The Effect of Different Drought Stress on Antioxidant Enzymes and Lipid Peroxidation on Zoysia japonica

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 5489-5492
Author(s):  
Zhong Lin Chen ◽  
Su Nan Xu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Shi Xie ◽  
Li Xia Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Mild Drought

The objective of this study was to understand the effects of mild, moderate and severe drought stress on zoysiagrass(Zoysia japonica). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were investigated. Mild drought(60%-70% of field capacity), moderate drought(45%-55% of field capacity), and severe drought (25%-35% of field capacity) were remained for 16 days. A gradual increase was observed in SOD activity of Zoysiagrass from 1 to13 days of drought stress in all treatments. POD and CAT activity, and lipid peroxidation increased in all treatments, and maximum change was happened in severe drought group. Severe drought has more serious damage to Zoysia japonica than mild drought and moderate drough. This suggests that Zoysiagrass has excellent drought tolerance and its ability to survive in the drought environment is very strong.

Phedimus Aizoon L. Responds to Drought Stress: Growth, Physiological Changes and Mechanism of Drought Resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhang Liu ◽  
Zhongqun He ◽  
Yongdong Xie ◽  
Lihong Su ◽  
Ruijie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Mild Drought

Abstract A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the growth, physiological changes and mechanism of drought resistance of Phedimus aizoon L. under different levels of water content .CK: 75% ~ 80% of the MWHC (maximum water holding capacity), Mild drought: 55% ~ 60%, Moderate drought: 40% ~ 45%, Severe drought: 20% ~ 25%.We observed that the plants grew normally in the first two treatments, even the mild drought promoted the growth of the roots. In the last two treatments, drought stress had a significant negative effect on plant growth, at the same time, Phedimus aizoon L. also made positive physiological response to cope with the drought: The aboveground part of the plant (leaf, plant height, stem diameter) was smaller, the waxy layer of the leaves was thickened, the stomata of the leaves were closed during the day, and only a few stomata were opened at night, which proved that the dark reaction cycle metabolism mode of the plant was transformed from C3 cycle to CAM pathway. The activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD and CAT) was continuously increased to alleviate the damage caused by drought. To ensure the relative stability of osmotic potential, the contents of osmoregulation substances such as proline, soluble sugar, soluble protein and trehalose increased correspondingly. But plants have limited regulatory power, with aggravation of drought stress degree and extension of stress time, the MDA content and electrolyte leakage of leaves increased continuously. Observed under electron microscope,the morphology of chloroplast and mitochondria changed and the membrane structure was destroyed. The plant's photosynthetic and respiratory mechanisms are destroyed and the plant gradually die.

scholarly journals Water Deficit Irrigation Impacts on Antioxidant Metabolism Associated with Freezing Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass

2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-Juan Zhang ◽  
Tian-Xiu Zhong ◽  
Li-Xin Xu ◽  
Lie-bao Han ◽  
Xunzhong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolism ◽  
Mild Drought

Soil water deficit impacts cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), but the mechanisms underlying have not been well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation before and during cold acclimation on osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass. The grass was subjected to three-soil moisture levels: well-watered [100% container capacity (CC)], deficit irrigation induced-mild drought stress (60% CC), and severe drought stress (30% CC) for 35 days including 14 days at 24/20 °C (day/night) and then 21 days under cold acclimation treatment (2 °C) in growth chambers. Leaf proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) levels were higher in the grass under mild drought stress relative to that under severe drought stress. Superoxide (O2−·), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were higher in the grass under severe drought relative to that under well-watered and mild drought stress at day 35. Mild drought stress increased catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity, induced new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and POD during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35). No differences in osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance were found between mild drought and well-watered treatments. The results of this study suggest deficit irrigation-induced mild drought stress in late fall and winter could induce accumulation of osmoprotectants and improve antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance, but severe drought stress could reduce freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass in the region with limited precipitation.

scholarly journals Water relations and some aspects of leaf metabolism of Jatropha curcas young plants under two water deficit levels and recovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela B. Arcoverde ◽  
Bruno M. Rodrigues ◽  
Marcelo F. Pompelli ◽  
Mauro G. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Severe Stress ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Mda Content ◽  
Main Barrier

Stomatal conductance (g s), transpiration (E), relative water content (RWC), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), leaf carbohydrate soluble (LCS), free amino acids (FAA) and total protein (TP) content were measured under mild and severe drought stress in young potted Jatropha curcas L. in the greenhouse. The plants were kept for 12 days under three different water regimes, control (well hydrated), 50% irrigation control (mild stress) and 25% (severe stress), after rehydration were measured on the second and fourth day. Both mild and severe stress decreased g s and E; however, only severe stress reduced LCS, FAA and TP content and increased SOD activity (70%) and MDA content (60%) compared with the control. Moreover, under these conditions the plants showed severe leaf senescence. These results show that only severe drought stress decrease foliar metabolism in potted plants. These results show that severe drought decreased metabolism and leaf RWC, in potted plants. However, 48 h under a moderate stress is enough to drive the stomatal control is the main barrier against water loss. Finally, in the fourth day after rehydration the plants under a moderate and severe drought even had a g s and E reduced in both evaluation periods.

scholarly journals The Effect of Potassium Addition on Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Roots Anatomic Properties under Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Wiski Irawan ◽  
Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Cell Width ◽  
K Fertilizer ◽  
Moderate Drought

The availability of water is one of the main limiting factors for oil palm growth and production. Potassium (K) is an essential nutrient for plants because of its role in controlling metabolic and physiological activities. This study aimed to examine the effect of different K fertilizer doses on root anatomic properties under drought stress. The experiment was arranged in factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors. The first factor was drought stress, consisting of three levels of fractions of transpirable soil water (FTSW) (FTSW 1 (control: field capacity); FTSW 0.35 (moderate drought); FTSW 0.15 (severe drought)) and the second factor was K dose (sourced from KCl), consisting of five levels (K0: 0%; K1: 50%; K2: 100%; K3: 150%; K4: 200%). The results showed that there was an interaction between the addition of K doses and the tolerance level of oil palm plants to drought stress. The addition of 100% K gave higher results in the parameters of xylem diameter, phloem diameter and cortex cell width compared to the plants without K. The results disclosed that 200% K application on moderate drought stress and severe drought stress in oil palm seedlings could widen xylem diameter, phloem diameters, strengthen cell such as epidermal cells, cortex cells, thickness of endodermic cells, thickness of sclerenchyma cells and increase hardness of cell compared to field capacity. As for the parameters of thick endodermic cells, stele diameter and sclerenchyma diameter, an addition of 50% K could give higher results.

scholarly journals Exogenous salicylic acid-induced drought stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown under hydroponic culture

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260556
Author(s):  
Ali Ahmad ◽  
Zubair Aslam ◽  
Maliha Naz ◽  
Sadam Hussain ◽  
Talha Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root Length ◽  
Shoot Length ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Condition ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Mild Drought

Wheat is an important cereal crop, which is adversely affected by water deficit stress. The effect of induced stress can be reduced by the application of salicylic acid (SA). With the objective to combat drought stress in wheat, an experiment was conducted in greenhouse under hydroponic conditions. The treatments consisted of (a) no drought (DD0 = 0 MPa), mild drought (DD1 = -0.40 MPa) and severe drought (DD2 = -0.60 MPa) by applying PEG-8000, (b) two contrasting wheat varieties Barani-17 (drought tolerant) and Anaj-17 (drought-sensitive), and (c) foliar treatments of salicylic acid (0, 50 mM, 75 mM, and 100 mM). Evaluation of wheat plants regarding biochemical, physiological, and morphological attributes were rendered after harvesting of plants. Statistically, maximum shoot and root fresh and dry weights (18.77, 11.15 and 1.99, 1.81 g, respectively) were recorded in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought condition with the application of SA (100 mM). While, minimum shoot and root fresh and dry weights (6.65, 3.14 and 0.73, 0.61 g, respectively) were recorded in cultivar Anaj-2017 under mild drought stress without SA application. The maximum shoot length (68.0 cm) was observed in cultivar Barani-2017 under no drought condition with the application of SA (100 mM). While, maximum root length (59.67 cm) was recorded in cultivar Anaj-17 under moderate drought stress without application of SA. Further, minimum shoot length (28.67 cm) was recorded in Anaj-17 under moderate drought stress without SA application. Minimum root length (38.67 cm) was recorded in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought condition without SA application. Furthermore, maximum physio-biochemical traits, including membrane stability index (MSI), chlorophyl content, photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, antioxidant enzymatic activities and relative water content (RWC) were found highest in cultivar Barani-17 under no drought stress and SA application at 100 mM. However, minimum values of these traits were recorded in cultivar Anaj-17 under severe drought stress without SA application. Our results also demonstrated that under severe drought, application of SA at 100 mM significantly increased leaf nitrogen (N), phosphrus (P) and potassium (K) contents and cultivar Barani-17 demonstrated significantly higher values than Anaj-17. The obtained results also indicated that the cultivation of wheat under drought stress conditions noticeably declines the morphological, physiological, and biochemical attributes of the plants. However, the exogenous application of SA had a positive impact on wheat crop for enhancing its productivity.

scholarly journals The role of calcium in drought stress response induced through antioxidant activity in oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) seedlings

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Endah NURWAHYUNI ◽  
Eka Tarwaca Susila PUTRA
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Drought Treatment ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Effects Of Drought

Oil palm productivity in Indonesia faces challenges related to drought that occur during the dry season. Calcium is an element that plays a role in determining the response of plant resistance to drought through biochemical activity. This study aims to determine the contribution of calcium in biochemical mechanisms involving various antioxidants. The treatment was arranged in factorial of 3 x 4 in a split-plot design. The first factor was calcium dosage, which consisted of 0 g (control/without calcium), 0.04 g, 0.08 g, and 0.12 g of calcium per plant. The second factor was the intensity of drought stress, referred as the Fraction of Transpirable Soil Water (FTSW) at 1 (control/field capacity), 0.35 (moderate drought), and 0.15 (severe drought) with a week duration of intensity. Calcium was applied in a ring placement on four-month-old seedlings planted in 40 x 40 cm polybags with alfisol soil planting medium and given drought treatment two months later for three weeks. The results showed that calcium could induce plant response to drought through the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, the decrease in hydrogen peroxide   (H₂O₂) concentration, and the decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. The study concluded that calcium is an essential element used to reduce the effects of drought on oil palm seedlings through the change of biochemical activities regulated by enzymatic antioxidants.

The effects of spraying methanol solution and drought stress on level of antioxidant enzyme activity, growth, biomass and yield of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.cv.COS16)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nezam Armand ◽  
Hamzeh Amiri ◽  
Ahmad Ismaili
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activity ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Moderate Drought

An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of methanol solution spray treatment on growth, biomass, and functional properties of bean plant under drought stress. The experiment was set up as a fully-randomized design with three replications. The first factor was four concentration levels of spray solution (Control, 10, 20, and 30%) and the spray was applied three times during the plant growth season at 10-day intervals. The second factor was three levels of drought stress; severe drought stress (25% field capacity), moderate drought stress (75% field capacity), and non-stress (100% field capacity). Test results showed that under 20% of methanol and conditions of non-stress there was significant growth of protein content of root and leaf in comparison with the control. Antioxidant enzyme activity was not affected by application of methanol solution spray but leaf antioxidant enzymes activity declined. Under non-stress and methanol concentrations of 10 and 20%, results showed a significant increase in all morphological properties compared with the control treatment. Under conditions of severe and moderate drought stress, level of methanol solution spray did not mitigate the negative effects of drought stress on the studied properties.

scholarly journals Physiological Mechanism of Drought-Resistant Rice Coping with Drought Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benfu Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Yang ◽  
Jianping Cheng ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Yuanyuan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Photochemical Quenching ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
Drought Resistant ◽  
Mild Drought

Abstract Drought stress is one of major threats to rice production. The weakening of leaf photosynthesis due to drought is the main reason for the reduction of grain yield, but its mechanism is still obscure. The objectives of this study were to reveal the physiological mechanism of drought stress affecting photosynthetic capacity and grain yield. Pot experiments were conducted with three rice cultivars, Hanyou113 (HY113), Huanghuazhan (HHZ) and Zhonghan3 (ZH3) under four water management treatments (traditional flooding (CK), mild drought stress (LD), moderate drought stress (MD) and severe drought stress (HD)) in 2013 and 2014. Compared with CK, grain yield was significantly reduced by 14.9%, 30.8% and 12.8% in HY113, HHZ and ZH3 under mild drought stress, 32.9%, 33.7% and 22.9% in HY113, HHZ and ZH3 under moderate drought stress and 53.6%, 45.6% and 30.7% in HY113, HHZ and ZH3 under severe drought stress, respectively. The photosynthetic rate (Pn) decreased by 49.0% from 20.0 to 10.2 µmol m-2 s-1 in HY113, and 67.6% from 23.4 to 7.58 µmol m-2 s-1 in HHZ, and 39.3% from 23.4 to 14.2 in ZH3. The Pn of HHZ was similar to that of ZH3 under CK conditions. The yield reduction of drought-resistant cultivars was smaller than that of conventional cultivars. Maintaining leaf water potentia (LWP), Pn, photosystem II (PSII) original light energy conversion efficiency, non–photochemical quenching coefficient (NPQ), and increasing in the ratio of photochemical reaction energy in fluorescence and antioxidant enzyme activity, is the physiological basis to achieve a relatively high photosynthesis. These traits could be the target for breeder to developing drought-tolerant varieties.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of mungbean (Vigna radiata) varieties to drought stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Nazran ◽  
JU Ahmed ◽  
AJMS Karim ◽  
TK Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Water Relation ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Water Regimes ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Moderate Drought

A pot experiment under polyshed condition was carried out at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during the period from 27 March 2017 to 5 May 2017 to study the physiological responses of mungbean varieties to drought stress under varying water regimes. The treatments consisted of four mungbean varieties, namely BARI Mung-5, BARI Mung-6, BUmug 2, BUmug 4 and three water regimes viz., 50 to 60% field capacity (FC), 70 to 80% FC and 90 to100% FC which were considered as severe drought stress, moderate drought stress and non-stress, respectively. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement having four replications. Results indicated that BARI Mung-6 maintained significantly the highest relative water content, leaf water potential, proline content, shoot dry matter and lower rate of electrolyte leakage at 50 to 60% FC (severe drought stress). BUmug 2 showed the lowest performance in terms of all the water relation and physiological characters which indicates its higher sensitivity to severe drought stress. Variety BARI Mung-6 was relatively water stress tolerant than others in respect of physiological adaptations. So, BARI Mung-6 can be a potential variety for cultivation under drought condition where irrigation facility is limited. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 1-11, March 2019

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