Analysis of Building Materials for Indoor Thermal Performance and Thermal Comfort

2013 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Harimi Djamila
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Energy Usage ◽  
Whole Space ◽  
Least Energy

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest on energy saving in building sector.Passive cooling is considered the best strategy for improving the indoor thermal conditions and comfortwith lowest cost energy usage. In air-conditioned era, however, many designers have fully forgotten that the main objective of building thermal comfort is not to cool the whole space but rather the resident of the building with the least energy consumption. This investigation is about discussing some of the available passive cooling strategies based on experimental investigations. Results from this study showed that building materialsaffect the indoorair temperature, which in turn willaffect the indoor thermal comfort. Design strategies more suitable under tropical humid climatic conditions were suggested.

scholarly journals Passive Cooling Solutions to Improve Thermal Comfort in Polish Dwellings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3648
Author(s):  
Joanna Ferdyn-Grygierek ◽  
Krzysztof Grygierek ◽  
Anna Gumińska ◽  
Piotr Krawiec ◽  
Adrianna Oćwieja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Efficient Solutions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Controlled Systems ◽  
Thermal Calculations ◽  
Family Building

The household sector in Poland consumes more than 25% of final energy. At the same time, residents reported dissatisfaction with the thermal conditions during the summer months. This paper details the search for passive and energy-efficient solutions to improve thermal comfort in Polish dwellings. A five-story, multi-family building was selected for this research. Analyses were conducted in apartments located on the top two floors using EnergyPlus (for thermal calculations) and CONTAM (for air exchange calculations) simulation programs for current and future climatic conditions. The stochastic behavior of people when opening windows and automatically controlled systems supplying external air to the building was considered. Airing the apartments by opening windows increased the heating demand but reduced the number of thermal discomfort hours by over 90%. The degree of airing by opening windows depends on residents opening their windows; therefore, a mechanical supply of external air controlled by both internal and external temperatures was proposed and tested.

scholarly journals Proposition of a simplified method for predicting hourly indoor temperatures in test cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Leite Krüger ◽  
Leandro Fernandes ◽  
Grace Tibério Cardoso ◽  
Emilio Eiji Kavamura
Keyword(s):  
Indoor Air ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Test Cells

Abstract Test cells can be used for testing the thermal performance of different passive systems and building components. Predictive methods for estimating indoor air temperatures can further enhance the number of configurations tested without increasing the amount of test cells to be built. Thus, direct comparisons can be drawn for identical background climatic conditions. In its most basic form, formulas are generated by linear regression from relatively short data sets, which provide daily indoor temperature conditions. However, for more detailed analyses, daily indoor temperature predictions may not suffice. In this paper, a method for obtaining hourly indoor air temperature predictions is proposed. It is based on rising and decreasing rates of the indoor temperature fluctuation relative to outdoors, which translates to warming or cooling trends of indoor thermal conditions. The applicability of the method is for test cells. It is a simple method yet capable of predicting the thermal behavior of complex physical processes. The method was tested using measured data from experiments in a test cell, built with conventional building materials in Brazil. Results showed high performance with mean bias of 0.27 °C to measured data and Pearson's r 0.99. When compared to traditional regression-based models, the method proposed showed better results.

scholarly journals An Investigation on Indoor Temperature of Modern Double Storey House with Adapted Common Passive Design Strategies of Malay Traditional House

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Qays Oleiwi ◽  
Mohd Farid Mohamed
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Cooling Strategies ◽  
Hot Humid Climate

Past years have witnessed the popularity of traditional Malay house as a common housing type in Malaysia. However, double-storey house has become one of the common types of low-rise housing in Malaysia. Several passive cooling strategies have been adopted to cope with the hot-humid climate of Malaysia. In this study, the thermal comfort of a double-storey house was examined when different passive cooling strategies that were adopted from traditional Malay houses were applied using IES-VE 2019 building simulation software. The simulation was conducted for various design strategies such as changing concrete roof tiles to clay roof tiles, adding two small openings to the attic, removing the ceiling between the upper floor and the attic, and extending the overhang by 50% of its length for all the four facades. All these strategies were tested and compared between full-day natural ventilation and without any ventilation. The thermal comfort of these strategies was graphically defined based on the operative temperature. These analyses revealed that protecting the building envelope by extending the overhang by 50% of its length for all the four facades could ensure the best thermal comfort is achieved compared to other selected strategies. Recommendations for further studies are also outlined in this paper.

scholarly journals Parametric Modelling and Traditional Architecture: Improving the thermal comfort of the traditional courtyard house in Morocco

2018 ◽  
Vol 149 ◽  
pp. 02051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid El Harrouni ◽  
Mouhcine Ben Aicha ◽  
Rime El Harrouni
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Parametric Modelling ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Indoor Climate ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
Improve Design ◽  
Courtyard House

The traditional courtyard house of the Mediterranean Basin has been viewed as a complex regulating system that creates a microclimate which historically worked, and still works, in a passive way to provide acceptable thermal comfort in summer. The internal courtyard is generally described as a positive factor that can moderate extreme outdoor climatic conditions. However, some researches have shown that the courtyard could become a negative factor from the energy efficiency point of view. For this purpose, this paper is based on a research study exploring sustainable characteristics of Moroccan traditional housing and its climatic adaptation, delving into the Rabat-Salé case study. A traditional courtyard model is used as a case study to analyze the indoor thermal comfort without using mechanical heating and cooling systems. The thermal behavior of the rooms surrounding the courtyard is analyzed under a temperate and humid climate of Rabat-Salé medina. The simulation modelling is carried out to analyze the effectiveness of different parameters to improve the indoor climate during summer and winter, including the façade orientation, the air infiltration, the surroundings, the ceiling height, the walls and roof/ceiling insulation and the shading devices. Tools for climatic design, Mahoney’s tables, Givoni and Szokolay bio climatic diagrams have been also used to improve design strategies in terms of thermal comfort.

scholarly journals Microclimatic Conditions of an Urban Square: Role of built environment and geometry

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (12) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Shahab Kariminia ◽  
Sabarinah Sh. Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Urban Square

Geometry plays a dominant role in thermal situations within city structures. This study aims to seek how this role affects thermal comfort of the visitors in an urban square. Computer simulations were performed along with physical measurements in an urban square during peak hot conditions of summer in Isfahan, Iran. In addition to the influence of built environment inside the square, the results confirmed the role of geometry on thermal conditions. The amelioration effect for the aspect ratio was higher than that of the orientation. Findings are useful for urban design strategies dealing with thermal comfort.Keywords: Thermal comfort; urban square; geometry; built environment eISSN 2398-4295 © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Evaluation Using Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 538
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk ◽  
Maria Jolanta Sulewska
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Linear Discriminant ◽  
Comfort Evaluation ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
Radiant Temperature

The thermal sensations of people differ from each other, even if they are in the same thermal conditions. The research was carried out in a didactic teaching room located in the building of the Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering in Poland. Tests on the temperature were carried out simultaneously with questionnaire surveys. The purpose of the survey was to define sensations regarding the thermal comfort of people in the same room, in different conditions of internal and external temperatures. In total 333 questionnaires were analyzed. After the discriminant and neural analyses it was found that it is not possible to forecast the thermal comfort assessment in the room based on the analyzed variables: gender, indoor air temperature, external wall radiant temperature, and outdoor air temperature. The thermal comfort assessments of men and women were similar and overlapped. The results of this study confirm that under the same thermal conditions about 85% of respondents assess thermal comfort as good, and about 15% of respondents assess thermal comfort as bad. The test results presented in this article are similar to the results of tests carried out by other authors in other climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Thermal Comfort Improvement for Atrium Building with Double-Skin Skylight in the Mediterranean Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 2253
Author(s):  
Refaa Sokkar ◽  
Halil Z. Alibaba
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Double Skin ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
American Society

Atria are added to buildings for their aesthetical, environmental, and economic benefits; the appropriate atrium design can enhance an atrium’s thermal performance and the adjacent spaces’ temperatures. However, inappropriate design decisions cause thermal discomfort and consequently, higher energy consumption. Since the Mediterranean climate has diverse climatic conditions around the year, a central atrium with a top-lit skylight is recommended, but during the summer period it can cause overheating, and the insertion of shading elements shrinks the lighting performance: thus, the atrium skylight design is supposed to improve thermal comfort without affecting the lighting level. This study investigated the improvement of thermal performance in the atrium building by the implementation of a double-skin skylight (DSS) to enhance the atrium thermal performance without shading. The research conducted computer simulations with Environmental Design Solutions (EDSL) Tas software sequentially. The study prepared various design strategies, and different proposals were tested and compared in terms of indoor temperatures, with reference to American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE-55). The implementation of DSS achieved an average of 77% comfort in working hours around the year with different opening percentages according to the outdoor conditions. Moreover, results show that changing the DSS glazing materials did not affect the thermal performance of the atrium.

scholarly journals KENYAMANAN TERMAL ADAPTIF MAHASISWA DI UNIVERSITAS SAINS DAN TEKNOLOGI JAYAPURA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Indah Sari Zulfiana
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Adaptive Behavior ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Adaptive Thermal Comfort ◽  
Thermal Preferences

To get good quality learning, a comfortable study room is needed both visually, audally and thermally. Thermal comfort is greatly influenced by the climatic conditions of a region. In areas with high daily air temperature, high humidity and low air velocity, it is difficult to produce thermal comfort with natural air conditioning. Jayapura City is one of the cities in Indonesia with daily air temperature and high humidity and low air velocity. Therefore, adaptive processes are needed to achieve thermal comfort in spaces, including study rooms. Each human's adaptive thermal comfort is different according to local climatic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the adaptive thermal comfort of students in naturally ventilated classrooms at the Jayapura University of Science and Technology (USTJ) in the city of Jayapura, Papua, namely students 'neutrality, acceptance and thermal preferences, as well as students' adaptive behavior in achieving thermal comfort. This research was conducted in one of USTJ's classrooms in Jayapura, Papua. Four environmental parameters were measured, namely temperature, humidity, wind speed, and mean radiant temperature (MRT). The data were obtained through filling out a questionnaire to 100 USTJ students during the space measurement. Thermal neutrality data were analyzed using regression analysis using SPSS software, while thermal acceptance and preference and adaptive behavior were analyzed based on the results of the questionnaire answers. The results showed that USTJ students' thermal neutrality was at 29.°C Ta or 29.55°C Top. all students can accept the thermal conditions of the room, but 59% of students choose to want the room to be cooler due to their thermal preferences. The adaptive behavior that is carried out is turning on the fan, picking up objects to be used as a fan, leaving the room and drinking more often.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE RADIANT COOLING CEILING PANELS WITH A REVERSIBLE HEAT PUMP

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (6) ◽  
pp. 5317-5321
Author(s):  
MIROSLAV RIMAR ◽  
◽  
MARCEL FEDAK ◽  
ANDRII KULIKOV ◽  
OLHA KULIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Cooling Systems ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Radiant Cooling ◽  
Conventional Cooling

Thermal comfort is one of the basic prerequisites for appropriate operating of the building. Ensuring thermal comfort in the summer means creating suitable thermal conditions in the interior. The present article evaluates the operation of radiant ceiling cooling, which is a suitable alternative for conventional cooling systems. Experimental cooling systems using a reversible heat pump as a source of chilled water were analyzed. The presented results indicate the ability of the system to ensure the required interior temperature under suitable climatic conditions using appropriate time management and sufficient accumulation. The required temperature is 24.51 °C and the deviation does not exceed ± 0.5K.

scholarly journals Improving thermal comfort conditions in K-12 educational buildings in hot and humid climate: a case study in Cucuta, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2069 (1) ◽  
pp. 012171
Author(s):  
D Guerrero ◽  
H Ge ◽  
B Lee
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
K 12

Abstract The school buildings in Colombia are built based on geographical locations and regional construction systems. However, external weather conditions and building design can have a significant impact on the thermal comfort of students, which affects the academic performance and productivity. This paper investigates the thermal comfort performance for an educational building in a hot and humid city in Cucuta, Colombia, built under national guidelines. This school is a concrete structure without mechanical cooling. However, field observation discovered that 82% of the time students experienced thermal discomfort. To investigate causes and provide mitigation strategies, a whole building energy simulation is conducted. Design Builder is used to evaluate the indoor thermal conditions compared to outdoor data collected. ASHRAE 55 adaptative model is used for the evaluation. It is found that 79% of the time the thermal conditions are outside the acceptable range during the year. The effect of mitigation measures i.e., occupancy, roof insulation, and natural ventilation rates are investigated through simulations. It is found that occupancy and natural ventilation rate have a significant impact on the indoor temperature and relative humidity, and thus the thermal comfort. Passive design strategies are proposed in optimizing the school building design to meet ASHARE-55 requirements.

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