Emission Characteristics of Water in Diesel Nanoemulsions in Diesel Engine

2013 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 248-253
Author(s):  
B.S. Bidita ◽  
Suraya Abdul Rashid ◽  
Azni B. Idris ◽  
Mohamad Amran Mohd Salleh
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

Nanoemulsions are a class of nanomaterials which play an increasingly important role in commercial and environmental aspects. Water-in-diesel (W/D) nanoemulsion is considered one of the environmental friendly alternative fuels for reducing the emission pollution of internal combustion engine such as diesel engines. In this context, a study has been made to evaluate the combustion characteristics of W/D nanoemulsion fuel. A wide range of surfactant concentration (0.25% to 0.40% v/v) with varying amount of water percentage (0.5% to 0.8% v/v) was used in the preparation of W/D nanoemulsion fuel. The high energy emulsification method was applied to prepare W/D nanoemulsions. The combustion characteristics of W/D nanoemulsions are presented in terms of different formulating compositions. An engine test bed was used to combust the W/D nanoemulsions for measuring the exhaust emission concentrations such as CO, CO2 and NH3. A reduction in the concentrations of exhaust gas emissions was notified.

scholarly journals The use of piston engine brake as related to the emission of selected exhaust gas components

2008 ◽  
Vol 132 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Kazimierz ROMANISZYN
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Engine Test ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Piston Engine ◽  
Modal System ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Class C ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions ◽  
Combined Data

The paper includes a brief description of the methodology of obtaining dynamic characteristics of four basic exhaust gas emissions: CO2, CO, HC and NOx based on combined data from road tests on the engine test beds NEDC and FTP-75. The characteristics developed through tests on a class C motor-car have been presented. The possible advantages thanks to the application of the dynamic characteristics developed have been indicated. The significant values of emission during engine braking have been pointed out. For a wider recognition of this area of dynamic characteristics, special chassis tests were carried out on the engine test bed, recording the emissions of the exhaust gas components listed in the modal system with 0.4 s rate in the test of full engine braking on III, IV and V gear. The results were summarized and assessed.

scholarly journals An Extensive Analysis of Biodiesel Blend Combustion Characteristics under a Wide-Range of Thermal Conditions of a Cooperative Fuel Research Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7666
Author(s):  
Vu H. Nguyen ◽  
Minh Q. Duong ◽  
Kien T. Nguyen ◽  
Thin V. Pham ◽  
Phuong X. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Combustion Characteristics ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Start Of Injection ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Examining the influence of thermal conditions in the engine cylinder at the start of fuel injection on engine combustion characteristics is critically important. This may help to understand physical and chemical processes occurring in engine cycles and this is relevant to both fossil fuels and alternative fuels like biodiesels. In this study, six different biodiesel–diesel blends (B0, B10, B20, B40, B60 and B100 representing 0, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 100% by volume of biodiesel in the diesel–biodiesel mixtures, respectively) have been successfully tested in a cooperative fuel research (CFR) engine operating under a wide range of thermal conditions at the start of fuel injection. This is a standard cetane testing CFR-F5 engine, a special tool for fuel research. In this study, it was further retrofitted to investigate combustion characteristics along with standard cetane measurements for those biodiesel blends. The novel biodiesel has been produced from residues taken from a palm cooking oil manufacturing process. It is found that the cetane number of B100 is almost 30% higher than that of B0 and this could be attributed to the oxygen content in the biofuel. Under similar thermal conditions at the start of injection, it is observed that the influence of engine load on premixed combustion is minimal. This could be attributable to the well-controlled intake air temperature in this special engine and therefore the evaporation and mixing rate prior to the start of combustion is similar under different loading conditions. Owing to higher cetane number (CN), B100 is more reactive and auto-ignites up to 3 degrees of crank angle (DCA) earlier compared to B0. It is generally observed in this study that B10 shows a higher maximum value of in-cylinder pressure compared to that of B0 and B20. This could be evidence for lubricant enhancement when operating the engine with low-blending ratio mixtures like B10 in this case.

STAND FOR RUNNING AND TESTING OF LOW POWER MOBILE FARM MACHINERY ENGINES

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Иншаков ◽  
Aleksandr Inshakov ◽  
Байков ◽  
Dmitriy Baykov ◽  
Десяев ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Farm Machinery ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Wide Range

The purpose of research is to improve the quality of production and repair internal low-power mobile farm combustion engines. To achieve this goal it was suggested to carry out running and testing the engines of small tools and equipment in specialized economical braking stands. The design of such stand, consisting of internal combustion engine, connected crank shaft with asynchronous electric machine with wound rotor, connected to the three-phase network, and matrix converter frequency included in the three-phase electrical network and consisting of nine bidirectional transistor switches, which receive signals space-vector control with automatic control system connected with the test equipment on the basis of a personal computer on which the signals from the sensors mounted on the internal combustion engine is also coming. This stand design for running and testing of internal combustion engines of mobile low power farm machinery is technically easy to manufacture and cost-effective to use. In addition, the design feature of the proposed technical solution is characterized by high energy efficiency and reliability, small dimensions and weight parameters, and wide range of speed control asynchronous machine with wound rotor.

scholarly journals Comparing Fuel Consumption and Emission Levels of Hybrid Powertrain Configurations and a Conventional Powertrain in Varied Drive Cycles and Degree of Hybridization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
W. U. Maddumage ◽  
K. Y. Abeyasighe ◽  
M. S. M. Perera ◽  
R. A. Attalage ◽  
P. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Drive Cycle ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Powertrain Configuration ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

Hybrid electric powertrains in automotive applications aim to improve emissions and fuel economy with respect to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles. Variety of design scenarios need to be addressed in designing a hybrid electric vehicle to achieve desired design objectives such as fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions. The work in this paper presents an analysis of the design objectives for an automobile powertrain with respect to different design scenarios, i. e. target drive cycle and degree of hybridization. Toward these ends, four powertrain configuration models (i. e. internal combustion engine, series, parallel and complex hybrid powertrain configurations) of a small vehicle (motorized three wheeler) are developed using Model Advisor software and simulated with varied drive cycles and degrees of hybridization. Firstly, the impact of vehicle power control strategy and operational characteristics of the different powertrain configurations are investigated with respect to exhaust gas emissions and fuel consumption. Secondly, the drive cycles are scaled according to kinetic intensity and the relationship between fuel consumption and drive cycles is assessed. Thirdly, three fuel consumption models are developed so that fuel consumption values for a real-world drive cycle may be predicted in regard to each powertrain configuration. The results show that when compared with a conventional powertrain fuel consumption is lower in hybrid vehicles. This work led to the surprisingly result showing higher CO emission levels with hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, fuel consumption of all four powertrains showed a strong correlation with kinetic intensity values of selected drive cycles. It was found that with varied drive cycles the average fuel advantage for each was: series 23 %, parallel 21 %, and complex hybrids 33 %, compared to an IC engine powertrain. The study reveals that performance of hybrid configurations vary significantly with drive cycle and degree of hybridization. The paper also suggests future areas of study.

scholarly journals New Hybrid Turbochargers Solutions for Special Military Vehicles with Internal Combustion Engines

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Rareş-Lucian Chiriac ◽  
Anghel Chiru ◽  
Ovidiu Condrea
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Military Vehicles ◽  
The Military

AbstractThe internal combustion engines performance can be increase. The residual gases can be recovered through turbo charging systems because is an important reserve of exhaust gas energy, which can be capitalized. The turbo charging solution is one of the most popular technical solutions for increasing the energy performance of internal combustion engines. The solutions proposed for the theoretical and experimental research is the hybrid turbocharger. The hybrid turbocharger has a double function: to compress the fresh air and to generate electric energy for the vehicle. The compressed fresh air is compress by the rotor wheel of the compressor. The generator which produces the electrical energy is linearly coupled to the rotor on the compressor shaft outside zone. The electrical energy can be used for consumption of the military vehicles or can be stored in to the battery of the vehicle. The military vehicle must have a internal combustion engine or a hybrid engine equipped with a hybrid turbocharger. The article aim is to present the results of the hybrid turbocharger. The simulation was realised with the AMESim Software developed by Siemens. To simulate the exhaust gas energy was used a CIMAT test bed which can provides high pressure air.

scholarly journals Needs Analysis for the Development of a Training Module for Hypercontent Examination Emission Inspection at the Ministry of Transportation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 322
Author(s):  
Galuh Indri Kusumawati ◽  
R.A. Murti Kusuma Wirasti ◽  
Dwi Kusumawardani
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Needs Analysis ◽  
Exhaust Emission ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Media ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Motorized Vehicles ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

The main factor of air pollution in Indonesia is motorized vehicles. Motorized vehicles operating on the road will produce exhaust gas emissions which result in air pollution. In overcoming exhaust gas emissions in vehicles, the Ministry of Transportation conducts training for exhaust emission inspection, and conducts training at one of the technical implementation units, namely the Indonesian Land Transportation Polytechnic (PTDI) STTD. The purpose of this study was to conduct a needs analysis to develop a hyper content learning module for training on exhaust emission examinations, using the R&D (research and Development) method using the Derek Rowntree model. The hyper content module is a module that combines hypertext, hyperlinks, and hypermedia, and the media used in the form of video, QR code, YouTube, and cloud computing. With the development of the hyper content module, it is possible to improve the understanding and learning outcomes of training participants in studying exhaust emissions from vehicles when compared to conventional learning.

Reducing Power Load Fluctuations on Ships Using Power Redistribution Control

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (03) ◽  
pp. 162-174
Author(s):  
Damir Radan ◽  
Asgeir J. Sørensen ◽  
Alf Kåre Ådnanes ◽  
Tor A. Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Network Stability ◽  
Power Load ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Exhaust Gas Emissions

A new controller to reduce the load fluctuations generated by consumers operating in marine power systems is proposed. The controller redistributes the power from consumers that generate load fluctuations to thrusters that compensate for fluctuations. This provides a cancellation of load disturbances sensed by generators. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is demonstrated through simulation studies on a supply vessel power plant, using the SIMULINK/MATLAB software package. The simulation results show that the controller contributes significantly toward improving the network stability and the dynamic behavior of the system under a wide range of operating and weather conditions. This results in increased operational safety of the vessel, extended equipment life, and reduced fuel consumption, exhaust gas emissions, and maintenance costs on the engines.

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