Analysis of Emission Reduction Measures of City Stormwater Runoff and Facility Size

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2056-2060
Author(s):  
Yi Luo ◽  
Xue Min Dai ◽  
Hong Juan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Flow Reduction ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Facility Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Pools

This paper analyzes the urban runoff reduction measures facilities scale. Analyze and conclude the relationship data between existing-pipeline-controlled rainfall return period and runoff coefficient, by using source control. Calculate and conclude the design scale of ecological measures and storage pools, draw the corresponding generalized model, by using peak flow reduction, volume reduction and flow reduction measures.

Large-Scale Application of Biofiltration Swale Runoff Management Practices

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Check Dams ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Impervious Area ◽  
Hydrologic Responses

Retaining rainfall where it lands is a fundamental benefit of Low Impact Development (LID). The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Model (DURMM) was developed to address the benefits of LID design. DURMM explicitly addresses the benefits of impervious area disconnection as well as swale flow routing that responds to flow retardance changes. Biofiltration swales are an effective LID BMP for treating urban runoff. By adding check dams, the detention storage provided can also reduce peak rates. This presentation explores how the DURMM runoff reduction approach can be integrated with detention routing procedures to project runoff volume and peak flow reductions provided by BMP facilities. This approach has been applied to a 1,200 unit project on 360 hectares located in Delaware, USA. Over 5 km of biofiltration swales have been designed, many of which have stone check dams placed every 30 to 35 meters to provide detention storage. The engineering involved in the design of such facilities uses hydrologic modeling based upon TR-20 routines, as adapted by the DURMM model. The hydraulic approach includes routing of flows through the check dams. This presentation summarizes the hydrological network, presents the hydrologic responses, along with selected hydrographs to demonstrate the potential of design approach.

scholarly journals Estimation of Peak Flow in Ungauged Catchments Using the Relationship between Runoff Coefficient and Curve Number

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nam Kim ◽  
Mun-Ju Shin
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Curve Number ◽  
Rational Method ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Ungauged Catchments ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Flow Estimation ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
The Relationship

Hourly flood flow estimation for gauged and ungauged catchments is a prerequisite for planning and water management. Various methods have been applied in a multitude of studies to calculate the peak flow for ungauged catchments. However, it is not simple for engineers to use the existing methods in practical applications. An easier method is suggested for this purpose in this study. The authors estimated the relationship between the runoff coefficient, intensity of rainfall, and curve number, and then utilized the relationship to calculated the peak flow using the rational method for ungauged catchments. Rainfall and flood time series for ungauged study catchments were generated by a simple data generation method and a distributed rainfall–runoff model. Results showed that the runoff coefficients simulated using the estimated relationship reasonably agree with the runoff coefficients in the studied ungauged catchments. In addition, the peak flow simulated using the rational method and the relationship highly agree with the peak flow in the ungauged catchments. Therefore, the peak flow in ungauged catchments can be easily calculated by this method, which is more pragmatic for engineers.

scholarly journals Correlation between LID Flood Control Capability and Runoff Coefficient

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-351
Author(s):  
Yonggil Jeong ◽  
Jongpyo Park ◽  
Hyunsuk Sin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Short-term heavy rains caused by global warming could lead to urban flooding as well as damage to both people and property. Although Korea is taking active measures to reduce the impact of flood-related disasters through disaster impact assessments, these assessments mainly consist of qualitative evaluation procedures for urban inundation when designating districts for development projects. The recently developed “inundation determination and detention site size calculation program” has made it possible to review urban inundation hydraulic calculations, even when designating districts for development projects. However, there is still a limit to the hydraulic review and the utilization of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities due to the lack of linkage between the use of such facilities and the inundation determination program. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop a technique to utilize runoff coefficients in applying the LID in the flood determination program. Therefore, in this study, the flood control capacity of stormwater runoff reduction facilities at each LID facility was reviewed and the relationship with runoff coefficient was analyzed.

Barley seed storage under controlled conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 140-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Zadorozhna ◽  
T. P. Shyianova ◽  
M.Yu. Skorokhodov
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage

Seed longevity of 76 spring barley gene pool samples (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. distichon, convar. distichon: 56 nutans Schubl., two deficience (Steud.) Koern., two erectum Rode ex Shuebl., two medicum Koern.; convar. nudum (L.) A.Trof.: one nudum L. та subsp. vulgare: convar. vulgare: nine pallidum Ser., three rikotense Regel.; convar. coeleste (L.) A.Trof.: one coeleste (L.) A.Trof.) from 26 countries, 11 years and four places of reproduction was analyzed. Seeds with 5–8% moisture content were stored in chamber with unregulated and 4oC temperature. The possibility of seed storage under these conditions for at least 10 years without significant changes in germination has been established. The importance of meteorological conditions in the formation and ripening of seeds for their longevity is confirmed. The relationship between the decrease of barley seeds longevity and storage conditions, amount of rainfall, temperature regime during the growing season of plants is discussed.

A study on the effects of urban runoff controls in the sandsli research catchment, Bergen, Norway

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 379-384
Author(s):  
Sveinn T. Thorolfsson
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Urban Stormwater Management ◽  
Water Conditions

This paper describes a case study on a new alternative drainage system for urban stormwater management, the so-called “Sandsli-system”. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Sandsli system and the effects of the solution on ground water conditions. The study is carried out in the Sandsli research catchment in Bergen, Norway. The idea behind the “Sandsli-system is not to mix the polluted and the clean stormwater combined with a source control for both stormwater quantity and quality. The clean stormwater is percolated as quickly as possible, while the polluted stormwater is collected and conducted to an appropriate site for disposal or treatment. The Sandsli-system was developed as an alternative drainage system to the conventional drainage system. The system has been functioning satisfactorily since 1981 to date. The advantages of the use of the Sandsli-system is highlighted i.e. recharging the stormwater to the ground water. The Sandsli-system is appropriate to locations with climate and geology similar to that found in the coastal part of Norway

scholarly journals The Impact of Alkaloid-Producing Epichloë Endophyte on Forage Ryegrass Breeding: A New Zealand Perspective

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Colin Eady
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Abiotic Stressors ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Epichloë Endophyte

For 30 years, forage ryegrass breeding has known that the germplasm may contain a maternally inherited symbiotic Epichloë endophyte. These endophytes produce a suite of secondary alkaloid compounds, dependent upon strain. Many produce ergot and other alkaloids, which are associated with both insect deterrence and livestock health issues. The levels of alkaloids and other endophyte characteristics are influenced by strain, host germplasm, and environmental conditions. Some strains in the right host germplasm can confer an advantage over biotic and abiotic stressors, thus acting as a maternally inherited desirable ‘trait’. Through seed production, these mutualistic endophytes do not transmit into 100% of the crop seed and are less vigorous than the grass seed itself. This causes stability and longevity issues for seed production and storage should the ‘trait’ be desired in the germplasm. This makes understanding the precise nature of the relationship vitally important to the plant breeder. These Epichloë endophytes cannot be ‘bred’ in the conventional sense, as they are asexual. Instead, the breeder may modulate endophyte characteristics through selection of host germplasm, a sort of breeding by proxy. This article explores, from a forage seed company perspective, the issues that endophyte characteristics and breeding them by proxy have on ryegrass breeding, and outlines the methods used to assess the ‘trait’, and the application of these through the breeding, production, and deployment processes. Finally, this article investigates opportunities for enhancing the utilisation of alkaloid-producing endophytes within pastures, with a focus on balancing alkaloid levels to further enhance pest deterrence and improving livestock outcomes.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Controlling Factors of the Drought Runoff Coefficient

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1259
Author(s):  
Rei Itsukushima
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Topographical Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Increasing water demand due to population growth, economic development, and changes in rainfall patterns due to climate change are likely to alter the duration and magnitude of droughts. Understanding the relationship between low-flow conditions and controlling factors relative to the magnitude of a drought is important for establishing sustainable water resource management based on changes in future drought risk. This study demonstrates the relationship between low-flow and controlling factors under different severities of drought. I calculated the drought runoff coefficient for six types of occurrence probability, using past observation data of annual total discharge and precipitation in the Japanese archipelago, where multiple climate zones exist. Furthermore, I investigated the pattern of change in the drought runoff coefficient in accordance with the probability of occurrence of drought, and relationships among the coefficient and geological, land use, and topographical factors. The drought runoff coefficient for multiple drought magnitudes exhibited three behaviors, corresponding to the pattern of precipitation. Results from a generalized linear model (GLM) revealed that the controlling factors differed depending on the magnitude of the drought. During high-frequency droughts, the drought runoff coefficient was influenced by geological and vegetation factors, whereas land use and topographical factors influenced the drought runoff coefficient during low-frequency droughts. These differences were caused by differences in runoff, which dominated stream discharge, depending on the magnitude of the drought. Therefore, for effective water resource management, estimation of the volume of drought runoff needs to consider the pattern of precipitation, geology, land use, and topography.

scholarly journals Assessing the Feasibility of a Cloud-Based, Spatially Distributed Modeling Approach for Tracking Green Stormwater Infrastructure Runoff Reductions

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
Gary Conley ◽  
Nicole Beck ◽  
Catherine Riihimaki ◽  
Krista McDonald ◽  
Michelle Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Catchment Scale ◽  
Design Storm ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Green Stormwater Infrastructure

Use of green stormwater infrastructure (GSI) to mitigate urban runoff impacts has grown substantially in recent decades, but municipalities often lack an integrated approach to prioritize areas for implementation, demonstrate compelling evidence of catchment-scale improvements, and communicate stormwater program effectiveness. We present a method for quantifying runoff reduction benefits associated with distributed GSI that is designed to align with the spatial scale of information required by urban stormwater implementation. The model was driven by a probabilistic representation of rainfall events to estimate annual runoff and reductions associated with distributed GSI for various design storm levels. Raster-based calculations provide estimates on a 30-m grid, preserving unique combinations of drainage factors that drive runoff production, hydrologic storage, and infiltration benefits of GSI. The model showed strong correspondence with aggregated continuous runoff data from a set of urbanized catchments in Salinas, California, USA, over a three-year monitoring period and output sensitivity to the storm drain network inputs. Because the model runs through a web browser and the parameterization is based on readily available spatial data, it is suitable for nonmodeling experts to rapidly update GSI features, compare alternative implementation scenarios, track progress toward urban runoff reduction goals, and demonstrate regulatory compliance.

Systems, data and the actuary

1991 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-293
Author(s):  
J. Roberts ◽  
N. J. Greenwood ◽  
J. D. Harsant ◽  
M. G. Sturmey
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Computer Literacy ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Working Party ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Open Forum ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Adequate Data

ABSTRACTThe paper was prepared by an informal working party as an introduction to an open forum discussion. It considers from several viewpoints the relationship between the actuary and the computer, both in its function as a calculating tool and as a data processing and storage medium. The paper considers in detail the requirements of the Appointed Actuary for adequate data, the problems of allocating and pricing for computer costs and the increasing uses of computer modelling in financial reporting. The place of computer literacy in actuarial education, future developments and standards are also considered.

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