Research on the Urban Landscape System Planning and Layout Based on the Perspective of Ecological Infrastructure

As the ecological infrastructure, the development of the ecological function of urban landscapes is determined not only by the reasonable design on its own scale, but also by the interaction of the urban-scaled landscape system. Virtually, the planning and layout of the urban landscape system represent the reasonable position of various projects in the overall landscape structure. The current paper, combined with the landscape ecology theory, put forward the idea primarily determining the distribution of single landscape projects through the priority of single project location, as well as the selection of ecological strategic points. In considering the distribution mode and landscape index, the overall layout of urban landscape system can be adjusted and optimized by consulting the landscape connectivity index, PX, and the nearest neighbor index, NNI. This planning idea is in favor of sustaining and strengthening the continuity of the whole landscape pattern, and maintaining the general ecological security of urban system.

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Research on the Urban Landscape System Planning and Layout Based on the Perspective of Ecological Infrastructure

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/scientific5/amr.450-451.1274 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 450-451 ◽

pp. 1274-1279

Author(s):

Yi Deng ◽

Ling Cai ◽

Zhao Xian Gong

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

System Planning ◽

Ecological Infrastructure ◽

Landscape System

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Diving Beetle (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) Community Dissimilarity Reveals How Low Landscape Connectivity Restricts the Ecological Value of Urban Ponds

10.21203/rs.3.rs-311754/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wenfei Liao ◽

Stephen Venn ◽

Jari Niemelä

Keyword(s):

Functional Connectivity ◽

Species Composition ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Landscape Connectivity ◽

Structural Connectivity ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Community Similarity ◽

Ecological Value ◽

Wetland Biodiversity

Abstract Context: Structural and functional connectivity, as subconcepts of landscape connectivity, are key factors in biodiversity conservation and management. Previous studies have focused on the consequences of connectivity for populations of terrestrial organisms, which may not be appropriate for aquatic organisms. Objectives: As landscape connectivity critically affects the potential value of ponds for biodiversity, here we used diving beetles (Dytiscidae), an indicator taxon of wetland biodiversity, to investigate how structural connectivity affects functional connectivity to aquatic invertebrates in an urban landscape. Methods: We assessed pairwise similarities of dytiscid community, i.e. the variation of species composition between clustered and isolated ponds in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. We investigated how dytiscid community similarity is affected by Euclidean distances between ponds, as an indicator of structural connectivity. Results: We found that clustered ponds shared more species than isolated ponds. Dytiscid species community similarity responded negatively to increasing Euclidean distance between ponds. Effectively dispersing species were widely distributed across the landscape, while poor dispersers were scarcely distributed in the same landscape. Conclusions: Structural connectivity determines which species are able to disperse successfully, with poor dispersers restricted to well-connected ponds. The different responses of effective dispersers and poor dispersers to the same structural connectivity indicates that functional connectivity determines species composition. We recommend providing well-connected aquatic habitats in urban landscapes and the implementation of measures to reduce isolation of wetland assemblages. Even clustered ponds need dispersal from other habitats to ensure their contribution to urban biodiversity.

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URBAN LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT

Proceedings 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age ◽

10.4995/isuf2017.2017.6020 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Vicente Collado Capilla ◽

Sonia Gómez-Pardo Gabaldón

Keyword(s):

New York ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Tall Buildings ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Landscape Assessment ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Cultural Issues ◽

Strategic Element ◽

The City

URBAN LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT Vicente Collado Capilla1 and Sonia Gómez-Pardo Gabaldón21Servicio de Infraestructura Verde y Paisaje. Generalitat Valenciana. Ciutat Administrativa 9 D'Octubre-Torre 1, C/ Castán Tobeñas 77, 46018 Valencia; 2Servicio Territorial de Urbanismo. Provincia de Valencia. Generalitat Valenciana. Prop I, C/ Gregorio Gea, nº 27, 46009 Valencia. E-mail: [email protected] [email protected] Key words: urban_landscape, streetcape, landscape_value, andscape_assessment, landscape_preferences. The urban landscape assesment as an important element in the quality of life and the sustainable development of the city constitutes an incipient field of investigation from a new perspective that adds meanings and values. An analysis of the different methodological developments and national and international experiences in the assessment of these landscapes will highlight its importance as a strategic element to improve the quality of the city. It starts from the concept of assessment as a system where tangible and intangible values are considered by the population and the experts. These include among other formal, economic, environmental, social, cultural issues (…) and the relationships between them. Consideration of the opinions of experts from different points of view such as urbanism and architecture but also environment, economy, geography, history, archeology, sociology, social assistance, etc. Together with the preferences expressed by the population regarding the spaces they inhabit on a daily basis and their aspirations, strengthen the sense of belonging and the identity of the place as key elements in the perception of the urban landscapes that allows to contribute new qualities, integration criteria and contemporary values to any type of intervention. These are strategies and intervention procedures that start from the complexity of the city as a system and incorporate the perception that citizens have or will have of their immediate environment. References: Czynska Klara and Pawel Rubinowicz (2015). ´Visual protection Surface method: Cityscape values in context of tall buildings´. SSS10 Proceedings of the 10 th International Space Syntax Symposium. Paquette Sylvain (2008). Guide de gestion des paysages au Québec. Université de Montréal Pallasmaa, Juhani (2005). The Eyes of the Skin. Architecture and the Senses. New York: John Wiley. Ministry of Environment and Energy The National Forest and Nature Agency (1997). International Survey of Architectural Values in the Environment. Denmark . The Landscape Institute and Institute of Environmental Management & Assessment (2013). Guidelines for Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment. Third Edition, London: Routledge.

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FRAGMENTATION AND DEGRADATION OF THE URBAN LANDSCAPE IN HERGLA, TUNISIA

International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research ◽

10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i12.2018.329 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 60-77

Author(s):

Meriem Chaggar ◽

Mohsen Boubaker

Keyword(s):

Citizen Participation ◽

Urban Sprawl ◽

Planning Process ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Survey Method ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Landscape Degradation ◽

The City

This research proposes to identify the factors of the urban landscapes degradation in Hergla’s city (Tunisia) according on the citizen participation. It is based on the survey method which is developed around two axes: the citizen perception of urban landscapes and the factors of their degradation. According to the responses obtained, "the sea" represents the particular value of the landscapes identified as "quality" in Hergla. Citizens don’t appreciate landscapes of urban sprawl which makes the city lose its identity. Moreover, the lack of citizen participation in the urban actions and the non-observance of the urban regulations are the most cited factors of the landscape degradation. These results highlight the importance of involving the citizens in the planning process for a sustainable territory.

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Comparison of foraging behaviour of small, urban-sensitive insectivores in continuous woodland and woodland remnants in a suburban landscape

Wildlife Research ◽

10.1071/wr05017 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (7) ◽

pp. 591 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

P. Hodgson ◽

K. French ◽

R. E. Major

Keyword(s):

Foraging Behaviour ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

High Density ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Insectivorous Birds ◽

Behavioural Changes ◽

Remnant Vegetation ◽

Negative Effect ◽

High Density Housing

Small patches of remnant vegetation are often considered to have low conservation value. In urban landscapes their value may potentially be higher than in other landscapes because they can be the only representatives of original native vegetation. Despite this potential, many small insectivorous birds that rely on native vegetation demonstrate sensitivities within urban landscapes through reduced numbers or total absence. One reason for this sensitivity may be that remnants are of suboptimal quality, which may be reflected in behavioural changes. Using five insectivorous species that were present (in low numbers) in remnants surrounded by high-density housing, foraging behaviour was examined in relation to vegetation. The proportion of time birds spent on different foraging substrates and plant species was compared with that of conspecifics in continuous vegetation. Canopy and shrub foragers showed minimal behavioural changes. Ground foragers in remnants tended to forage at lower heights than those in continuous vegetation; however, these changes did not appear to reflect a negative effect. These changes were partially explained by structural differences between vegetation in remnants and continuous sites. The number of times a bird attacked prey items was significantly higher in continuous habitat for only two species. Overall, the foraging behaviour of small insectivorous birds in remnants surrounded by high-density housing was not adversely affected by urbanisation and it appears that remnants have potential value as habitat and foraging sources in an urban landscape. Despite this, small insectivores are still sensitive to urbanisation, suggesting that other factors, probably in the matrix, are important.

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Birds as the Feeders of Ticks (Acari, Ixodida) in Megalopolis of Kyiv

Vestnik Zoologii ◽

10.2478/vzoo-2014-0055 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 467-470

Author(s):

I. V. Nebogatkin

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Parus Major ◽

Ground Level ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Haemaphysalis Concinna ◽

Corvus Frugilegus ◽

Motacilla Alba ◽

Taxonomic Groups

Abstract Birds as the Feeders of Ticks (Acari, Ixodida) in Megalopolis of Kyiv. Nebogatkin, I. V. - Data about ticks parasitizing on birds in the city of Kyiv were summarized. 117 birds and 27 nests were examined. Ticks were found on six species collecting food on the ground level: Great Tit (Parus major), White Wagtail (Motacilla alba), Rook (Corvus frugilegus), blackbird (Turdus merula), and Nuthatch (Sitta europaea). 56 Ixodidae specimens of four species from two genera were collected from the birds and their nests: Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758); I. arboricola Schulze et Schlottke, 1930; I. lividus (Koch, 1844), Haemaphysalis concinna Koch, 1844. Th e role of birds as feeders of all developmental stages of ticks not only increases under conditions of urban landscape, but also becomes leading in the places with low population of small mammals. Ectoparasites of birds of the other taxonomic groups along with the ticks can play an important role in maintaining the circulation of pathogens of various aetiologies in the urban landscapes.

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A PAISAGEM COMO CONDICIONADORA DE BORDAS DE FRAGMENTOS FLORESTAIS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v35i1.2427 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bethania Cristiane Herrmann ◽

Efraim Rodrigues ◽

André De Lima

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Patch Size ◽

Nearest Neighbor ◽

Core Area ◽

Forest Fragments ◽

Spatial Structures ◽

Landscape Index ◽

Area Index ◽

Components Analysis ◽

The Relationship

Fragmentos florestais diferem em sua estrutura espacial afetando a composição de espécies em suas bordas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a influência dos índices da paisagem sobre as bordas de fragmentos florestais próximos à cidade de Londrina - PR. As características estruturais dos fragmentos aqui consideradas incluem área, forma, área central e índice de área central; e as características estruturais da paisagem: área da classe, tamanho médio e coeficiente de variação do tamanho dos fragmentos de floresta, distância média até o fragmento florestal mais próximo e total de bordas de floresta. A relação entre composição de espécies, fragmentos florestais e índices de paisagem foi estudada através de Análise de Correspondência Canônica. Os índices de maior importância foram: área, forma e área central dos fragmentos. Godoy, fragmento com 2371,14 ha e inclui o Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy, apresentou maior variação na composição de espécies quando comparado com os demais. The landscape as conditioning of edges of forest fragments Abstract Forests fragments differ in their spatial structure afecting the species composition of edges. The objective of this paper was to analyze the influence of some landscape index over sapling species composition in edges of forests fragments near Londrina - PR. The spatial structures of fragments considered in this paper involved area, shape, core area and core area index; and the spatial structures of landscape: class area, mean patch size, coefficient of variation of the size of the patch (%), mean nearest neighbor distance and total edge of forest. The relationship between sapling species composition, forests fragments and landscape index were evaluated through Principal Components Analysis. Godoy, fragment with 2371,14 ha showed more variation in the species composition when compared with other fragments.

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A Complex Values Map of Marginal Urban Landscapes

International Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Information Systems ◽

10.4018/ijaeis.2013070103 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 41-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Maria Cerreta ◽

Giuliano Poli

Keyword(s):

Urban Landscape ◽

Time History ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Spatial Decision Support System ◽

Spatial Decision Support ◽

Analytic Hierarchy ◽

Time Period ◽

History Analysis ◽

Spatial Indicators ◽

Potential Factors

The paper seeks to highlight how the character and values of marginal landscapes can be considered examples of the “third landscape” and how they can enable the mapping of tangible and intangible change (and its relative effects) through the selection of appropriate spatial indicators. A Dynamic Spatial Decision Support System was constructed to help identify the complex values characterizing a selected area in Naples’ marginal urban landscape. The System consists of a set of selected indicators that represent the area’s distinguishing characteristics with specific focus on its critical and potential factors. The formulation of spatial indicators helps identify the ecological, socio-economic and urban characteristics of the case-study area, along with their historic evolution over a specific time period. Time History Analysis (THA) enables the identification of permanent elements and transformations along with the relationships among the various urban landscape components over time. The synergistic interaction between the appropriately structured Geographic Information System (GIS) and the multi-criteria Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method help to generate a complex values map of the analyzed landscape to support the definition and location of strategic actions.

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Nostalgia and the City: Urdushahr āshobpoetry in the aftermath of 1857

Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society ◽

10.1017/s135618631700013x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (4) ◽

pp. 559-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

EVE TIGNOL

Keyword(s):

Social History ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Careful Analysis ◽

Historical Study ◽

Urban Landscapes ◽

Colonial India ◽

New Meanings ◽

Memory And Trauma ◽

History Of ◽

The Impact

AbstractAfter the Uprising of 1857, many poets from north Indian cities resorted to the Urdu nostalgic genre ofshahr āshobto recall mournfully pre-colonial urban landscapes and articulate emotional and poetic narratives of loss. This article proposes to open new perspectives for the historical study of collective memory and trauma among Urdu-speakingashrāfin the nineteenth century by looking at one collection of such poems entitled ‘The Lament for Delhi (Fuġhān-e Dehlī)’ (1863), which has recently started to attract the attention of historians. Although scholarship has generally emphasised the continuity of these poems with theshahr āshobtradition, this article re-assesses this body of texts through a careful analysis of their main literary motifs and highlights their originality and divergence from previousshahr āshobs. Beyond the stereotypical, the poems of ‘The Lament for Delhi’ both construct 1857 as cultural trauma through the use of powerful literary devices and the performance of collective grief as well as re-channel memory and melancholy into the urban landscape by emphasising its materiality and reinvesting it with new meanings and stakes. This paper more broadly underlines the importance of this under-studied source to understand the impact of 1857 on the imaginary of Urdu-speakingashrāfand on the cultural and social history of colonial India.

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