The Application of Tissue Engineering Cartilage and Bracket Constructed Biomaterials for Athletic Injury

2013 ◽  
Vol 643 ◽  
pp. 68-71
Author(s):  
Bing Hui Li ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Dan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Athletic Injury ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Autologous Cartilage Transplantation ◽  
Scaffold Materials

The development of tissue engineering techniques for cartilage repair and regeneration provided a new way, according to their own characteristics and structure of the cartilage, as artificial cartilage replacement materials and scaffold materials should have good biomechanical properties. The effect of autologous cartilage transplantation is best in the field of articular cartilage repair, the study of bone marrow stromal cells in vitro tests and animal experiments was more, and the clinical application was less, which is still in the stage of exploration. Biomaterials material for tissue repair plays a more and more important role, especially in athletic injury.

scholarly journals Calcium/Cobalt Alginate Beads as Functional Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Focaroli ◽  
Gabriella Teti ◽  
Viviana Salvatore ◽  
Isabella Orienti ◽  
Mirella Falconi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Alginate Beads ◽  
Cartilage Tissue ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Tissue Replacement

Articular cartilage is a highly organized tissue with complex biomechanical properties. However, injuries to the cartilage usually lead to numerous health concerns and often culminate in disabling symptoms, due to the poor intrinsic capacity of this tissue for self-healing. Although various approaches are proposed for the regeneration of cartilage, its repair still represents an enormous challenge for orthopedic surgeons. The field of tissue engineering currently offers some of the most promising strategies for cartilage restoration, in which assorted biomaterials and cell-based therapies are combined to develop new therapeutic regimens for tissue replacement. The current study describes thein vitrobehavior of human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) encapsulated within calcium/cobalt (Ca/Co) alginate beads. These novel chondrogenesis-promoting scaffolds take advantage of the synergy between the alginate matrix and Co+2ions, without employing costly growth factors (e.g., transforming growth factor betas (TGF-βs) or bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs)) to direct hADSC differentiation into cartilage-producing chondrocytes.

Trajectory-Based Tissue Engineering for Cartilage Repair: Correlation Between Maturation Rate and Integration Capacity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Fisher ◽  
Nicole Söegaard ◽  
David R. Steinberg ◽  
Robert L. Mauck
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
General Hypothesis ◽  
Vitro Assay

Given the limitations of current surgical approaches to treat articular cartilage injuries, tissue engineering (TE) approaches have been aggressively pursued over the past two decades. Although biochemical and biomechanical properties on the order of the native tissue have been achieved (1–5), several in-vitro and in-vivo studies indicate that increased tissue maturity may limit the ability of engineered constructs to remodel and integrate with surrounding cartilage, although results are highly variable (2, 6–8). Thus, “static” measures of construct maturity (e.g. compressive modulus) upon implantation may not be the best indicators of in-vivo success, which likely requires implanted TE constructs to mature, remodel, and integrate with the host over time to achieve optimal results. We recently introduced the concept of “trajectory-based” tissue engineering (TB-TE), which is based on the general hypothesis that time-dependent increases in construct maturation in-vitro prior to implantation (i.e. positive rates) may provide a better predictor of in-vivo success (9). As a first step in evaluating this concept, in the current study we hypothesized that time-dependent increases in equilibrium modulus (a metric of growth) would be correlated to ability of constructs to integrate to cartilage using an in-vitro assay. To test this hypothesis, the current objective was to determine and model the time course of maturation of TE constructs during in-vitro culture and to assess the ability of these constructs to integrate to cartilage at various points during their maturation.

Development and Test of an Extendable Endoprosthesis for Bone Reconstruction in the Leg

1994 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Verkerke ◽  
H. Schraffordt Koops ◽  
R.P.H. Veth ◽  
H.J. Grootenboer ◽  
L.J. De Boer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Growth Plate ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Bone Tumour ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Bone Reconstruction ◽  
Malignant Bone Tumour

A malignant bone tumour may develop in the femur of a child. In the majority of cases it will be necessary to resect the bone involved, growth plate and adjacent tissues. A modular endoprosthetic system has been developed which can be extended non-invasively to bridge the defect resulting from such a resection. Elongation is achieved by using an external magnetic field. In vitro tests with a prototype showed that the lengthening element met all requirements. Six animal experiments showed that the lengthening element also functioned in vivo.

Design of a Lengthening Element for a Modular Femur Endoprosthetic System

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
G J Verkerke ◽  
H Schraffordt Koops ◽  
R P H Veth ◽  
J Oldhoff ◽  
H K L Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Adjacent Tissue ◽  
Non Invasive

A malignant tumour may develop around the knee joint of a child. In the majority of cases it will then be necessary to resect the involved bone with adjacent tissue. A joint team of Groningen University Hospital and University of Twente is currently working on the project of developing a modular endoprosthetic system to bridge the defect resulting from the resection. Since the other, normal, leg continues to grow, the endoprosthetic system will have to include an element the length of which can be adjusted non-invasively. The main conditions to be met by the lengthening element are non-invasive continuous adjustability and a maximum total lengthening of 114 mm. This was achieved by using an external magnetic field. Animal experiments showed that the lengthening element worked well, although moisture infiltrated the telescopic tubes and the lengthening element was covered by proliferating bone at an early stage. Also, the necessary magnetic field proved to be larger than calculated. In a revised design, these problems are resolved. In vitro tests show that the new lengthening element meets all requirements.

Paraquat Poisoning by Skin Absorption: A Review

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Human Skin ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Systemic Absorption ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Skin Damage ◽  
Fatal Poisoning ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
Paraquat Poisoning

All reported cases of paraquat poisoning by absorption through the skin are briefly reviewed. It is concluded that, while paraquat cannot be absorbed significantly through intact human skin, damage to the skin, either by paraquat itself or by other means, will permit greater systemic absorption and possibly poisoning. The lowest known concentration of paraquat to result in fatal poisoning through the skin is 5 g/l. Animal experiments with paraquat are also reviewed. The fact that the reported lethal dermal dose of paraquat in rats is slightly less than the oral dose is probably due to the lack of head restraint on the rats in the dermal dosing experiments. In vivo and in vitro tests on human skin at concentrations of 9 g/l and 5 g/l did not result in significant absorption of paraquat through the skin but in these experiments the skin was intact.

Combined Effect of Glycosaminoglycan and Mechanical Stimulation on the In Vitro Biomechanics of Tissue Engineered Tendon Constructs

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten R. C. Kinneberg ◽  
Victor S. Nirmalanandhan ◽  
Heather M. Powell ◽  
Steven T. Boyce ◽  
David L. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Type I Collagen ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Maximum Force ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Type I ◽  
Post Surgery ◽  
Scaffold Materials

Tissue engineering offers an attractive alternative to direct repair or reconstruction of injuries to tendons, ligaments and capsular structures that represent almost 45% of the 32 million musculoskeletal injuries that occur each year in the United States [1]. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-seeded collagen constructs are currently being used by our group to repair tendon injuries in the rabbit model [2, 3]. Although these cell-assisted repairs exhibit 50% greater maximum force and stiffness at 12 weeks compared to values for natural repair, tissues often lack the maximum force sufficient to resist the peak in vivo forces acting on the repair site [3]. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that in vitro construct stiffness and repair stiffness at 12 weeks post surgery are positively correlated [4]. Therefore, in an effort to further improve the repair outcome using tissue engineering, we continue our investigation of scaffold materials to create stiffer MSC-collagen constructs. Our group has recently evaluated two scaffold materials, type I collagen sponges fabricated within the Engineered Skin Lab (ESL, Shriners Hospitals for Children) by a freezing and lyophilization process with and without glycosaminoglycan (chondroitin-6-sulfate; GAG) [5] and found the ESL sponges to significantly improve biomechanical properties of the constructs compared to sponges we currently use in the lab (P1076, Kensey Nash Corporation, Exton, PA). This study also demonstrated that GAG significantly upregulates collagen type I, decorin, and fibronectin gene expression (unpublished results).

scholarly journals Analysis of In Vitro Osteoblast Culture on Scaffolds for Future Bone Regeneration Purposes in Dentistry

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra J. Gutiérrez-Prieto ◽  
Sandra J. Perdomo-Lara ◽  
José M. Diaz-Peraza ◽  
Luis Gonzalo Sequeda-Castañeda
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Porous Silica ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Osteoblast Cell ◽  
Material Control ◽  
Osteoblast Culture ◽  
Scaffold Materials

One of the main focuses of tissue engineering is to search for tridimensional scaffold materials, complying with nature’s properties for tissue regeneration. Determining material biocompatibility is a fundamental step in considering its use. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze osteoblast cell adhesion and viability on different materials to determine which was more compatible for future bone regeneration. Tridimensional structures were fabricated with hydroxyapatite, collagen, and porous silica. The bovine bone was used as material control. Biocompatibility was determined by seeding primary osteoblasts on each tridimensional structure. Cellular morphology was assessed by SEM and viability through confocal microscopy. Osteoblast colonization was observed on all evaluated materials’ surface, revealing they did not elicit osteoblast cytotoxicity. Analyses of four different materials studied with diverse compositions and characteristics showed that adhesiveness was best seen for HA and viability for collagen. In general, the results of this investigation suggest these materials can be used in combination, as scaffolds intended for bone regeneration in dental and medical fields.

Comparison of the Biomechanical Properties of the Advanta V12/iCast and Viabahn Stent-Grafts as Bridging Devices in Fenestrated Endografts: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Federico Torsello ◽  
Monika Herten ◽  
Markus Müller ◽  
André Frank ◽  
Giovanni B. Torsello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Stent Graft ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Device ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
Stent Diameter

Purpose: To compare experimentally the biomechanical properties of the Viabahn Balloon-Expandable Stent Graft (VBX) with the widely used Advanta V12/iCast in the role of bridging stent-grafts for fenestrated endovascular aortic repair. Materials and Methods: Test sheets made of polyester having 2 rows of 5 fenestrations in 6-mm and 8-mm diameters were used to simulate a commercially made fenestrated aortic endograft. In total, 40 stent-grafts measuring 6×39 mm and 8×39 mm (10 of each size for each stent-graft) were implanted in fenestration sheets immersed in a 37°C water bath. After flaring, all stent-grafts were evaluated using microscopy and radiography. Biomechanical evaluation included pullout and the shear stress force testing; results are reported in Newtons (N) as the median (minimum–maximum). Results: After flaring, no damage or fracture to the stent-graft structures were detected. Pullout forces for the 6-mm stent-grafts were 27.1 N (20.0–28.9) for the VBX and 16.6 N (14.7–19.2) for the Advanta (p=0.008). Pullout forces for the 8-mm stent-grafts were 20.1 N (14.8–21.5) for the VBX and 15.8 N (12.4–17.5) for the Advanta (p=0.095). The shear stress forces necessary to dislocate the device at 150% stent diameter displacement was 12.5 N (VBX) vs 14.7 N (Advanta) for the 6-mm devices and 23.3 N (VBX) vs 20.2 N (Advanta) for the 8-mm stents (p>0.99 and p=0.222, respectively). Conclusion: In vitro tests simulating external pull and shear forces on bridging stent-grafts implanted in fenestrations showed that the VBX had resistance to dislocation equivalent to a well-known control device.

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