scholarly journals Correlation between LID Flood Control Capability and Runoff Coefficient

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 339-351
Author(s):  
Yonggil Jeong ◽  
Jongpyo Park ◽  
Hyunsuk Sin
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Qualitative Evaluation ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Short-term heavy rains caused by global warming could lead to urban flooding as well as damage to both people and property. Although Korea is taking active measures to reduce the impact of flood-related disasters through disaster impact assessments, these assessments mainly consist of qualitative evaluation procedures for urban inundation when designating districts for development projects. The recently developed “inundation determination and detention site size calculation program” has made it possible to review urban inundation hydraulic calculations, even when designating districts for development projects. However, there is still a limit to the hydraulic review and the utilization of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities due to the lack of linkage between the use of such facilities and the inundation determination program. Accordingly, it is necessary to develop a technique to utilize runoff coefficients in applying the LID in the flood determination program. Therefore, in this study, the flood control capacity of stormwater runoff reduction facilities at each LID facility was reviewed and the relationship with runoff coefficient was analyzed.

23. The Environment

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Barry ◽  
Kerri Woods
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Environmental Refugees ◽  
Environmental Campaigns ◽  
Environmental Human Rights ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rights Issues

This chapter examines the ways that environmental issues affect human rights and the relevance of human rights to environmental campaigns. It also evaluates proposals for extending human rights to cover environmental rights, rights for future generations, and rights for some non-human animals. The chapter begins with a discussion of the relationship between human rights and the environment, along with the notion that all persons have ‘environmental human rights’. It then analyses the impact of the environment on human security and its implications for human rights issues before considering case studies that illustrate how environmental issues directly impact on the human rights of the so-called environmental refugees, who are displaced from lands by the threat of climate change and also by development projects. Finally, the chapter describes the link between human rights and environmental sustainability.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Permeable Pavements and Vegetative Swales for Developing Sponge Cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARUNA V ◽  
Suja R ◽  
Rajalakshmi C R
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Storm Water ◽  
Small Catchment ◽  
Storm Water Management ◽  
Permeable Pavements ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As communities grows, the area covered by rooftops and concreted surfaces increases. Rain water which would have infiltrated, flows across these impermeable surface carrying pollutants along the way. This causes frequent flash floods in urban areas. Effective storm water management is needed for the sustainable development of communities. In this study the runoff generation for a small catchment is quantified and the effectiveness of low impact development (LID) practices (permeable pavements (pp) & vegetative swales) in mitigating the runoff at the source itself is studied using Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The most influential design storm and the soil type pertaining to the study area were the determining factors for evaluating the impact of LID’s. The steady flow model and Hortons’s infiltration parameters for the soil type in study area were adopted for the analysis. The permeable pavements and swales performed well in reducing the runoff but the swales were less efficient in reducing the runoff, and the runoff reduction potential of permeable pavements and swales are 4.48% and 2.05% respectively. Runoff reduction is more efficient in case of combination of permeable pavements and vegetative swales as LIDs. The percentage reduction in runoff is about 6.05% and the efficiency of the combination type LID is about 17%. The results from simulation show that the low impact development practices are efficient in mimicking the pre-development hydrologic conditions of the landscape to a great extent.

scholarly journals The Impact of Wind on the Rainfall-Runoff Relationship in Urban High-Rise Building Areas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xichao Gao ◽  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Dawei Han ◽  
Kai Gao ◽  
Qian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Wind drift has a significant influence on the rainfall-runoff relationship in urban high-rise building areas since the oblique rainfall caused by the wind drift can interact with the building walls. However, the impact of the rainfall inclination angle on the rainfall-runoff process in urban high-rise building areas has not been studied. In this study, the relationship between wind and the rainfall-runoff process in such areas was explored. A theoretical framework was developed to describe their relationship, including a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to obtain the relationship between wind speed and rainfall inclination and a newly derived equation to describe the relationship between rainfall inclination and the runoff coefficient. Subsequently, a laboratory scale model experiment was conducted to verify the proposed framework. The main results are that (1) the runoff coefficient calculated by the proposed theoretical framework is highly consistent with that obtained from the laboratory experiment; (2) the runoff coefficient of urban high-rise building areas increases with wind speed; (3) the change of the runoff coefficient for the experiment with larger raindrop is 0.047 when the wind speed increases from 0 to 5.9 m/s while that for the experiment with smaller raindrop is 0.064, which means that the rainfall with larger droplets is less influenced by the wind.

scholarly journals Analysis of the specific water level of flood control and the threshold value of rainfall warning for small and medium rivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
pp. 201-211
Author(s):  
Yuzhong Hu ◽  
Zhaoxia Wang ◽  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Shiqi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Rainfall Threshold ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Flood Warning ◽  
Variable Characteristic ◽  
Control Capability ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. In order to fully use the newly-built hydrologic stations in small and medium rivers for flood warning and prevention, based on the technical line of the investigation and evaluation of flash flood disasters, different historical flood information of the warning river section was investigated, while the elevations of riverain houses were measured. The relationship between the stations and affected population has been established for the study region. According to integrated flood control capability of riverside residents, the characteristic water levers and rainfall threshold values were determined in this case. The results indicate that the warning and safety levels are 54.0 and 55.3 m, respectively. The analysis results show that the warning should be issued when the net rainfall intensity is 70 mm h−1 or 110 mm for 6 h condition. And considering the effectiveness of disaster avoidance, variable characteristic water levers of the hydrologic station for flood warning in different village were determined on the basis of the flood control capability of each village. The relationship between hydrologic numerical value and inundating influence was established in a one-to-n way.

scholarly journals The impact of wind on the rainfall–runoff relationship in urban high-rise building areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 6023-6039
Author(s):  
Xichao Gao ◽  
Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Dawei Han ◽  
Kai Gao ◽  
Qian Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Wind Drift ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Wind drift has a significant influence on the rainfall–runoff relationship in urban high-rise building areas since the oblique rainfall caused by the wind drift can interact with the building walls. However, the impact of the rainfall inclination angle on the rainfall–runoff process in urban high-rise building areas has not been studied. In this study, the relationship between wind and the rainfall–runoff process in such areas was explored. A theoretical framework has been developed to describe their relationship, including a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method to obtain the relationship between wind speed and rainfall inclination and a newly derived equation to describe the relationship between rainfall inclination and the runoff coefficient. Subsequently, a laboratory scale model experiment was conducted to verify the proposed framework. The main results are that (1) the runoff coefficient calculated by the proposed theoretical framework is highly consistent with that obtained from the laboratory experiment, (2) the runoff coefficient of urban high-rise building areas increases with wind speed and the increase rate is linear with the tangent of the rainfall inclination angle, and (3) the change in the runoff coefficient for the experiment with larger raindrop is 0.047 when the wind speed increases from 0 to 5.9 m s−1, while that for the experiment with smaller raindrop is 0.064, which means that the rainfall with larger droplets is less influenced by the wind.

All Goods are Dangerous Goods

2019 ◽  
pp. 180-213
Author(s):  
James Tharin Bradford
Keyword(s):  
Critical Role ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Opium Production ◽  
Drug Traffickers ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter discusses the impact of the Helmand Valley Development Project, the largest American investment project in Afghanistan prior to the Afghan-Soviet War, and the impact on the development of the illicit opium trade. During the 1950s and 1960s, American development projects (through USAID) aimed to transform the Helmand Valley into a rich agricultural zone by building dams, and improving irrigation and farming techniques, to prepare farmers to grow crops for regional and global markets. By the 1970s, shifts in the global supply of illicit opium led drug traffickers to Afghanistan in search of new supply, and farmers in Helmand and surrounding areas began to shift to opium cultivation. In the course of the analysis, the chapter explores the relationship between globalization and development projects, and why the Helmand Valley project played a critical role in the growth of illicit opium production in Afghanistan.

Analysis of the impact of low impact development on runoff from a new district in Korea

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-min Lee ◽  
Kyoung-hak Hyun ◽  
Jong-soo Choi
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Low Impact Development ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Runoff Volume ◽  
Urban Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Peak Runoff ◽  
The Impact

An analysis of the impact of a low impact development (LID) on runoff was performed using a Storm Water Management Model 5 (SWMM5)–LID model. The SWMM5 package has been developed to facilitate the analysis of the hydrologic impacts of LID facilities. Continuous simulation of urban stormwater runoff from the district which included the LID design was conducted. In order to examine the impact of runoff in the LID district the first, second and third highest ranked flood events over the past 38 years were analyzed. The assessment estimated that a LID system under historical storm conditions would reduce peak runoff by approximately 55–66% and runoff volume by approximately 25–121% in comparison with that before the LID design. The impact on runoff was also simulated under 50, 80 and 100 year return period conditions. Under these conditions, the runoff reductions within the district were estimated to be about 6–16% (peak runoff) and 33–37% (runoff volume) in comparison with conditions prior to the LID. It is concluded from these results that LID is worthy of consideration for urban flood control in future development and as part of sewer and stormwater management planning.

Analysis of Emission Reduction Measures of City Stormwater Runoff and Facility Size

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 2056-2060
Author(s):  
Yi Luo ◽  
Xue Min Dai ◽  
Hong Juan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Peak Flow ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Source Control ◽  
Runoff Coefficient ◽  
Flow Reduction ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
Facility Size ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Pools

This paper analyzes the urban runoff reduction measures facilities scale. Analyze and conclude the relationship data between existing-pipeline-controlled rainfall return period and runoff coefficient, by using source control. Calculate and conclude the design scale of ecological measures and storage pools, draw the corresponding generalized model, by using peak flow reduction, volume reduction and flow reduction measures.

Accent Policy and Accent Modification Enterprises as Potential Indicators of Intercultural Power Relations: A Call for an Updated Research Agenda

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brynne D. Ovalle ◽  
Rahul Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Cultural Organization ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This article has two purposes: (a) to examine the relationship between intercultural power relations and the widespread practice of accent discrimination and (b) to underscore the ramifications of accent discrimination both for the individual and for global society as a whole. First, authors review social theory regarding language and group identity construction, and then go on to integrate more current studies linking accent bias to sociocultural variables. Authors discuss three examples of intercultural accent discrimination in order to illustrate how this link manifests itself in the broader context of international relations (i.e., how accent discrimination is generated in situations of unequal power) and, using a review of current research, assess the consequences of accent discrimination for the individual. Finally, the article highlights the impact that linguistic discrimination is having on linguistic diversity globally, partially using data from the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and partially by offering a potential context for interpreting the emergence of practices that seek to reduce or modify speaker accents.

Business: Making Cents of Coding Systems: Billing for Professional Services

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Dee Adams Nikjeh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Services ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Coding Systems ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Program Funding ◽  
Fee Schedule ◽  
Procedure Codes ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Administrators and supervisors face daily challenges over issues such as program funding, service fees, correct coding procedures, and the ever-changing healthcare regulations. Receiving equitable reimbursement for speech-language pathology and audiology services necessitates an understanding of federal coding and reimbursement systems. This tutorial provides information pertaining to two major healthcare coding systems and explains the relationship of these systems to clinical documentation, the Medicare Physician Fee Schedule and equitable reimbursement. An explanation of coding edits and coding modifiers is provided for use in those occasional atypical situations when the standard use of procedural coding may not be appropriate. Also included in this tutorial is a brief discussion of the impact that the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008 (HR 6331 Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act [MIPPA], 2008) has had on the valuation of speech-language pathology procedure codes.

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