Evaluation of Highway Alignment Safety Design Based on Operating Speed

2012 ◽  
Vol 594-597 ◽  
pp. 1463-1466
Author(s):  
Sheng Neng Hu ◽  
Pan Qiu ◽  
Qin Dong Fan ◽  
Zhong Huang Hu

Highway safety is one of the targets of the road design, coordination of highway design index and the actual vehicle speed is the key. According to the analysis of automobile speed observation data, established the plain or hilly area two road car model, put forward highway alignment design safety evaluation standards and safety design method.

2012 ◽  
Vol 238 ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Sheng Neng Hu

Aiming at the disadvantages of traditional design method of highway alignment and existent problems including subjectivity, reliability index, comprehensive, applicability etcetera in highway alignment evaluation with running speed. On the basis of the “safety first” idea for highway design, the concept of change rate of curvature has been proposed. Curvature change rate is the clear factor impacting on road traffic safety. Road quality evaluation standard is established based on the curvature change rate and its application method in highway alignment design method. The method not only effectively evaluates highway alignment quality, but also may be used as the basis for the selection index of highway geometric design.


2012 ◽  
Vol 182-183 ◽  
pp. 1131-1134
Author(s):  
Xiao Jia Chen ◽  
Yi Cheng Luo

In the current highway design, poor coordinate of the alignment has a great effect on the sight distance which would increase the danger and difficulty of driving. For this reason, safety checking for highway alignment is required by the current standard. In this paper, 3D simulation technique was used to model the real scene of driving. Based on the concept of the preview sight distance (PVSD), two typical coordinates of alignment in practice were discussed. Although the current standard requirement is met, it is demonstrated that the alignment in the location of a minor horizontal curve and combination of a tangent with a circular curve could still provide driver confusing information. Some recommendations were suggested so as to improve the highway alignment design.


2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Hai Feng Li ◽  
Xue Jun Xu ◽  
Xin Sha Fu

With the fast development of the freeway construction in China and the increasing demand of the improvement of the landscape and safety in the highway system, the traditional method of the highway alignment design cannot meet the need mentioned above. A Three dimensional highway real-time visual system (3DHVS) is developed as a basic platform for the highway visual and physics simulate, which had many merit in the highway alignment, landscape and safety design by the means of fly-through, interactive and physics simulation with the virtual scene. By analyzing the disadvantage of the widely used design method, a performance and expansible architecture of 3DHVS is presented. Finally, we show the application of the system.


2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3573-3579
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhong Su ◽  
Dong Yi Zhang ◽  
Shuai Zhang

Green road design concept is a design concept of road engineering design,which is in order to harmonize the human, motor vehicle, road and their surrounding environments, which is a comprehensive design concept of moderation, coordination and mutualism. That is said the devotion in environmental protection and landscape should also be enlarged, in addition to satisfying the road usage technique condition in the road engineering design. The road engineering design should not only satisfy a safety, fast and convenient function of the road, but also should keep an environmental protection, beauty, flowing freely of the landscape design. These will not only create an keeping vigilance and excitement beautiful work space for the drivers, but also can provide a fascinating, delightful feeling and an enjoyment of the beauty of the travel conditions and landscape for the visitors in the meantime. This is an inevitable request in promoting district economy virtuous cycle, and also is an important content of the highway design in future.


2014 ◽  
Vol 488-489 ◽  
pp. 1409-1412
Author(s):  
Fang Wang

With the rapid development of Chinese highway construction, domestic highway design has stepped into the stage of efficacy. At the present stage, traditional highway design method on the basis of vehicle dynamics is exposing more and more drawbacks. The main factor affecting traffic accidents in highway transportation system should be analyzed form a new perspective and complementarity for Design Specification for Highway Alignment should be proposed. The purpose of this research is summering the relative research and its technique of highway safety.


Author(s):  
Shuyi Wang ◽  
Tianheng Chen ◽  
Bin Yu ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Xiaochun Qin

Impaired visibility resulting from rainfall contributes greatly to the occurrence of traffic accidents. This study presents a numerical simulation approach to analyze the extent to which the coupling of spray and raindrops reduces visibility and thus proposes safe speeds against inadequate visibility. The spray-raindrop coupling particles were modeled by considering the real highway design parameters and rainfall conditions. The road visibility was estimated through simulating the multiple scattering process of taillights in the spray-rain medium, and the maximum safe speed against inadequate visibility was then derived by comparing the visibility with the required stopping sight distance. Results show that: 1) either a high speed of the front truck or a thick water-film results in a significant reduction in road visibility and the maximum safe speed of the ego vehicle, 2) front vehicle speed plays a more important role in visibility reduction than the water-film thickness does.


Author(s):  
Dmitriy Nemchinov

The article presents an analysis of positive practices for ensuring the safety of pedestrians at the inter-section of the city streets carriageway, as well as a description of some innovations of regulatory and tech-nical documents, including an increased number of cases when a safety island can be arranged at a pedestri-an crossing. requirements for providing visibility at a pedestrian crossing to determine the minimum distance of visibility at a pedestrian crossing based on the time required pedestrians for crossing the roadway, recommended options for using ground unregulated pedestrian crossings on trapezoidal artificial irregularities according to GOST R 52605; traffic flow) and Z-shaped (also in the direction of the traffic flow), the requirements for the size of the securi-ty island have been established to allow put bicycle inside of safety island, a recommended set of measures to reduce the vehicle speed and describes the types of activities and describes a method of their application, describes methods zones device with reduced travel speed - residential and school zones, set requirements for turboroundabouts and methods of their design.


Author(s):  
Thierry Brenac

This paper deals with safety at horizontal curves on two-lane roads outside urban areas and the way the road design standards of different European countries account for this safety aspect. After a review of some research results, the main aspects of curve geometry and the curve's place in the horizontal alignment are analyzed. The main conclusions are that the traditional design speed approach is insufficient and that formal complementary rules in road design standards, especially to improve compatibility between successive elements of the alignment, must be introduced. If such complementary rules already exist in some national standards, they are neither frequent nor homogeneous throughout the different countries, and it seems that they are not based on sufficiently developed knowledge.


Author(s):  
Tom Partridge ◽  
Lorelei Gherman ◽  
David Morris ◽  
Roger Light ◽  
Andrew Leslie ◽  
...  

Transferring sick premature infants between hospitals increases the risk of severe brain injury, potentially linked to the excessive exposure to noise, vibration and driving-related accelerations. One method of reducing these levels may be to travel along smoother and quieter roads at an optimal speed, however this requires mass data on the effect of roads on the environment within ambulances. An app for the Android operating system has been developed for the purpose of recording vibration, noise levels, location and speed data during ambulance journeys. Smartphone accelerometers were calibrated using sinusoidal excitation and the microphones using calibrated pink noise. Four smartphones were provided to the local neonatal transport team and mounted on their neonatal transport systems to collect data. Repeatability of app recordings was assessed by comparing 37 journeys, made during the study period, along an 8.5 km single carriageway. The smartphones were found to have an accelerometer accurate to 5% up to 55 Hz and microphone accurate to 0.8 dB up to 80 dB. Use of the app was readily adopted by the neonatal transport team, recording more than 97,000 km of journeys in 1 year. To enable comparison between journeys, the 8.5 km route was split into 10 m segments. Interquartile ranges for vehicle speed, vertical acceleration and maximum noise level were consistent across all segments (within 0.99 m . s−1, 0.13 m · s−2 and 1.4 dB, respectively). Vertical accelerations registered were representative of the road surface. Noise levels correlated with vehicle speed. Android smartphones are a viable method of accurate mass data collection for this application. We now propose to utilise this approach to reduce potential harmful exposure, from vibration and noise, by routing ambulances along the most comfortable roads.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196
Author(s):  
Sébastien Laurent ◽  
Laurence Paire-Ficout ◽  
Jean-Michel Boucheix ◽  
Stéphane Argon ◽  
Antonio Hidalgo-Muñoz

The question of the possible impact of deafness on temporal processing remains unanswered. Different findings, based on behavioral measures, show contradictory results. The goal of the present study is to analyze the brain activity underlying time estimation by using functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) techniques, which allow examination of the frontal, central and occipital cortical areas. A total of 37 participants (19 deaf) were recruited. The experimental task involved processing a road scene to determine whether the driver had time to safely execute a driving task, such as overtaking. The road scenes were presented in animated format, or in sequences of 3 static images showing the beginning, mid-point, and end of a situation. The latter presentation required a clocking mechanism to estimate the time between the samples to evaluate vehicle speed. The results show greater frontal region activity in deaf people, which suggests that more cognitive effort is needed to process these scenes. The central region, which is involved in clocking according to several studies, is particularly activated by the static presentation in deaf people during the estimation of time lapses. Exploration of the occipital region yielded no conclusive results. Our results on the frontal and central regions encourage further study of the neural basis of time processing and its links with auditory capacity.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document