Study on the Conditions of Plasma-Induced Graft Acrylic Acid on Polyethersulfone Substrates

2012 ◽  
Vol 627 ◽  
pp. 791-795
Author(s):  
Ru Li ◽  
Fen Fen Liu ◽  
Ji Fei Deng
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Low Temperature Plasmas

The use of low-temperature plasmas to modify the surface of substrates and grafted acrylic acid is discussed. Their surface composition characterized by attenuated total reflectance fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra and water contact angle. The results of various techniques indicated that acrylic acid could be incorporated in the membrane surface. The plasma treatment time，plasma treatment power and grafting time effect on water contact angle. The water contact angle decreased from 67° for virgin PES to 11° for the plasma-induced and 0° for grafted AA.

scholarly journals ADHESION OF PET/PSMA INTERFACES REINFORCED WITH PLASMA TREATMENT

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (02n03) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
CHI-AN DAI ◽  
TAI-AN TSUI ◽  
YAO-YI CHENG
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Pet Film ◽  
Pet Films

The interface between biaxially oriented poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films and poly (styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) was reinforced by nitrogen plasma treatment of PET film and subsequent annealing treatment of the PET/PSMA bi-material. The fracture toughness, Gc, of the interface was quantitatively measured using an asymmetric double cantilever beam test (ADCB). X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) was used to measure the change in the surface composition of PET films upon plasma treatment and correlate the fracture toughness of the interface. The fracture energy of PET/PSMA interface is significantly enhanced by annealing the plasma treated PET with PSMA at a temperature greater than the glass transition temperature of PSMA (~ 120°C). At an annealing temperature of 150°C, Gc increases with increasing plasma treatment time and reaches a plateau value of ~ 100–120 J/m2, a two order of magnitude increase in Gc compared with that of samples annealed at 130°C. The enhancement of the adhesion is resulted from the in-situ formation of copolymers due to reaction between amine functional groups from the plasma treatment and anhydride groups from PSMA. For plasma treatment time < 10 s, scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurement show that the fracture surface is relatively smooth indicating an interfacial failure between PET/PSMA. With increasing plasma treatment time and therefore increasing the amount of nitrogen functional groups on PET surface, large plastic deformation takes place at the PET/PSMA interface. For treatment time ≥ 100–150 s, the PET/PSMA interface becomes stronger than PET bulk material and consequently crack deviates from the interface and the failure occurs within the PET film. The interlayer fracture energy of a biaxially oriented PET film can thus be quantitatively measured with a Gc value of roughly 120 J/m2.

Hysteretic memory in pH-response of water contact angle on poly(acrylic acid) brushes

Soft Matter ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 3589-3599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Yadav ◽  
Adrienne V. Harkin ◽  
Megan L. Robertson ◽  
Jacinta C. Conrad
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Ph Response ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Improving the Surface Wettability of Parylene C Film by Hyperthermal Hydrogen Induced Cross-Linking Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Hong Shao ◽  
Chang Yu Tang ◽  
Mao Bing Shuai ◽  
Ke Qing Xu ◽  
Yuan Lin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Surface Wettability ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Parylene C ◽  
Wetting Property ◽  
Polar Functional Groups

In this paper, we present a new approachcalled hyperthermal hydrogen induced cross-linking (HHIC) technology,which can successfully enhance the surface wettability of Parylene C (PC) film via cross-linking hydrophilic polyacrylic acid（PAA）on its surface. Water Contact Angle Meter and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize wetting property, surface chemical structureof PC film before or after HHIC treatment,respectively. The results show that PAA with polar functional groups can be successfully grafted onto the PC film. As a result, the water contact angle of the modified PC membrane surface decreased from 84° to 23°,PC membrane surface wettability is improved effectively.

scholarly journals Germination of Phaseolus vulgaris L. Seeds after a Short Treatment with a Powerful RF Plasma

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (13) ◽  
pp. 6672
Author(s):  
Nina Recek ◽  
Matej Holc ◽  
Alenka Vesel ◽  
Rok Zaplotnik ◽  
Peter Gselman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Short Treatment ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Radicle Growth

Seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), of the Etna variety, were treated with low-pressure oxygen plasma sustained by an inductively coupled radiofrequency discharge in the H-mode for a few seconds. The high-intensity treatment improved seed health in regard to fungal contamination. Additionally, it increased the wettability of the bean seeds by altering surface chemistry, as established by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and increasing surface roughness, as seen with a scanning electron microscope. The water contact angle at the seed surface dropped to immeasurably low values after a second of plasma treatment. Hydrophobic recovery within a month returned those values to no more than half of the original water contact angle, even for beans treated for the shortest time (0.5 s). Increased wettability resulted in accelerated water uptake. The treatment increased the bean radicle length, which is useful for seedling establishment in the field. These findings confirm that even a brief plasma treatment is a useful technique for the disinfection and stimulation of radicle growth. The technique is scalable to large systems due to the short treatment times.

scholarly journals Developing Super-Hydrophobic and Abrasion-Resistant Wool Fabrics Using Low-Pressure Hexafluoroethane Plasma Treatment

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3228
Author(s):  
Shama Parveen ◽  
Sohel Rana ◽  
Parikshit Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Wool Fabrics

The growing interest in wool fibres as an eco-friendly and sustainable material for diverse industrial applications requires an enhancement of their functional performance. To address this, wool fabrics were treated in the present research with low-pressure hexafluoroethane (C2F6) plasma to impart superhydrophobicity and improve their abrasion resistance. Unscoured and scoured wool fabrics were treated with C2F6 while varying plasma power (80 W and 150 W), gas flow rate (12 sccm and 50 sccm) and treatment time (6 min and 20 min), and the effect of plasma parameters on the abrasion resistance, water contact angle and dyeing behaviour of the wool fabrics was studied. Martindale abrasion testing showed that the surface abrasion of the wool fabrics increased with the number of abrasion cycles, and the samples treated with 150 W, 20 min, 12 sccm showed superior abrasion resistance. The scoured wool fabrics showed a contact angle of ~124°, which was stable for only 4 min 40 s, whereas the plasma-treated samples showed a stable contact angle of over 150°, exhibiting a stable superhydrophobic behaviour. The C2F6 plasma treatment also significantly reduced the exhaustion of an acid dye by wool fabrics. The EDX study confirmed the deposition of fluorine-containing elements on the wool fabrics significantly altering their properties.

Surface Modification of PS Super-Filtration Membranes with Low Temperature Plasma

2013 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru Li ◽  
Fen Fen Liu ◽  
Ji Fei Deng
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Water Fluxes ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Polysulfone Membranes

The polysulfone membranes surface modification by the low temperature air plasma for the study. The PS membranes surface composition, filtration, antifouling characteristics with the modification was characterized by water contact angle, water fluxes, interception rate. Polysulfone membranes hydrophilic has been greatly improved, by water contact angle decreased significantly with low temperature air plasma treatment .Optimal conditions for plasma processing are power 60W, 1.5min, vacuum 60Pa.The water fluxes for the modified PS were increased 2.3 times than the nascent one, the interception rate was little changed. Membrane pollution gradually increased as the wastewater permeation flux decreased with time.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi dan Kinerja Membran Polyethersulfone Termodifikasi Aditif Anorganik secara Blending Polimer

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Umi Fathanah ◽  
Hesti Meilina
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Dimethyl Acetamide ◽  
Phase Inversion Technique ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Pes Membrane

Recently, membrane technology has developed rapidly as a process for water treatment. The membrane process is in demand due to several advantages including being able to work at low temperatures, easier to operate and easy to scale up. Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2) is an inorganic compound that is inexpensive, non-toxic and hydrophilic, so it has the potential to be used as an additive in membrane fabrication. This study aims to determine the characteristics and performance (permeability and selectivity) of Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane modified with Mg(OH)2, using dimethyl Acetamide (DMAc) as solvent. The membrane was made by blending polymer with phase inversion technique and the characterization carried out included membrane morphological tests, functional group tests, water contact angle tests and evaluating membrane performance by measuring membrane selectivity and permeability. The results showed that the hydroxyl group contained in Mg(OH)2 was able to increase the hydrophilicity which was indicated by a decrease in the water contact angle on the modified membrane to 65o. The Mg(OH)2 additive acts as a pore-forming agent which can be seen in the changes in membrane morphology on the cross-section of the membrane surface. The performance of the membrane resulted in an increase in membrane permeability of 51 L/m2.hour.bar with humid acid rejection of 63%.

scholarly journals Surface Characterisation of PEEK and Dentin, Treated with Atmospheric Non-Thermal PDD Plasma, Applicable for Dental Chair-Side Procedures

Plasma ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398
Author(s):  
Marius Behnecke ◽  
Vincent Steinert ◽  
Svea Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Acid Etching ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
Contact Angle Measurements ◽  
Dentin Tubules ◽  
Phosphoric Acid Etching

This study investigates the suitability of Piezoelectric Direct Discharge Plasma as a tool for wetting behaviour modification of PEEK and dentin, and compares the results of this method with low-pressure plasma treatment and phosphoric acid etching. Static contact angle measurements were made, roughness was assessed using tactile measurement, and AFM and SEM images were taken. An optimum operating distance of ≤15 mm was determined for the plasma based on the water contact angle. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that despite only a fraction of the power, the PDD plasma also produces hydrophilic and nanostructured PEEK surfaces with a 38° water contact angle in the same plasma time. In contrast, the gold standard of dental surface modification of dentin—phosphoric acid etching—showed no measurable contact angle due to the exposed dentin tubules. Treatment with PDD plasma reduces the water contact angle of dentin from 65° to 43° and is not negative affected by water. Wet, PDD plasma-treated dentin samples show a water contact angle of only 26.5°. The dentin tubules exposed by chemical etching led to a significantly increased roughness. No comparable effect could be demonstrated for plasma treatment on dentin, but based on the contact angle measurements, a chemically strongly activated surface with strongly polar interaction behaviour can be assumed. The additional use of the PDD plasma technique to improve wetting could therefore have a positive effect on the adhesive bond between human dentin and polymeric dental restorative materials or, depending on the adhesive system, replace the etching process altogether.

Preparation of Super Absorbent Polymer by Carboxymethyl Cellulose Grafting Acrylic Acid Using Low-Temperature Plasma Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2578-2583
Author(s):  
Li Jie Huang ◽  
Ting Xu ◽  
Hong Tao Wang ◽  
Shuang Fei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Temperature Plasma ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Super Absorbent Polymer ◽  
Grafting Reaction ◽  
Vacuum Degree ◽  
Plasma Treatment Time ◽  
Absorbent Polymer

Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) made from bagasse pulp was treated by low-temperature plasma, then reacted grafting polymerization with acrylic acid (AA) to produce super absorbent polymer. The effects of discharge power, plasma treatment time, initiator dosage, acrylic acid dosage, vacuum degree and neutralization ratio on water absorbency and grafting reaction time of the products were studied by single factor experiments. The best process parameters: discharge power = 250 W; plasma treatment time = 90s; m (K2S2O8) : m (CMC) (W/W) = 7:20; m (AA) : m (CMC) (W/W) = (1:9) ~ (1:8); vacuum degree = 300 Pa; neutralization degree = 40%, in which the distilled water absorbency of the product reached its maximum of 509 g/g and the grafting reaction time approached its minimum of 2min. This process has the advantages of simple operation, easy control, high grafting efficiency, short production cycle, low cost and so on, which meet the industrial production requirements of super absorbent polymer.

Surface Modification of Polybenzimidazole (PBI) with Microwave Generated Vacuum Ultraviolet (VUV) Photo-oxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 08 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Kovach ◽  
Samuel Boyd ◽  
Anthony Garcia ◽  
Andrew Fleischer ◽  
Katerine Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Vacuum Ultraviolet ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Photo Oxidation

Background: Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is used in high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) and redox flow batteries, where proton transfer occurs with the nitrogen-containing groups in PBI, and in aerospace applications exposed to oxygen and radiation. Objective: The objective is to investigate VUV photo-oxidation of PBI for the first time in order to incorporate polar functional groups on the surface to potentially enhance proton conductivity in HT-PEMFCs. Methods: A low-pressure microwave discharge of Ar generated 104.8 and 106.7 nm vacuum UV (VUV) radiation to treat PBI with VUV photo-oxidation. Analysis was done with X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), water contact angle (WCA) and Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) to detect changes in chemistry, surface roughness, hydrophilicity, and adhesion, respectively. Results : XPS showed: an increase in the O concentration up to a saturation level of 15 ± 1 at %; a decrease of the C concentration by about the same amount; and little change in the N concentration. With increasing treatment time, there were significant decreases in the concentrations of C-C sp2, C-C sp3 and C=N groups, and increases in the concentration of C=O, O-C=O, O-(C=O)-O, C-N, and N-C=O containing moieties. The water contact angle decreased from 83° for pristine PBI down to 43°, making the surface more hydrophilic, primarily due to the oxidation, since AFM detected no significant changes in surface roughness. TGA analysis showed an improvement of water adhesion to the treated surface. Conclusion: Microwave generated VUV photo-oxidation is an effective technique for oxidizing the surface of PBI and increasing hydrophilicity.

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