Ethanol Induced Shape Recovery and Swelling in Poly(methyl methacrylate) and Applications in Fabrication of Microlens Array

2012 ◽  
Vol 77 ◽  
pp. 354-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Chang Chun Wang ◽  
Wei Min Huang ◽  
Hendra Purnawali
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Surface Patterning ◽  
The Other ◽  
Molecular Relaxation ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Effective Manner

The transportation phenomenon of ethanol in pre-deformed poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is systematically investigated. Two different phenomena simultaneously occur during this process. One is shape recovery, which is resulted from the ethanol induced softening and plasticization of PMMA. The other is swelling, which is produced by the ethanol induced molecular relaxation. Based on this study, a novel surface patterning method is proposed to fabricate PMMA microlens arrays in a simple and cost-effective manner.

Three Dimensional Surface Patterning Atop Poly(methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA)

2012 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 292-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Wei Min Huang ◽  
Hendra Purnawali
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Compound Eye ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Surface Patterning ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Surface Patterns ◽  
Pmma Sample

We demonstrate a novel approach to fabricate three dimensional (3-D) surface patterns atop poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA). This approach utilizes both shape recovery behavior and swelling phenomenon of the PMMA. The simplicity in the fabrication process affirms the low-cost nature of this approach. Moreover, as obtained 3-D patterned PMMA sample can be used as artificial compound eye.

Reactions of macroions with ester and carboxylic groups of polymers

1987 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 2194-2203
Author(s):  
Miloslav Kučera ◽  
Dušan Kimmer ◽  
Karla Majerová ◽  
Josef Majer
Keyword(s):  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In the reaction of dianions with poly(methyl methacrylate), only an insignificant amount of insoluble crosslinked product is obtained. If, however, the concentration of grafting dianions approaches that of ester groups, the amount of poly(methyl methacrylate) which may thus be crosslinked becomes quite significant. Dications, too, can bring about crosslinking of only an insignificant number of poly(methyl methacrylate) chains. Carboxylic groups in poly(acrylic acid) react with dianions and dications in an anhydrous medium similarly to ester groups. On the other hand, in the presence of a cocatalytic amount of water dications are more readily bound to carboxylic groups, forming a covalent bond. The relatively highest efficiency was observed in the bond formation between dication and the poly[styrene-alt-(maleic anhydride)], both in an anhydrous medium and in the presence of H2O.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Conductivity Studies of Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) (PMMA) by Co-Polymerization and Blending with Polyaniline (PANi)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1939
Author(s):  
Helyati Abu Hassan Shaari ◽  
Muhammad Mahyiddin Ramli ◽  
Mohd Nazim Mohtar ◽  
Norizah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Azizan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Conducting Materials ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Polymerization Condition ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a lightweight insulating polymer that possesses good mechanical stability. On the other hand, polyaniline (PANi) is one of the most favorable conducting materials to be used, as it is easily synthesized, cost-effective, and has good conductivity. However, most organic solvents have restricted potential applications due to poor mechanical properties and dispersibility. Compared to PANi, PMMA has more outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as good dimensional stability and better molecular interactions between the monomers. To date, many research studies have focused on incorporating PANi into PMMA. In this review, the properties and suitability of PANi as a conducting material are briefly reviewed. The major parts of this paper reviewed different approaches to incorporating PANi into PMMA, as well as evaluating the modifications to improve its conductivity. Finally, the polymerization condition to prepare PMMA/PANi copolymer to improve its conductivity is also discussed.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Multiscale-Structure Wafer-Level Microlens Array Mold

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuping Xie ◽  
Xinjun Wan ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Wafer Level ◽  
Polycrystalline Aluminum ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
Multiscale Structure

The design and manufacture of cost-effective miniaturized optics at wafer level, usingadvanced semiconductor-like techniques, enables the production of reduced form-factor cameramodules for optical devices. However, suppressing the Fresnel reflection of wafer-level microlensesis a major challenge. Moth-eye nanostructures not only satisfy the antireflection requirementof microlens arrays, but also overcome the problem of coating fracture. This novel fabricationprocess, based on a precision wafer-level microlens array mold, is designed to meet the demandfor small form factors, high resolution, and cost effectiveness. In this study, three different kinds ofaluminum material, namely 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, high-purity polycrystalline aluminum, and purenanocrystalline aluminum were used to fabricate microlens array molds with uniform nanostructures.Of these three materials, the pure nanocrystalline aluminum microlens array mold exhibited auniform nanostructure and met the optical requirements. This study lays a solid foundation for theindustrial acceptation of novel and functional multiscale-structure wafer-level microlens arrays andprovides a practical method for the low-cost manufacture of large, high-quality wafer-level molds.

Buckling of poly(methyl methacrylate) in stimulus-responsive shape recovery

2011 ◽  
Vol 99 (13) ◽  
pp. 131911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Chang Chun Wang ◽  
Wei Min Huang ◽  
Hendra Purnawali
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Shape Recovery ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Stimulus Responsive

Molecular relaxation and dynamic rheology of “cluster phase”-free ionomers based on lanthanum(iii)-neutralized low-carboxylated poly(methyl methacrylate)

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (70) ◽  
pp. 66336-66345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Zhang ◽  
Biwei Qiu ◽  
Yihu Song ◽  
Qiang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Dynamic Rheology ◽  
Molecular Relaxation ◽  
Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Cluster Phase

La(iii)-neutralized low-carboxylated poly(methyl methacrylate)-based ionomers free of cluster phase exhibit a fluid-to-solid transition assigned to an interconnected multiplets network.

From Strategy Definition to Product Derivation Using a Scenario-Based Architecting Approach

2011 ◽  
pp. 198-220
Author(s):  
M. Ionita ◽  
P. America ◽  
D. Hammer
Keyword(s):  
Mass Customization ◽  
System Architecture ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Other ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Professional Systems

Mass customization is a business strategy that aims at satisfying, in a timely and cost-effective manner, the various needs of different customers. For that purpose, a system architecture is needed that supports two different kinds of variability: Variability in space provides a range of different products where each addresses the specific needs of an individual customer; and variability in time allows the products to evolve and thus meet new requirements. In defining such an architecture, two issues should be considered. One is how to anticipate the most likely changes in the external business environment, and hence in the customers’ future needs. The other is whether the architecture can address these changes effectively. This chapter presents a set of scenario-based methods and techniques to support the development of system architectures that are more future-proof, and also are advantageous for mass customization. These methods and techniques have originally been developed for highly-customized professional systems, in particular medical imaging equipment.

Reducing optical losses in organic solar cells using microlens arrays: theoretical and experimental investigation of microlens dimensions

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 3723-3730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqing Chen ◽  
Moneim Elshobaki ◽  
Ryan Gebhardt ◽  
Stephen Bergeson ◽  
Max Noack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Microlens Array ◽  
Photovoltaic Device ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Losses ◽  
Microlens Arrays ◽  
Pitch Ratio

A microlens-array (MLA) diffracts/focuses light in the photovoltaic device on the other side of the substrate; photocurrent increases with the microlens height/pitch ratio.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document