Lightweight Artificial Aggregate Based on Fly Ash for New Rehabilitation Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 688 ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Sokol ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka ◽  
Vit Cerný ◽  
Ester Helanová
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Social Pressure ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Lightweight Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Rehabilitation Work

During rehabilitation work are often strict requirements on the use of high quality lightweight materials, including aggregate. Due the constantly increasing social pressure on the optimal use of secondary raw materials is therefore most appropriate to exploit the potential of fly ash as mineral residue from the combustion of ground coal in power plants. Especially filter fly ash has proven to be an adequate substitute for traditional materials in the past. This article deals with the evaluation of physical and mechanical properties of cold-consolidated pellets based on conventional and fluidized fly ash with various cement addition.

scholarly journals The Alternatives to Traditional Materials for Subsoil Stabilization and Embankments

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 3018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Vukićević ◽  
Miloš Marjanović ◽  
Veljko Pujević ◽  
Sanja Jocković
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
Positive Effects

Major infrastructure projects require significant amount of natural materials, often followed by the soft soil stabilization using hydraulic binders. This paper presents the results of a laboratory study of alternative waste materials (fly ash and slag) that can be used for earthworks. Results of high plasticity clay stabilization using fly ash from Serbian power plants are presented in the first part. In the second part of the paper, engineering properties of ash and ash-slag mixtures are discussed with the emphasis on the application in road subgrade and embankment construction. Physical and mechanical properties were determined via following laboratory tests: Specific gravity, grain size distribution, the moisture–density relationship (Proctor compaction test), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), oedometer and swell tests, direct shear and the California bearing ratio (CBR). The results indicate the positive effects of the clay stabilization using fly ash, in terms of increasing strength and stiffness and reducing expansivity. Fly ashes and ash-slag mixtures have also comparable mechanical properties with sands, which in combination with multiple other benefits (lower energy consumption and CO2 emission, saving of natural materials and smaller waste landfill areas), make them suitable fill materials for embankments, especially considering the necessity for sustainable development.

Development of Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Lightweight Bricks Using Foaming Agent - A Review

2015 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Mastura Wan Ibrahim ◽  
Kamarudin Hussin ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Aeslina Abdul Kadir ◽  
Mohammed Binhussain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Foaming Agent ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The World ◽  
Great Development

Bricks are widely used as a construction and building material due to its properties. Recent years have seen a great development in new types of inorganic cementitious binders called ‘‘geopolymeric cement’’ around the world. This prompted its use in bricks, which improves the greenness of ordinary bricks. The development of fly ash-based geopolymer lightweight bricks is relatively new in the field of construction materials. This paper reviews the uses of fly ash as a raw materials and addition of foaming agent to the geopolymeric mixture to produce lightweight bricks. The effects on their physical and mechanical properties have been discussed. Most manufactured bricks with incorporation of foaming agent have shown positive effects by producing lightweight bricks, increased porosity and improved the thermal conductivities of fly ash-based geopolymer bricks. However, less of performances in number of cases in terms of mechanical properties were also demonstrated.

Developments in Lightweight Aluminum Alloys for Automotive Applications: 2001-2005

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Automotive Application ◽  
Vehicle Safety ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Lightweight Materials ◽  
The Past ◽  
Development Evaluation

The use of lightweight materials in automotive application has greatly increased in the past two decades. A need to meet customer demands for vehicle safety, performance and fuel efficiency has accelerated the development, evaluation and employment of new lightweight materials and processes. The 50 SAE Technical papers contained in this publication document the processes, guidelines, and physical and mechanical properties that can be applied to the selection and design of lightweight components for automotive applications. The book starts off with an introduction section containing two 1920 papers that examine the use of aluminum in automobiles.

scholarly journals Ash as an alternative source of raw materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 00026
Author(s):  
Olena Svietkina ◽  
Hanna Tarasova ◽  
Olha Netiaha ◽  
Svitlana Lysytska
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Optical Methods ◽  
Unburned Carbon ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Metallurgical Processes

The objective of the work is to study the aluminosilicate fractionation from fly ash, physical and mechanical properties of fly ash derived from the Thermal Power Plants (TPP) wastes. Ash, carbon concentrate (unburned carbon), ash concentrate and products of their treatment with reagents were tested by optical methods. The particle morphology of the objects of research was studied with the scanning electron microscope REM-100. The composition of the ash phases was investigated using the X-ray diffractometer DRON-2. A dispersed analysis of the TPP fly ash suggests a conclusion that it is advisable to separate particles of a narrow grain-size class within the range from 40 to 150 μm with an ash content of about 33%. The first product may be enriched by flotation method. Such a coal product may be used as a reducing medium in metallurgical processes, agglomeration, etc. The calorific capacitance of the concentrate is about 6000 kcal/kg (25000 kJ/kg).

scholarly journals Synthesis of Geopolymers from Mechanically Activated Coal Fly Ash and Improvement of Their Mechanical Properties

Minerals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 791
Author(s):  
Mitsuaki Matsuoka ◽  
Kaho Yokoyama ◽  
Kohei Okura ◽  
Norihiro Murayama ◽  
Masato Ueda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Mechanical Activation ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Fine Powder ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Long Time

Coal fly ash is a spherical fine powder by-product discharged from coal-fired power plants. When coal fly ash is used as raw materials for the synthesis of geopolymers, there are practical problems associated with the stable surface of the particles that do not allow the production of geopolymers with sufficient strength. A long-time is also required for the curing. In this study, we aim to promote the curing reaction of geopolymers by activating the surface of coal fly ash particles. By mechanically activating the surface of coal fly ash particles using an attrition-type mill, the dissolution of Si4+ and Al3+ in coal fly ash is promoted, and the acceleration of the reaction taking place during curing is also anticipated. The surface morphology and crystal phase of coal fly ash particles change with the use of an attrition-type mill. The mechanical activation results in improvement of the compressive strength and the acid resistance under milder curing conditions by the densification of the hardened body. Thus, it is clearly shown that mechanical activation is effective for the production of geopolymers with beneficial mechanical properties under milder curing conditions.

Research of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Ceramics with SiO2 and Al2O3 Nanoparticles as Functional Addition

2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 528-535
Author(s):  
V.A. Kalneus ◽  
D.A. Nemushchenko ◽  
V.V. Larichkin ◽  
A.A. Briutov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Ultimate Compressive Strength ◽  
Glass Waste

The article analyses the influence of SiO2 and Al2O3 nanopowders on properties of ceramics consisting of fly ash from thermal power plants, glass waste, and clay binder. Based on studies of physical and mechanical properties of the obtained ceramics (ultimate compressive strength, ultimate three-point bending strength, wear resistance, and water absorption), the paper shows the positive influence of the nanoadditives. The optimal number of SiO2 and Al2O3 nanopowders in the formulation is 0.5 wt. % that has the strongest effect on ultimate compressive strength and water absorption of the fly ash ceramics samples. The direction of further research on improving the properties of ceramic products is an application of the Al2O3 nanopowder as more perspective nanoadditive using clay dispersant.

scholarly journals Production and Evaluation of Synthetic Lightweight Aggregates Based on Mixture of Fluidized Bed Fly Ash and Post-Mining Residues

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 660
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Skotniczny ◽  
Mateusz Kozioł ◽  
Jerzy Korol ◽  
Paweł Poneta
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Mining Residues ◽  
Mineral Aggregates

This paper presents an attempt to obtain technically valuable lightweight aggregate produced from a mixture of fluidized bed fly ash and post-mining residues. The motivation to take up this study is a problem with the reasonable utilization of huge amounts of ashes produced by power plants in Poland. The ashes still produced and those stored in heaps amount to a tonnage of millions, and new ways to utilize them are desired. A real lack of mineral aggregates (non-renewable resources) demands the search for alternative materials. Using the industrial ashes as aggregates is a possible solution to the two above-mentioned problems. The aim of the study was to produce the lightweight aggregate components and to assess them in terms of their physical and mechanical properties. The components were prepared by mixing, granulation, and sintering at the temperature of over 1170 °C. Evaluation of physical parameters was based on parameters such as bulk density and water absorption. The study of mechanical properties was carried out on the basis of aggregates’ resistance to crushing. The obtained results revealed that using a mixture of the combustion and post-mining residues in the production of a lightweight aggregate is beneficial and results in the formation of a porous and durable structure. The measured resistance to the crushing of the produced aggregates varied from 5.9 MPa to 7.5 MPa. They also showed a high freeze-thaw resistance and good resistance to aggressive environments (bases, acids, salt). The registered properties indicate that the aggregates meet the basic requirements for materials used in construction and road-building. This study has a scientific and didactic value in that it describes the step-by-step process of planning and implementing the production of synthetic mineral aggregates.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Paste Were Used Partially with Fly Ash and Kaolin Waste

2017 ◽  
Vol 866 ◽  
pp. 199-203
Author(s):  
Chidchanok Chainej ◽  
Suparut Narksitipan ◽  
Nittaya Jaitanong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lime Water ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Iron Mold

The aims of this research were study the microstructures and mechanical properties for partial replacement of cement with Fly ash (FA) and kaolin waste (KW). Ordinary Portland cement were partially replaced with FA and KW in the range of 25-35% and 10-25% by weight of cement powder. The kaolin waste was ground for 180 minutes before using. The specimen was packing into an iron mold which sample size of 5×5×5 cm3. Then, the specimens were kept at room temperature for 24 hours and were moist cured in the incubation lime water bath at age of 3 days. After that the specimens were dry cured with plastic wrap at age of 3, 7, 14 and 28 days. After that the compounds were examined by x-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) and the microstructures were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The compressive strength was then investigated.

The physical and mechanical properties of fly ash geopolymers with various S/L ratios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. H. Teng ◽  
H. C. Yong ◽  
M. M. A. Abdullah ◽  
N. Yong-Sing ◽  
K. Hussin
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties

scholarly journals Long-Term Physical and Mechanical Properties and Microstructures of Fly-Ash-Based Geopolymer Composite Incorporating Carbide Slag

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6692
Author(s):  
Xianhui Zhao ◽  
Haoyu Wang ◽  
Linlin Jiang ◽  
Lingchao Meng ◽  
Boyu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Property Development ◽  
Industrial Solid Waste ◽  
Carbide Slag

The long-term property development of fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer (FA−GEO) incorporating industrial solid waste carbide slag (CS) for up to 360 d is still unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the fresh, physical, and mechanical properties and microstructures of FA−GEO composites with CS and to evaluate the effects of CS when the composites were cured for 360 d. FA−GEO composites with CS were manufactured using FA (as an aluminosilicate precursor), CS (as a calcium additive), NaOH solution (as an alkali activator), and standard sand (as a fine aggregate). The fresh property and long-term physical properties were measured, including fluidity, bulk density, porosity, and drying shrinkage. The flexural and compressive strengths at 60 d and 360 d were tested. Furthermore, the microstructures and gel products were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results show that the additional 20.0% CS reduces the fluidity and increases the conductivity of FA−GEO composites. Bulk densities were decreased, porosities were increased, and drying shrinkages were decreased as the CS content was increased from 0.0% to 20.0% at 360 d. Room temperature is a better curing condition to obtain a higher long-term mechanical strength. The addition of 20.0% CS is more beneficial to the improvement of long-term flexural strength and toughness at room temperature. The gel products in CS−FA−GEO with 20.0% CS are mainly determined as the mixtures of sodium aluminosilicate (N−A−S−H) gel and calcium silicate hydration (C−S−H) gel, besides the surficial pan-alkali. The research results provide an experimental basis for the reuse of CS in various scenarios.

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