Modelling and Simulation of a Natural Gas Liquid Fractionation System Using Aspen HYSYS

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
John Olusoji Owolabi ◽  
Olatokunbo Olatunbosun Kila ◽  
Abdulwahab Giwa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
The Status ◽  
Agricultural Applications ◽  
Liquid Fractionation

The global use of natural gas is growing quickly, and this is attributed primarily to its environmental advantage over fossil fuels such as crude oil and coal. This natural gas is usually flared in refineries because extra charges would be incurred in collecting and processing it. A country flares about 800 million standard cubic feet (Mmscf) of gas per day, from approximately 144 gas flare points across the nation, losing a huge amount of money per annum. A liquefied natural gas plant has converted about 5.58 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of associated gas to exports as liquefied natural gas and natural gas liquids (NGLs), thus helping to reduce gas flaring from upstream companies. Natural gas liquids (NGLs) are major contributors to this economic benefit through petrochemical feedstock for industrial purposes, fuel for residential, commercial and agricultural applications, in addition to using other products as propellant, refrigerant and gasoline blending. To contribute to the technology of natural gas liquid system, in this work, a fractionation system has been modelled and simulated using Aspen HYSYS to determine the status of processes involved and the compositions of the NGLs. The results obtained revealed that each of methane, ethane, propane, iso-butane and n-butane could be successfully separated with high purity from natural gas feed stream. Also, it was observed from the validation carried out on the developed model of the system, which was ascertained by its operations that were in line with the theoretical principles of separation involved in the plant, that it can be used for further analyses of the system.

Safety and Efficiency Enhancement in LNG Terminals

2017 ◽  
pp. 1584-1596
Author(s):  
Ravinder Singh ◽  
Helen Huiru Lou
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Process Simulation ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Aspen Hysys ◽  
Safety Enhancement

Liquefaction of natural gas helps in transporting it over long distances by sea vessels. It is then regasified and transported through pipelines to the consumer. Due to large energy density of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG), and associated flammability issues, the LNG terminal involves high risk. Consequently, safety is an important factor in the operation of LNG terminals. Although a substantial amount of time money and effort has been put in this area, there is always some possibility of improving the process so that less risk is involved. Rapid advancement in process simulation software like Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS, has led to the convenience of experimenting the various control methodologies on the computer offline from the actual plant operation, before they are implemented in real time. In this chapter, main hazards associated with LNG terminal operation will be highlighted. Further, recent advancements in research for safety enhancement and efficiency enhancement in the liquefaction and regasification processes will also be included.

scholarly journals POTENTIAL OF CROATIAN LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS (LNG) TERMINAL IN SUPPLYING REGIONAL NATURAL GAS MARKETS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
Ivan Smajla ◽  
Romana Crneković ◽  
Daria Karasalihović Sedlar ◽  
Filip Božić
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Gas Supply

This paper analyzes the possible role of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in the region in reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions by replacing a certain part of solid fossil fuels. Increasing natural gas consumption, declining North Sea natural gas reserves and increased natural gas production costs in Europe combined have created new opportunities for LNG in Europe. The Energy Strategy of Croatia is focused on intensifying the transit position for natural gas that could establish Croatia as a primary LNG market for countries from the region, which shows that the Energy Strategy supports LNG. Concerning LNG’s introduction into the regional gas market, this paper analyses the possibility of establishing a regional gas hub. The region in this paper includes the following countries: Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Hungary, Slovenia, and North Macedonia. On the other hand, the observed markets are not organized and sufficiently liquid, which is a crucial precondition for hub establishment. In order to decrease the region’s dependence on pipeline natural gas, it is necessary to construct gas interconnections between Croatia – Serbia, Croatia – Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia – North Macedonia. With the mentioned interconnections, the region could achieve greater security of natural gas supply. This paper discusses the possibility of utilizing the full capacity of a LNG terminal as a source of natural gas supply for the purpose of replacing solid fossil fuels in the region’s primary energy consumption. By replacing solid fossil fuels with natural gas, it is possible to achieve significant savings on CO2 emissions, which contributes towards a green and sustainable future.

A generational west coast gas shakeup looms

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Saul Kavonic
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
The Status ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Western Australian ◽  
Policy Targets

From record high prices, a decade ago, to record low prices more recently, Australia’s west coast gas market is heading towards a structural shakeup that will challenge the status quo for producers, buyers and policymakers. The Western Australian (WA) gas market has been soft recently but is poorly understood, and prices may materially tighten this decade in wake of uncertain new supply timing, liquefied natural gas (LNG) producer recalcitrance towards domestic market, lack of new discoveries (outside Perth Basin), upward pressure on US gas pricing and government policy flexibility towards the emergence of LNG ullage. We believe a bifurcated WA gas market could emerge, whereby policy targets cheap gas to underpin new manufacturing, while existing gas buyers are left to compete against much higher LNG netback parity pricing.

Using Structural Topic Modeling to Explore the Role of Framing in Shaping the Debate on Liquefied Natural Gas Terminals in Oregon

2021 ◽  
pp. 000276422110562
Author(s):  
Greg Stelmach ◽  
Hilary Boudet
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Letters To The Editor ◽  
Environmental Threats ◽  
Drastic Increase ◽  
Local Impacts

The drastic increase in domestic production of natural gas due to the fracking boom prompted efforts to develop a robust infrastructure in the U.S. to export natural gas. Given environmental concerns over increased fossil fuel development, significant opposition mobilized to “keep it [fossil fuels] in the ground” by acting to prevent not only natural gas production but also its transportation via pipelines and shipping via export terminals. Our analysis focuses on the latter component, specifically examining the long history of proposed liquefied natural gas infrastructure in two coastal communities in Oregon. Members of the public engaged in the formal siting processes and mobilized both opposition and support. We examine their use of collective action frames in both comments at public hearings and letters to the editor in local newspapers ( N = 4618) over the 16 years that these proposals were under consideration, quantifying the dynamic nature of framing using computational text analysis. We find that both groups vary their use of framing over time and by venue, reacting to exogenous events (e.g., September 11th, Fukushima) and tailor their messages to the context (e.g., an in-person hearing or a letter to the editor). Opponents concentrated on potential threats, initially emphasizing local impacts like tanker and pipeline safety but eventually focusing on climate concerns. Supporters, meanwhile, stressed the economic benefits of the projects but alternated their specific framing based on venue—focusing on employment when talking to regulatory agencies and community economic benefits in letters. While this juxtaposition of economic benefits and environmental threats was a key part of public discourse, opponents also expanded their framing to questions of local sovereignty and governance, allowing a broader coalition to develop and ultimately succeeding in defeating the proposals.

Options for Monetising Deep Water Gas in Trinidad and Tobago

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Alleyne ◽  
V.. Stoute
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Trinidad And Tobago ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Critical Path ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Financial Outcomes ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Gas To Liquids ◽  
Water Gas

Abstract Notwithstanding the global thrust to develop renewable sources of energy, fossil fuels, coal, crude oil and natural gas are expected to play a significant role in meeting the world's energy needs for decades to come. Natural gas with the highest hydrogen concentration among the fossil fuels is the preferred fossil fuel from an environmental impact standpoint. Trinidad and Tobago, like the rest of the world, is taking its petroleum exploration activities into deep water, its onshore and continental shelf provinces being fully explored. The development of petroleum reservoirs in deep water has many challenges. This paper explores the unique challenges posed by developing deep water gas fields with a focus on the options available for monetising the natural gas produced from these fields. The options for getting gas to market are well known and include pipelines, liquefied natural gas (LNG), compressed natural gas (CNG), gas to solid petrochemicals (GTS), gas to liquids (GTL) and gas to wire (GTW). Most of these options are operating in Trinidad and Tobago. The paper evaluates the financial outcomes from applying the pipeline, LNG and CNG options, either offshore or onshore, for gas extracted from deep water fields across a range of reserve levels and well productivities. It aims to establish criteria for deciding which means of monetisation is preferred. The reserve and productivity ranges reflect typical values encountered in the deep water provinces in Latin America, North America and Africa. These provinces account for 85% of all the deep water fields and 74 % the deep water reserves which have been discovered worldwide. Because the paper focuses on the monetisation of natural gas, its findings will be applicable to any successful deep water exploration in Trinidad and Tobago because all situations, even the discovery of oil, will require that the associated gas be handled. The handling of gas has the potential of being on the critical path in deciding on the development of deep water fields in Trinidad and Tobago.

The Status and Prospects of Energy in China to 2005

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 306-316
Author(s):  
Zhou Feng Qi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Oil Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
World Ranking

China's principal indigenous energy resources are: coal 800 billion tonne, hydroelectricity potential 680 GW, petroleum 60-80 billion tonne and large reserves of natural gas. Modernization of the country since 1949 has resulted in a 10% annual growth rate in the production of fossil fuels and hydroelectricity to make China third in a world ranking (912 Mtce in 1987). Forecasts for consumption in the next century are based on quadrupling industrial and agricultural production. Total demand is expected to be as high as 1450 Mtce. Coal will remain the chief source and by then nuclear is expected to contribute. Offshore oil development is receiving much attention and foreign partners are sought for its development.

scholarly journals Use of CNG as Autofuel in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 66-69
Author(s):  
Chikwendu Ubani ◽  
Ubong Ikpaisong
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
National Development ◽  
Liquefied Petroleum Gas ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Gaseous Hydrocarbon ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
The World ◽  
The Cost

Natural gas is a clean-burning, safe fuel that can save you money at the pump while benefitting the environment and reducing Nigeria’s dependence on petroleum. It is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbon, non-gaseous non-hydrocarbons and gaseous non-hydrocarbons found in underground reservoir rocks either on its own (non-associated gas) or in association with crude oil (associated gas). Natural gas is today accepted as one of the best sources of energy for the world and for the future because of its environmentally-friendly nature compared to other kinds of fossil fuels. Nigeria is ranked as the seventh most natural gas endowed nation in the world and relaxes on number one spot in Africa as she seats on about one hundred and eighty-eight trillion cubic feet of natural gas deposits.Current opportunities to utilize gas in Nigeria include: Gas to reinjection schemes, Gas to power schemes, Gas to petrochemicals (as feedstock), LNG-Liquefied Natural Gas, LPG- Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and CNG- Compressed Natural Gas. The use of CNG as auto fuel in Nigeria presents so much benefits as have been highlighted in this paper with emphasis on the economic advantage. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a product of compressing natural gas to one hundredth the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.A comprehensive economic analysis to determine the cost savings from driving a car on CNG against PMS considered the case of a motorist who covers an average of 100 km every day in the approximately thirty days that make a month was employed. Results established that running a car on CNG amounts to saving N1 143 daily and N34 284 monthly, the cost of converting the car from PMS - driven to CNG - driven is recovered before the end of the sixth month. From the sixth month to the end of the first year, savings of N211 402 is made. Savings of N411 408 is enjoyed each year after the first year.Running vehicles on CNG will greatly reduce the friction and troubles encountered in importing fuel into the country. This will also cut down largely the hardly available foreign exchange expended in bringing in PMS for fuelling vehicles. To this end, the Nigerian Government should as a matter of national development ensure legal and regulatory framework encompassing both technical and commercial aspects for natural gas utilization in Nigeria. Worthy of note is the aspect of gas gathering, gas transmission and distribution which will further encourage the planting of CNG refuelling stations that will serve the expected large fleet of natural gas vehicles. Currently, Green Gas Limited, a joint venture between Nigeria Gas Company (NGC) a Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and NIPCO Plc. that has nine operational CNG refuelling stations and others under construction is the only company driving the CNG revolution in the country.

Fire-Fighting Design of Gasification Station for Liquefied Natural Gas

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 2505-2508
Author(s):  
Wei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Site Selection ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Fire Fighting ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Safety Devices ◽  
Design Specifications ◽  
The Status

This article refers to the status quo of liquified natural gas (LNG) in China, the anylisis of LNG’s risks, and the discussion of fire-fighting design specifications related to LNG gasification stations at home and abroad. In this text, safety measures are also proposed being aimed at the fire-fighting design of gasification station in the aspects of site selection, overall layout, building structure, safety devices, electric instruments, fire-extinguishers and fire-fighting strategy etc.

scholarly journals New Ways for the Advanced Quality Control of Liquefied Natural Gas

Energies ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Borja Ferreiro ◽  
Jose Andrade ◽  
Carlota Paz-Quintáns ◽  
Purificación López-Mahía ◽  
Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Liquefied Natural Gas ◽  
Gaseous Emissions ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
On Line ◽  
Liquid Natural Gas ◽  
Detection And Quantification

Currently, gas chromatography is the most common analytical technique for natural gas (NG) analysis as it offers very precise results, with very low limits of detection and quantification. However, it has several drawbacks, such as low turnaround times and high cost per analysis, as well as difficulties for on-line implementation. With NG applications rising, mostly thanks to its reduced gaseous emissions in comparison with other fossil fuels, the necessity for more versatile, fast, and economic analytical methods has augmented. This work summarizes the latest advances to determine the composition and physico-chemical properties of regasified liquid natural gas, focusing on infrared spectroscopy-based techniques, as well as on data processing (chemometric techniques), necessary to obtain adequate predictions of NG properties.

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