 0.2 mm from the surface. This depth was about twice the diameter of shot media. However, the effect of the peening time on the hardness distribution was not large. The compressive residual stress was added in the surface vicinity. It is assumed that the fatigue limit had increased because the work hardened layer was formed near the workpiece surface.

Factors Influencing the Fatigue Behavior of Ferrous Laminates

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wittenauer ◽  
O. D. Sherby
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Crack ◽  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Layered Material ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Ultrahigh Carbon Steel ◽  
Processing History ◽  
Crack Blunting ◽  
Similar Processing

Laminates based on ultrahigh carbon steel were prepared and found to exhibit enhanced fatigue life as compared to a monolithic reference material. This result was achieved through the insertion of weak interlaminar regions of copper into the layered material during preparation of the laminates. The presence of these regions allowed for the operation of a delamination mechanism in advance of the propagating fatigue crack. The result was interlaminar separation and associated crack blunting. Stress-life curves show that an increase in life by as much as a factor of four is achieved for these materials when compared to monolithic specimens of similar processing history.

scholarly journals Influence of Shot Peening on the Isothermal Fatigue Behavior of the Gamma Titanium Aluminide Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb at 750 °C

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1083
Author(s):  
Christoph Breuner ◽  
Stefan Guth ◽  
Elias Gall ◽  
Radosław Swadźba ◽  
Jens Gibmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Shot Peening ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Stress Amplitude ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Isothermal Fatigue

One possibility to improve the fatigue life and strength of metallic materials is shot peening. However, at elevated temperatures, the induced residual stresses may relax. To investigate the influence of shot peening on high-temperature fatigue behavior, isothermal fatigue tests were conducted on shot-peened and untreated samples of gamma TiAl 48-2-2 at 750 °C in air. The shot-peened material was characterized using EBSD, microhardness, and residual stress analyses. Shot peening leads to a significant increase in surface hardness and high compressive residual stresses near the surface. Both effects may have a positive influence on lifetime. However, it also leads to surface notches and tensile residual stresses in the bulk material with a negative impact on cyclic lifetime. During fully reversed uniaxial tension-compression fatigue tests (R = −1) at a stress amplitude of 260 MPa, the positive effects dominate, and the fatigue lifetime increases. At a lower stress amplitude of 230 MPa, the negative effect of internal tensile residual stresses dominates, and the lifetime decreases. Shot peening leads to a transition from surface to volume crack initiation if the surface is not damaged by the shots.

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