Research on the Ecological Slope Protection with Aqueous Polymer Soil Stabilizer

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 3556-3559
Author(s):  
Jin Liu ◽  
Yi Lu ◽  
Fa Ming Zhang ◽  
Chang Qing Qi ◽  
Shao Rui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Aqueous Polymer ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Simple Implementation

In this paper, a technology of ecological slope protection with aqueous polymer soil stabilizers is introduced. A clayey soil slope located in the Nanjing Pukou area in China is taken as a test field and a kind of aqueous polymer soil stabilizer, namely STW, are used. STW is developed by the research group of authors. The test field is divided into four regions based on the slope gradient, and one of regions, as a contrasting area, is no any soil stabilizer. The implementing process of this technology is also presented. The field test indicates that STW polymer soil stabilizer are very effective for improving the water-stability and anti-erosion of the soil slope and promoting the vegetation growth on the slope and is worth popularizing for water-soil prevention in the slope areas due to its simple implementation, low cost and ecological protection effect. Finally, the ecological slope protection mechanism of the aqueous polymer soil stabilizers is discussed.

Research on the Ecological Protection Mechanism and Applied of Expansive Soil Slope

2014 ◽  
Vol 501-504 ◽  
pp. 359-367
Author(s):  
Feng Zhou ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Ying Chun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Slope Failure ◽  
Expansive Soil ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Soil Slope ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Slope Treatment ◽  
Vegetation Formation

This paper summarizes and analyzes the basic concepts and ecological protection mechanism for expansion geotechnical slope failure mechanism and the resulting impact on the shallow, traction engineering properties such as analysis, proposed ecological slope of expansive soil slope mechanism of action: vegetation system by improving internal slope soil moisture and temperature changes affect the atmosphere and thus effectively reduce the depth. Vegetation root through reinforced anchoring, delay time and improving soil hydration ductility such as the role played good strength enhancement. Vegetation formation can effectively improve the damaged outer slope interface morphology, to restore the ecological environment and landscape effect. Integrating the past experience on expansive soil slope treatment, this paper provide a slope treatment method used in Nanning metro Tunli section, these will provide reference for the expansive soil slope ecological management.

scholarly journals An aqueous, polymer-based redox-flow battery using non-corrosive, safe, and low-cost materials

Nature ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 534 (7607) ◽  
pp. S9-S10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Janoschka ◽  
Norbert Martin ◽  
Udo Martin ◽  
Christian Friebe ◽  
Sabine Morgenstern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Redox Flow Battery ◽  
Flow Battery ◽  
Aqueous Polymer

scholarly journals Review on Applications of Lignin in Pavement Engineering: A Recent Survey

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Yao ◽  
Yiran Wang ◽  
Junfu Liu ◽  
Mei Xu ◽  
Pengrui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Development Trend ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Soil Stabilizer ◽  
Pavement Engineering

Lignin is the second-largest plant polymer on Earth after cellulose. About 98% of lignin produced in the papermaking and pulping industry is used for combustion heating or power generation. Less than 2% of lignin is used in more valuable fields, mainly in the formulation of dispersants, adhesives, and surfactants. Asphalt is one of the most important materials in pavement engineering. It is a dark brown complex mixture composed of hydrocarbons with different molecular weights and their non-metallic derivatives. Because the chemical structure of lignin is similar to that of asphalt, it is a carbon-based hydrocarbon material. More researchers studied the application of lignin in pavement engineering. In this paper, the structure, application, and extraction technology of lignin were summarized. This is a review article describing the different applications of lignin in pavement engineering and exploring the prospects of the application. There are three main types of pavement materials that can be used for lignin in pavement engineering, which are asphalt, asphalt mixture, and roadbed soil. In asphalt, lignin can be used as a modifier, extender, emulsifier, antioxidant, and coupling agent. In asphalt mixtures, lignin can be used as an additive. In road base soils, lignin can be used as a soil stabilizer. Furthermore, the article analyzed the application effects of lignin from the life cycle assessment. The conclusions suggest that lignin-modified asphalt exhibits more viscosity and hardness, and its high-temperature resistance and rutting resistance can be significantly improved compared with conventional asphalt. In addition, some lignin-modified asphalt binders exhibit reduced low-temperature crack resistance and fatigue resistance, which can be adjusted and selected according to the climate change in different regions. The performance of lignin as an asphalt mixture additive and asphalt extender has been proved to be feasible. Lignin can also produce good mechanical properties as well as environmental benefits as a soil stabilizer. In summary, lignin plays an important role in asphalt pavement and roadbed soil, and it is likely to be a development trend in the future due to its environmental friendliness and low cost. More research is needed to generalize the application of lignin in pavement engineering.

Global Snow Cover Extent Mapping Using Sentinel-1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Lun Tsai ◽  
Soner Uereyen ◽  
Andreas Dietz ◽  
Claudia Kuenzer ◽  
Natascha Oppelt
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Global Radiation ◽  
Radiation Balance ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Vegetation Growth ◽  
Winter Tourism ◽  
Snow Cover Extent ◽  
Near Future

<p>Seasonal snow cover extent (SCE) is a critical component not only for the global radiation balance and climatic behavior but also for water availability of mountainous and arid regions, vegetation growth, permafrost, and winter tourism. However, due to the effects of the global warming, SCE has been observed to behave in much more irregular and extreme patterns in both temporal and spatial aspects. Therefore, a continuous SCE monitoring strategy is necessary to understand the effect of climate change on the cryosphere and to assess the corresponding impacts on human society and the environment. Nevertheless, although conventional optical sensor-based sensing approaches are mature, they suffer from cloud coverage and illumination dependency. Consequently, spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) provides a pragmatic solution for achieving all-weather and day-and-night monitoring at low cost, especially after the launch of the Sentinel-1 constellation. </p><p>In the present study, we propose a new global SCE mapping approach, which utilizes dual-polarization intensity-composed bands, polarimetric H/A/α decomposition information, topographical factors, and a land cover layer to detect the SCE. By including not only amplitude but also phase information, we overcome the limitations of previous studies, which can only map wet SCE. Additionally, a layer containing the misclassification probability is provided as well for measuring the uncertainty. Based on the validation with in-situ stations and optical imagery, around 85% accuracy of the classification is ensured. Consequently, by implementing the proposed method globally, we can provide a novel way to map high resolution (20 m) and cloud-free SCE even under cloud covered/night conditions. Preparations to combine this product with the optical-based DLR Global SnowPack are already ongoing, offering the opportunity to provide a daily snow mapping service in the near future which is totally independent from clouds or polar darkness.</p>

Analysis and Application of Ecological Protection Technique for Slope Protection in Mountainous Area Expressway

2012 ◽  
Vol 178-181 ◽  
pp. 1545-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Yan Qin ◽  
Hai Yu Ge ◽  
Fu Lian Yan ◽  
Guang Ming Chang
Keyword(s):  
Design Principle ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Protection Mechanism ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Ecological Protection

Through the analysis of ecological protection for slope protection in mountainous area expressway,it illustrated the ecological protection technique advantage and mechanism.A new ecological protection technique is put forward,which is vegetation blanket protection technique.This ecology protection method was applied in the Lu'an-Qianshan Expressway and proved effective. The feasibility of protective measures was analyzed. Which provide a new ecology protection way to the expressway slope, which is in inferior land and rock area.Its protection mechanism and design principle is discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals X-ray absorption measurements on an ultrasonic spray aerosol

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schlaf ◽  
B. Höpfner ◽  
J. Figueroa ◽  
E. Tridas ◽  
E. Welter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Buffer Layers ◽  
Solution Flow ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Good Signal ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Absorption Measurements

Spray deposition of thin films and coatings is a widely used manufacturing process owing to its low cost, versatility and simple implementation. The objective of the presented experiments was to investigate whether X-ray absorption measurements on solutes carried by aerosols are possible, and what count rates can be achieved depending on solution flow through and the resulting mass density in the interrogation volume. The investigated prototypical spray aerosol was InCl3dissolved in water or ethanol dispersedviaan ultrasonic nebulizer. InCl3spray is essential for the ion layer gas reaction process used for the deposition of In2S3buffer layers for highly efficient chalcopyrite solar cells. The discussed experiments demonstrate that measurements are possible, but that the achievement of good signal-to-noise ratios requires extended sampling times and concentrated solutions.

One-Year Evaluation of a 20 MW Photovoltaic Power Station

2013 ◽  
Vol 805-806 ◽  
pp. 143-148
Author(s):  
Li Ying Xie ◽  
Yun Lin Sun ◽  
Rui Jiang Hong
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Power Station ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Partial Shading ◽  
Photovoltaic Power ◽  
One Year

Grid-connected PV power station is one of the most important applications of photovoltaic system, generating low cost and high-quality electric power without non-renewable energy, as well as relaxing the tightness of daytime power demand. In China, it is usually installed on remote open area for low cost to guarantee the abundant solar power. However, this kind of place usually comes with tough weather conditions. In this paper, the property of the PV test field is estimated by its output characteristic. One inevitable and two avoidable reasons which affect the plant output are proposed. Firstly, the inevitable factor is weather, and the assessment analyzing the performance of PV power system under different weather conditions, such as sunny, cloudy, rainy and snowy is then presented. Secondly, losses owing to the mounting type and partial shading, which can be reduced by well designing and installing, are also mentioned and analyzed.

scholarly journals Simple Implementation of a Fuzzy Logic Speed Controller for a PMDC Motor with a Low Cost Arduino Mega

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 5419-5422
Author(s):  
K. S. Belkhir
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Flash Memory ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Speed Controller ◽  
Simple Implementation ◽  
Speed Mode ◽  
Transient And Steady State

Control of the permanent magnetic direct current PMDC motor is a common practice, hence the importance of the implementation of the PMDC motor speed controller. The results of a fuzzy logic speed controller for the PMDC motor rely on an appropriate base. As the dimension of the rules increases, its difficulty rises which affects computation time and memory requirements. Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) can be carried out by a low-cost Arduino Mega which has a small flash memory and a maximum clock speed of 16MHz. It is realized by three membership functions and each was divided into three memberships. The results of the FLC are satisfactory, revealing superior transient and steady-state performance. In addition, the controller is robust to speed mode variations.

A Novel Intermittent Gas Lifting and Monitoring System Toward Liquid Unloading for Deviated Wells in Mature Gas Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Tong ◽  
Guangmin Zhao ◽  
Songbo Wei
Keyword(s):  
Data Exchange ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Gas Wells ◽  
Liquid Loading ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Automatic Production ◽  
Deviated Wells

For liquid-loading gas wells, effective deliquification operation is needed but current liquid-lifting technology is not able to meet the requirements of high efficiency as well as low cost especially in large-deviated wells. This paper proposes a hybrid deliquification technology combining plunger lift, chemical foamer injection, and down-hole monitoring to unload liquid in deviated gas wells. The system comprised multipart plunger body, deployment-retrieving integrating assembly (DRIA) and operation canisters. By means of flexible plunger body, the system performs deliquification normally in deviated wellbore. The operation canisters are carried with plunger body through tubing onto the bottom of deviated section to operate in terms of four modes: long-term down-hole monitoring, foamer injection, mobile data acquisition, and wireless data exchange with the wellhead. The key components of DRIA and injection valve are made of improved disintegrating alloy with the rating temperature of 100 °C, compressive strength of 370 MPa, and disintegrating rate of 170.9 mg/(cm2 h) characterized by lab test. Field trials were successfully performed in two liquid-loading tight gas wells, and the maximal deviated angle of the wells was 68 deg. It indicates that the new technology is a cost-effective way contributing to automatic production and management of mature gas wells in the remote area instead of traditional rigid plunger and wire-line logging.

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