Manufacture, Structure and Properties of Copper Foams

2013 ◽  
Vol 652-654 ◽  
pp. 1163-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Zhou ◽  
Zeng Chuan Hong ◽  
Xiang Ping Ai ◽  
Xiao Qing Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Copper Particle ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Copper Foam ◽  
Powder Sintering ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Compacting Pressure

The raw materials used for manufacturing copper foams are the metal and a carbonate in powder form. Copper foams are fabricated by mixing metal and carbonate powder, sintering, and removing carbonate processing. The effect of Cu particle size, compacting pressure on the porosity of porous samples are analyzed. With SEM and EDS, particles binding and microstructure evolution during sintering are studied, and the mechanical properties of porous samples are measured. Results show that copper foams with the porosity of 60 % ~85 % are successfully prepared, pore size 50~1000㎛.The porosity of copper foams decreases with the pressure increasing and copper particle size decreasing at same volume fraction of copper powder . The compressive strength of copper foams decreases with the porosity raising, for the copper foam of 80% porosity, the compressive strength up to 20-30Mpa.The electrical conductivity of copper foams decreases with porosity increasing. Thermal expansion coefficient α of copper foams increases from 17 to 19*10-6 .K-1 when temperature rising from 50°C to 100°C.

scholarly journals Phase evolution, characterisation, and performance of cement prepared in an oxy-fuel atmosphere

2016 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liya Zheng ◽  
Thomas P. Hills ◽  
Paul Fennell
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Carbon Capture ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Carbon Capture And Storage ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Phase And Elemental Compositions

Cement manufacture is one of the major contributors (7–10%) to global anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has been identified as a vital technology for decarbonising the sector. Oxy-fuel combustion, involving burning fuel in a mixture of recycled CO2 and pure O2 instead of air, makes CO2 capture much easier. Since it combines a theoretically lower energy penalty with an increase in production, it is attractive as a CCS technology in cement plants. However, it is necessary to demonstrate that changes in the clinkering atmosphere do not reduce the quality of the clinker produced. Clinkers were successfully produced in an oxy-fuel atmosphere using only pure oxides as raw materials as well as a mixture of oxides and clay. Then, CEM I cements were prepared by the addition of 5 wt% gypsum to the clinkers. Quantitative XRD and XRF were used to obtain the phase and elemental compositions of the clinkers. The particle size distribution and compressive strength of the cements at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days' ages were tested, and the effect of the particle size distribution on the compressive strength was investigated. Additionally, the compressive strength of the cements produced in oxy-fuel atmospheres was compared with those of the cement produced in air and commercially available CEMEX CEM I. The results show that good-quality cement can be successfully produced in an oxy-fuel atmosphere and it has similar phase and chemical compositions to CEM I. Additionally, it has a comparable compressive strength to the cement produced in air and to commercially available CEMEX CEM I.

Fabrication and Properties of Panicum repens Reinforced Cement

2018 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
Varinthorn Boonyaroj ◽  
Sirichai Saramanus
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optimal Ratio ◽  
Panicum Repens ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Scanning Electron

This research aims to fabrication and evaluation the properties of cement reinforcement made from Panicumrepens. The research is divided into two parts are as follows; to determined the optimal ratio selection, and to compare the properties of Panicumrepens reinforced cement, and without grasses by using the optimal ratio. The raw materials used in this research were cut in length of 2.0-2.5 cm. In this research was determined the properties of Panicumrepens reinforced cement in terms of bulk density, water absorption, and compressive strength. The influence of fibers soaked with 5% of sodium hydroxide concentration was also conducted in this research. The surface structure and chemical characteristics of fibers used to produce reinforced cement were observed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy dispersive x-ray spectrometer (EDS), respectively. Moreover, relationships of information collected from this research were concerned. Furthermore, the addition of Panicumrepens fibers could improve the flexural strength of composite materials.

Engineering Structure and Properties of Materials Used as a Matrix in Diamond Impregnated Tools / Kształtowanie Struktury I Własnosci Materiałów Stosowanych Jako Osnowa W Narzedziach Metaliczno-Diamentowych

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Borowiecka-Jamrozek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Hot Press ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Hot Press Process ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
And Tungsten

The paper presents mechanical properties of materials used as matrices in diamond impregnated tools. Several powder metallurgy materials were manufactured by the hot press process from various combinations of cobalt (Co SMS, Co Extrafine, Co 400mesh), carbonyl iron (Fe CN) and tungsten (WP30) powders. After consolidation the specimens were tested for density, hardness and tensile properties. The fracture surfaces and materials’ microstructure were observed using the Jeol JSM- 5400 scanning electron microscope and the Leica DM4000 light microscope. The main objective of the work was to determine the effects of the mean particle size of cobalt as well as additions of iron and tungsten on properties of the as-consolidated material.

scholarly journals Reduction of Core-loss in the High Frequency Band of the Fe-Si-Cr Crystalline Alloy According to Particle Size

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeon Jun Choi ◽  
Ji Hun Ahn ◽  
Deok Hyeon Kim ◽  
Ye Rae Kim ◽  
Bo Wha Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Magnetic Saturation ◽  
Magnetic Composites ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Average Size ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In order for soft magnetic composites (SMCs) to achieve the high-performance requirements expected of them even at high frequencies, high permeability and low core-loss are required. In this study, we used different sizes of gas atomized Fe-Si-Cr alloy powder to produce SMCs, this alloy has higher resistivity than existing materials used in SMCs such as Fe-Si alloy or pure Fe. These powders were prepared by sieving raw materials which had an average size from less than 25 µm to over 63 µm. Our experiments show that as particle size decreases, the magnetic saturation tends to increase, the sample made from the powder with particles 25-38 µm in size recorded the highest magnetic saturation of 169.38 emu/g. Additionally, as particle size decreased, permeability increased. The sample made from powder with particles under 25 µm had a permeability of 20.7 H/m at 1 MHz. Also, the relationship between particle size and quality factor was found to be inversely proportional. Finally, the minimum core-loss was 187.26 kW/m3 at 1 MHz for the sample made from powder whose constituent particles are under 25 µm. We also observed that the core-loss is proportional to particle size.

MgO Influence on the Fundamental Characteristics of Corundum Refractory Castables

2016 ◽  
Vol 722 ◽  
pp. 81-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenka Nevřivová
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corundum Refractory ◽  
Refractory Castables ◽  
Dense Refractory ◽  
Materials Used

The paper focuses on the determination of how periclase content in the raw material influences the final properties of no-cement refractory castables. The motivation for this research was the continued pressure on increasing the utility properties of refractory castables, especially their corrosion resistance. The influence of MgO was observed in vibration-compacted refractory castables; the mixtures were made so that the consistency of each one was the same. There were only minimal differences in the water content of the mixtures. The mineral composition of the raw materials used in the manufacturing of the refractory castables was determined and the influence of the firing temperature on their compressive strength, flexural strength, apparent porosity, mineralogy and pore structure was described. The corrosion resistance was determined by means of the crucible test according to CSN P CEN/TS 15418 (726022) Method of test for dense refractory products – Guidelines for testing the corrosion resistance of refractories caused by liquids.

scholarly journals The Effects of Different Types of Fly Ash on the Compressive Strength Properties of Briquettes

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Çelik Sola ◽  
Murat Yayla ◽  
Barış Sayın ◽  
Cengiz Duran Atiş
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Materials Used

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the different types of fly ash on the compressive strength properties of sintered briquettes. Thermal gravimetric (TG) analysis was carried out. The chemical composition and physical properties of the materials used were determined. Particle size distribution and microstructure elemental analyses of the materials used were carried out by a particle size analyzer (Mastersizer) and a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDS). Following the characterization of the materials, briquettes were prepared by sintering at different temperatures. Compressive strength test results of the briquette samples indicated that briquettes with a compressive strength value of 47.45 N/mm2can be produced. The results obtained exceed the Turkish standard (TS EN 771-1) requirements (9.8–23.54 N/mm2). SEM-EDS results showed that briquette samples made with Tunçbilek (T) fly ash had a higher percentage of the glassy phase than the other briquette samples. Due to this microstructure, it results in higher compressive strength value.

scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Agricultural Residuals-Iron Concentrate Pellets

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Zhulin Liu ◽  
Xuegong Bi ◽  
Zeping Gao ◽  
Yayu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reduction Temperature ◽  
Iron Concentrate ◽  
Reduction Of Iron

In this paper, carbon-containing pellets were prepared by using crop-derived charcoal made from agricultural residuals and iron ore concentrates, and their pelletizing performance and properties were studied. Experimental results showed that the strengths of pellets were related to the particle size of concentrates and the content of moisture, bentonite, and crop-derived charcoal fines in the pelletizing mixture and the temperature of roasting and reduction. That the granularity of raw materials was fine and the bentonite content increased was beneficial to the improvement of pellet strengths. The suitable molar ratio of carbon to oxygen was 1.0 and the proper proportioning ratios of moisture and binder were 8.0% and 6.5%, respectively. The pellet strengths increased accordingly with increasing the reduction temperature, and when the temperature reached 1200°C, accompanied by the fast reduction of iron and the formation of crystal stock, the dropping strength of product pellets was 15 times and the compressive strength was 1650 N; this may be improved by grinding of the concentrate, leading to acceptable strength for the blast furnace.

Development of Cordierite Ceramics from Natural Raw Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Maris Rundans ◽  
Gaida Sedmale ◽  
Ingunda Sperberga ◽  
Ina Pundiene
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Dense Ceramic ◽  
Pore Glass ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Cordierite Ceramics

Cordierite ceramics are known for their low CTE and high compressive strength values which affords them place in fields where demanding thermal and mechanical properties are required. Development of such ceramics is greatly dependent on materials used. If raw materials are used formation of additional phases and pore/glass formation is expected. The purpose of this research is to examine the process of cordierite development from mixed compositions formed from precursors of the natural raw materials as illite clay, dolomite and quartz sand and synthetic additives – MgO, γ-Al2O3 and their influence on thermal and mechanical properties. It is verified that the addition of 10 wt.% of illite clay and about 20-21 wt.% dolomite in staring compositions at the sintering temperature of 1200 °C results in the development of dense ceramic material with perfect-shaped crystalline cordierite phase and secondary anorthite phase. Sintered cordierite ceramics have been tested, among other properties, for their compressive strength, coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity after 20 cycles of thermal shock treatment.

Effect of Mechanical Activation on Kaolin-Based Geopolymers

2012 ◽  
Vol 479-481 ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Yong Heah ◽  
Hussen Kamarudin ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Mohammed Binhussain ◽  
Luqman Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Strength Gain ◽  
Particle Size Reduction ◽  
Morphology Changes

Raw materials kaolin was subjected to mechanical modification; the effect of the mechanical activation of kaolin on the compressive strength and morphological properties of the geopolymers has been studied. Mechanical activation of the kaolin results in particle size reduction and morphology changes with increase in reactivity. Mechanical activated kaolin has overall higher strength gain compared to raw kaolin. Wider particle size distribution and some spherical particles produced, promote a higher packaging density in the sample resulting in higher strength obtained. Mechanically activation of kaolin can be considered as an alternative method to achieve better geopolymerization reaction for kaolin-based geopolymer.

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