Study on Volatile Evolution during the Eucalyptus Pyrolysis by Using TG-FTIR Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 884-885 ◽  
pp. 148-153
Author(s):  
Dian Zheng Fu ◽  
Ye Tang ◽  
Zheng Hui Fu ◽  
Hong Liang Zhang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
South China ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Decomposition Stage

In this study, thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR) was used to studying the volatile evolution characteristic during the eucalyptus pyrolysis from South China. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the pyrolysis of eucalyptus occurred in three main stages which are the moisture vaporization stage, the volatile matter release stage and the char decomposition stage. The major gases evolved during the pyrolysis process were identified to be H2O, CO, CO2, CH4. In addition, the effects of different heating rates on the emissions of these pyrolysis products have been studied.

TG-FTIR Analysis of Sewage Sludge: Influence of Moisture and Atmosphere

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 532-541
Author(s):  
Qian Jin Dai ◽  
Xu Guang Jiang ◽  
Yu Qi Jin ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Yong Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Gas Evolution ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Flow ◽  
Char Combustion ◽  
Two Peaks

Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR) of sewage sludge was carried out to investigate the influence of moisture and oxygen on gas evolution during pyrolysis of sewage sludge. Wet sewage sludge with moisture of 86.47(wt. %) was collected from Shanghai, China. Wet sewage sludge and air dried sewage sludge were used in TG-FTIR analysis, while combustion (air flow) and pyrolysis (nitrogen flow) were separately introduced to achieve comparison. In condition of dry sewage sludge pyrolysis, there were two peaks representing release of separately moisture and volatile. Weight lost 85% in the temperature range of 25-600 °C while the main volatile matters were released before 600 °C. When air flow was introduced, a third peak of char combustion occurred. Wet sewage sludge made no much difference, except for the relatively outstanding peak of moisture release. Temperature regions for each stage were the same for wet and dry sewage sludge from TG curve. However, from the FTIR analysis, ammonia has two peaks between 50 and 450 °C in pyrolysis while ammonia has only one peak between 50 and 300°C.

Thermal Characterization Study of Eucalyptus Sourced from South China with Thermo-Kinetic Analysis Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 479-484
Author(s):  
Ye Tang ◽  
Dian Zheng Fu ◽  
Zheng Hui Fu ◽  
Hong Liang Zhang ◽  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
South China ◽  
Kinetic Method ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Constant Heating

In this study, thermogravimetric analysis and kinetic analysis techniques were used to investigating the pyrolysis characteristic of the eucalyptus feedstock sourced from South China. The thermogravimetric analysis results indicate that the pyrolysis of eucalyptus sample occurred in three main stages which are the moisture vaporization stage, the volatile matter release stage and the char decomposition stage. The kinetic analysis results show that C-R kinetic method fits to the pyrolysis characterizations of eucalyptus. In addition, the effects of different constant heating rates on the pyrolysis behavior and kinetic parameters have been also studied in this paper.

scholarly journals Pre-Treatment of Furniture Waste for Smokeless Charcoal Production

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3188
Author(s):  
Paweł Kazimierski ◽  
Paulina Hercel ◽  
Katarzyna Januszewicz ◽  
Dariusz Kardaś
Keyword(s):  
Oriented Strand Board ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Pyrolysis Products ◽  
Slow Pyrolysis

The aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using furniture waste for smokeless fuel production using the pyrolysis process. Four types of wood-based wastes were used in the pyrolysis process: pine sawdust (PS), chipboard (CB), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and oriented strand board (OSB). Additionally, the slow and fast types of pyrolysis were compared, where the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively. Chemical analyses of the raw materials and the pyrolysis product yields are presented. A significant calorific value rise was observed for the solid pyrolysis products (from approximately 17.5 MJ/kg for raw materials up to approximately 29 MJ/kg for slow pyrolysis products and 31 MJ/kg for fast pyrolysis products). A higher carbon content of char was observed in raw materials (from approximately 48% for raw materials up to approximately 75% for slow pyrolysis products and approximately 82% for fast pyrolysis products) than after the pyrolysis process. This work presents the possibility of utilizing waste furniture material that is mostly composed of wood, but is not commonly used as a substrate for conversion into low-emission fuel. The results prove that the proposed solution produced char characterized by the appropriate properties to be classified as smokeless coal.

Thermogravimetric Analysis and Kinetic Study on Catalytic Pyrolysis of Rice Husk Pellet using Its Ash as a Low-cost In-situ Catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-219
Author(s):  
Wusana Agung Wibowo ◽  
Rochim Bakti Cahyono ◽  
Rochmadi Rochmadi ◽  
Arief Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Energy Of Activation ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Decomposition Stage ◽  
Model Free

The thermogravimetric behaviors and the kinetic parameters of uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis processes of a mixture of powdered raw rice husk (RRH) and its ash (RHA) in the form of pellets were determined by thermogravimetric analysis at three different heating rates, i.e., 5, 10, and 20 K/min, from 303 to 873 K. This research aimed to prove that the rice husk ash has a catalytic effect on rice husk pyrolysis. To investigate the catalytic effect of RHA, rice husk pellets (RHP) with the weight ratio of RRH:ARH of 10:2 were used as the sample. Model-free methods, namely Friedman (FR), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), were used to calculate the apparent energy of activation ( ). The thermogravimetric analysis showed that the decomposition of RHP in a nitrogen atmosphere could be divided into three stages: drying stage (303-443 K), the rapid decomposition stage (443-703 K), and the slow decomposition stage (703-873 K). The weight loss percentages of each stage for both uncatalyzed and catalyzed pyrolysis of RHP were 2.4-5.7%, 35.5-59.4%, and 2.9-12.2%, respectively. Using the FR, FWO, and KAS methods, the values of  for the degrees of conversion (a) of 0.1 to 0.65 were in the range of 168-256 kJ/mol for the uncatalyzed pyrolysis and 97-204 kJ/mol for the catalyzed one. We found that the catalyzed pyrolysis led the  to have values lower than those got by the uncatalyzed one. This phenomenon might prove that RHA has a catalytic effect on RHP pyrolysis by lowering the energy of activation.

Thermogravimetric Analysis−Fourier Transform Infrared Analysis of Palm Oil Waste Pyrolysis

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1814-1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiping Yang ◽  
Rong Yan ◽  
Terence Chin ◽  
David Tee Liang ◽  
Hanping Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Infrared Analysis

Residence Time Influence on the Fast Pyrolysis of Loblolly Pine Biomass

2010 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rhett Mayor ◽  
Alexander Williams
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Residence Times ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Degradation Model ◽  
Two Component

Bio-oils were produced within a fast pyrolysis microreactor at 400°C from Pinus taeda (Loblolly pine) with varying residence times. This study has considered six residence times, evaluating the products of the reaction between 10 s and 120 s. The collected bio-oils and solids were analyzed for their calorific values and yields. Heating rates greater than 100°C/s were achieved, allowing for isothermal conditions throughout the majority of the reaction despite short residence times. The predictive capabilities of thermogravimetric analysis derived Arrhenius coefficients are evaluated and a new two component degradation model is empirically derived, showing a much improved representation of the fast pyrolysis process.

Mechanism and Kinetics of Pyrolysis of Coal With High Ash and Low Fixed Carbon Contents

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Yang ◽  
Jing-yu Ran ◽  
Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Global Symmetry ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Characteristic Index ◽  
Pyrolysis Reaction ◽  
Second Stage

There are much coal with low content of volatile matter (Vad < 20%), high content of ash (Aad > 50%), low heating caloric (∼10,000 kJ/kg) in China. It is very important to study pyrolysis performance of the coal to ensure high efficiency of utilization and low pollution emissions. In this paper, we study the pyrolysis reaction details of different types of this coal from different regions of China under different pyrolysis pressures, temperatures, particle sizes, and heating rates by thermo-gravimetry (TG) method. The pyrolysis characteristic temperatures and the characteristic index of volatilization matter released of coal gangue (CG) are obtained in this work. In addition, the detailed process of mechanism and kinetic parameters of pyrolysis are presented. The results show that many factors have an obvious influence on the pyrolysis reaction of the coal. The pyrolysis process of the coal is comprised of two stages. At the primary stage(t < 560 °C), the pyrolysis reaction is dominated by the diffusion rate of volatile matter because of the high ash content, which is the global symmetry diffusion mechanism, and the volatile matter of this stage is more difficult to come out and a high pyrolysis activation energy is observed. With increasing pyrolysis temperature, the pyrolysis reaction is moving into diffusion limitation, the volatile matter is released plentifully, and the low activation energy is found. At the second stage (t > 560 °C), the pyrolysis reaction is governed by the tar-released reaction and the pyrolysis reaction order is 1.5. The high activation energy is also observed for the second stage pyrolysis process.

scholarly journals Polyvinyl Alcohol Reinforced Flame-Retardant Polyacrylonitrile Composite Fiber Prepared by Boric Acid Cross-Linking and Phosphorylation

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanlin Ren ◽  
Tian Tian ◽  
Lina Jiang ◽  
Xiaohui Liu ◽  
Zhenbang Han
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Boric Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Char Residue ◽  
Pan Fiber

To improve the strength and maintain the inherent properties of flame-retardant polyacrylonitrile (FR-PAN) fiber, a commercialized hydrocarbon polymer, i.e., poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), used as an enhancement component, was blended with polyacrylonitrile (PAN) spinning dope to fabricate a PVA/PAN composite fiber through wet-spun technology. Then, cross-linked PVA/PAN composite fiber (C-PVA/PAN) was acquired via boric acid cross-linking. Finally, flame-retardant C-PVA/PAN fiber (FR-PVA/PAN) was prepared by phosphorylation. The structures of the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results reveal that the thermal stability of the composite fiber is lower than that of the pristine PAN fiber. However, the char residue of the composite fiber is higher than that of the control sample, wherein, FR-PVA/PAN has the highest char residue of 62.5 wt% at 800 °C. The results regarding the combustion properties of FR-PVA/PAN show that the fire hazard of FR-PVA/PAN is restrained greatly, indicating excellent flame-retardant performance. The corresponding flame-retardant mechanism of FR-PAV/PAN is investigated by Pyrolysis gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) and thermogravimetric analysis coupled with Fourier transform infrared analysis (TG-FTIR). The results indicate the gas-phase and condensed-phase flame-retardant mechanisms.

scholarly journals Determination of the Thermodynamic Parameters of the Pyrolysis Process of Post-Consumption Thermoplastics by Non-Isothermal Thermogravimetric Analysis

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 4379
Author(s):  
Paul Palmay ◽  
Cesar Puente ◽  
Diego Barzallo ◽  
Joan Carles Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Heating Rates ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Isoconversional Models ◽  
The One

Currently, the pyrolysis process is an important technology for the final treatment of plastic waste worldwide. For this reason, knowing in detail the chemical process and the thermodynamics that accompany cracking reactions is of utmost importance. The present study aims to determine the thermodynamic parameters of the degradation process of conventional thermoplastics (polystyrene (PS), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) from the study of their chemical kinetics by thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Non-isothermal thermogravimetry was performed at three heating rates from room temperature to 550 °C with an inert nitrogen atmosphere with a flow of 20 mL min−1. Once the TG data is obtained, an analysis is carried out with the isoconversional models of Friedman (FR), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) in order to determine the one that best fits the experimental data, and with this, the calculation of the activation energy and the pre-exponential factor is performed. The validation of the model was carried out using the correlation factor, determining that the KAS model is the one that best adjusts for the post-consumer thermoplastic degradation process at the three heating rates. With the use of the kinetic parameters, the variation of the Gibbs free energy is determined in each of the cases, where it is necessary that for structures containing aromatic groups a lower energy is presented, which implies a relative ease of degradation compared to the linear structures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document