Removal of Hg (II) Ions from Industrial Wastewaters Using Aluminum Sulfate

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 200-211
Author(s):  
Masmoudi Toufik
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Industrial Wastewaters ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Wastewater Samples

The main purpose of this study was first to investigate the removal of Hg(II) ions from industrial wastewaters by coagulation-flocculation with aluminum sulfate, secondly to understand the contribution of some parameters including the coagulant dose, pH, and the addition of adjuvant (activated carbons and lime). Jar-test experiments were carried out on wastewater samples containing mercury from the industrial area of Biskra (BIWW: Biskra industrial wastewater, C0= 1.01 mg/L) and Tizi Ouzou (TOIWW: Tizi Ouzou industrial wastewater, C0= 1.81 mg/L).The maximum elimination of mercury at ambient temperature was 49% and 58% that were obtained with concentrations of 180 mg/L and 200 mg/L of aluminum sulfate at a pH close to 7 for both Tizi Ouzou and Biskra samples, respectively. The obtained results showed that the removal efficiency of mercury ions is improved by the addition of adjuvant (activated carbon and lime). The removal efficiency of Hg (II) ions increased with increasing lime and activated carbon masses, experiments results indicated that the yield increased with the increase in the dose of the adjuvant to reach a maximum of 82.89% (TOIWW) and 83.38% (BIWW).The experiments were conducted to test the ability of coupling coagulation-flocculation to adsorption. It was verified that coupling was more efficient in the removal of Hg(II) ions from industrial wastewater than coagulation-flocculation alone. Almost complete removal (99.42) of Hg was obtained by coupling coagulation-flocculation and adsorption on powdered activated carbon.Accordingly, it is believed that coupling coagulation-flocculation and adsorption are practical for utilization in industrial wastewater treatment for mercury removal.

Pharmaceutical removal by the activated carbon process

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Piel ◽  
S. Blondeau ◽  
J. Pérot ◽  
E. Baurès ◽  
O. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Pharmaceutical Removal ◽  
Target Molecules ◽  
Maximum Removal

The adsorption of some major pharmaceutical products (sulfamethoxazole, caffeine, iopromide and carbamazepine) in water was evaluated using four types of activated carbon, three powdered activated carbon (PAC) and one fluidized, coagulated and flocculated activated carbon (FAC) extracted from a Carboplus®P pilot. These substances were the most frequently quantified (in 50% of samples at least) in surface waters of the Vilaine's basin (Brittany, France) during three sampling campaigns. Jar test experiments were carried out in order to assess the removal efficiency of the four activated carbons. Carbamazepine and caffeine were well removed with PAC with a maximum removal rate of 80% whereas it was more difficult for sulfamethoxazole and iopromide with a maximum of 39%. For each molecule, removal rates are clearly dependent on PAC nature. The overall results with FAC are clearly distinguishable from PAC tests with gains of performance on all target molecules (from 80 to >95%).

scholarly journals Removal of Zinc by Bitter Orange Peels Activated Carbon and Commercially Activated Carbon, a Comparison Study.

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-131
Author(s):  
Laith Hamdan Hawal
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Bitter Orange ◽  
Orange Peels ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Adsorbent Materials

 In this study, a comparison between using activated carbon prepared from bitter orange peels (BOAC) and a common commercially activated carbon (CAC), which is brought from the market, as adsorbent materials. This study was designed to find out which of these two activated carbons is more effective in the removal of zinc from waste water. This work examines the use of bitter orange peels, which are available as waste in local markets and in household garbage as an alternative presage to prepare an activated carbon by using (H2SO4) as activating reagent. The effects of pH, initial zinc concentrations, treatment time, adsorbent media bed height and the flow rate of simulated synthetic aqueous solution (SSAS) on the removal efficiency of zinc were all studied under 24oC The results indicated that the removal efficiency of zinc increases with decreasing in pH of SSAS. When the initial concentration of zinc increases in SSAS, the removal efficiency of zinc was decreased. The study proved that the increasing of contact time leads to greater removal efficiency. When the height of adsorbent media in fixed column increases, the removal efficiency was increased. The experiments also showed that the removal efficiency of zinc from the SSAS increased, when the flow rate decreased. It could be concluded from this work that (BOAC) is better than (CAC) as an adsorbent materials in the removal of zinc; with a removal efficiency of (90%, 86%), respectively

scholarly journals HOGLA LEAF AS A POTENTIAL BIO-ADSORBENT FOR THE TREATMENT OF REACTIVE DYES IN TEXTILE EFFLUENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Abdul Khalque ◽  
Shaikh Ahammed ◽  
Saquib Khan ◽  
Rabiul Awual ◽  
K.Ayaz Rabbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Reactive Dyes ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Reactive Dye ◽  
Textile Effluents ◽  
Typha Angustata ◽  
Colored Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Samples

A new bio-adsorbent to remove reactive dyes from textile effluent was investigated in the present study. The adsorbent was the leaves of locally available hogla plant (Typha angustata). Initially, sunfix yellow, a reactive dye widely used in textile effluents, was used to check the removal efficiency in terms of contact time, pH of dye solution and adsorbent dosage. Complete removal (100%) of dye was achieved at adsorbent/dye ratio of 2300:1 at pH 10 with 180 minutes contact time. The adsorbent was then applied to deep colored, raw textile wastewater samples and it was found that 2.3 g of adsorbent was able to convert 100 mL of deep colored wastewater to transparent water at pH 10. Additionally, treatment by the adsorbent resulted in significant decreases in pH, BOD, COD, TS, TDS and TSS of wastewater, while improving the DO level.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Heavy Metals from Industrial Wastewater using Nanoparticles from Agro Wastes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lekan Taofeek Popoola ◽  
Alhaji Shehu Grema
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Heavy Metals Removal ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Metals Removal

Effluents from essential industries have been characterized with heavy metals which are non-biodegradable in nature and also detrimental to health when accumulated in body tissues over long exposure. Adsorption was proved as the best efficient process amongst others to remove these heavy metals from industrial wastewater due to its excellent features. Activated carbons from nanoparticles of agricultural wastes such as pods, shells, husks, peels, shafts and many prepared via calcination process at high temperature can be used as active adsorbent for the industrial wastewater treatment involving heavy metals removal. This chapter discusses heavy metals in industrial wastewater effluents and potential agro wastes from which nanoparticles of activated carbon for industrial wastewater purification could be generated. The transformation of agro wastes nanoparticles into activated carbons via calcination and their applications for heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater via adsorption were examined. Various characterization techniques to study the effects of calcination on structural, morphological and textural properties of activated carbon prepared from agro waste nanoparticles were also discussed. Various isotherm, kinetics, mechanistic and thermodynamics models to investigate the adsorptive nature of the process were presented. Error functions and algorithms for both the linear and non-linear isotherm models regression to affirm their fitness for prediction were presented. Lastly, proposed adsorption mechanisms of heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater using activated carbons from nanoparticles of agro wastes were presented.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals’ Concentration in Textile and Garments Industries’ Wastewater of Bhaluka Industrial Area, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biddut Sarker ◽  
Md. Abdul Baten ◽  
Md. Eqram-Ul Haque ◽  
Alok Das ◽  
Ahmed Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Safe Limits ◽  
Textile Industries ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Recommended Level

An investigation was made to ascertain heavy metals concentration in effluent samples collected from textile industries located at Bhaluka industrial area, Mymensingh, Bangladesh during August to November, 2013. Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to evaluate the concentration of Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr) and Lead (Pb) in the samples. The study revealed that heavy metals were present in variable amounts, where the concentrations of Cu (0.0405 ppm) and Pb (0.0003 ppm) were found lower than recommended level for industrial waste water. Among the present trace metals, the highest concentration (0.2-1.0 ppm) was found in Zn. Although the concentration is suitable for irrigation, it is unsafe for aquaculture. Besides, all of the wastewater samples possessed no Cr, Cd and Ni, which comprised less of the minimum acceptance level, indicating no possibility of contamination. However, comparing findings of this study with the safe limits for industrial wastewater, it can be concluded that the waste water of the study area except some sampling sites can be used for irrigation and aquaculture.

Application of locally available materials for the treatment of organic polluted water

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 339-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Salim ◽  
F. Othman ◽  
Md. Imtiaj Ali ◽  
J. Patterson ◽  
T. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Agricultural Product

Several types of water treatment technologies including adsorption are now being used to treat polluted water. In this paper the removal of phenol by adsorption will be discussed. Activated carbons are successfully applied for purification of potable water and the removal of organic pollutants in wastwater. This paper is concerned with a low cost approach to treating waste water that is significant especially for those countries where oil palm is an available agricultural product like Malaysia, Ivory Coast, Nigeria, Thailand, Papua New Guinea. In the coastal region coconut is an available agricultural product and activated carbon prepared using coconut shell is also an economical method of water treatment. The materials used in this study were Commercial Activated Carbon (CAC), prepared from coconut shell and Modified Oil Palm Shell (MOPAS) of 1 to 2 mm diameters. The surface area of CAC and MOPAS was 38.5 m2/g and 38.2 m2/g respectively and the iodine number was determined as 674 and 454 for CAC and MOPAS, respectively. From the study the result shows above 70% removal efficiency for 5 mg/L and 40% removal efficiency for 20 mg/L of phenol solution. The performance efficiency will be discussed based on batch test, following Freundlich adsorption isotherm.The results indicate that CAC exhibits a higher adsorptive capacity (Kf of 0.079) as compared to MOPAS (Kf of 0.048). Hence a better removal efficiency for CAC at lower concentration of phenol. Results from column tests show a better adsorptive capacity for CAC (2.73) as compared to MOPAS (2.48).

Removal of Gas-Phase Elemental Mercury by Bromine-Impregnated Activated Carbon

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 1660-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Wu ◽  
Jie He Chen ◽  
Shuai Bo Zhang ◽  
Ping He ◽  
Ji Hui Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
Bromine Concentration ◽  
Fixed Bed System

Br-impregnated activated carbon for gas-phase elemental mercury adsorption experiments were carried out at a fixed-bed system to get the suitable mass fraction of KBr impregnation solution. Hg removal efficiency of 1% wt KBr-ACs was 69.0%, while that of 10% wt KBr-ACs was 57.9%. Both of them were higher than that of the raw activated carbon, 42.2%. The removal efficiency of Hg0 was not proportional to bromine concentration. Under 80-180°C, Hg removal efficiency of 1% wt KBr-ACs were 68.3%-71.8%, and at 140°C it reached the highest due to the increasing chemical adsorption ability of the functional groups which was on the surfaces of activated carbons by impregnating. At 160°C, Hg removal efficiency was lower than that at 140°C due to desorption making physical adsorption decrease, so that the total adsorption decreased.

scholarly journals Impact of Industrial Wastewater Irrigation on Heavy Metal Deposition in Farm Soils of Bhaluka Area, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faisal Islam ◽  
H. M. Zakir ◽  
A. Rahman ◽  
Shaila Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
Farm Soils

The study was conducted to determine heavy metal contents in industrial wastewater and contaminated soils of Bhaluka, Mymensingh and to assess their pollution level. A total of 9 industrial wastewater and 12 contaminated farm soil samples were collected directly from the farmers’ fields of Bhaluka area and analysed for this study. Considering EC, salinity and TDS, 56 to 89% wastewater samples were found problematic for long term irrigation. The concentration of CO3, HCO3 and Cl in wastewater ranged from 0.20-1.60, 2.0-11.2 and 1.30-4.79 me L-1, respectively and the content of Ca, Mg, Na and K in wastewater ranged from 16.03-52.10, 4.86-21.87, 101.98-678.90 and 5.59-48.63 mg L-1, respectively. The study results revealed that all wastewater samples were found unsuitable for irrigation in respect of CO3, HCO3 and K. Among the heavy metals studied, Pb, Cd and Fe concentrations in all wastewater samples and Mn content in 5 samples were found above than the acceptable limit for irrigation. The concentration of Zn, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni, Cd, Mn and Fe in wastewater irrigated soils of Bhaluka industrial area ranged from 50.48 to 448.56, 47.22 to 83.65, 19.13 to 328.23, 42.37 to 77.96, 22.93 to 43.86, 0.70 to 1.40, 161.5 to 341.7 and 38105 to 65399 μg g-1, respectively. Considering geoaccumulation index, the Igeo values for Pb and Cd for all locations of the study area exhibited positive values (0.495< Igeo <1.624), that means Igeo class: 1-2, indicate moderately polluted soil quality. On the other hand, as regards to enrichment factor (EFc), 9 locations for Pb, 5 for Cd, 1 for Zn and 1 for Cu had EFc values > 5.0, indicate contaminated soil quality. The study concluded that industrial wastewater used for irrigation was directly linked with the heavy metals deposition in the farm soils.

scholarly journals Integration of Improved Methods for the Treatment of Wastewater from a Soft Drink Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 12946-12957
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Aluminum Sulfate ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Combined Processes ◽  
Carbon Mass ◽  
Improved Methods ◽  
High Polarity

Beverage companies produce a large amount of wastewater in the cleaning step of returnable glass bottles. This study aimed to investigate combined processes (coagulation/flocculation, adsorption, and membrane separation) to treat the effluent from the washing machine of returnable soft drink bottles. Tests were conducted with aluminum sulfate, ferric chloride, and tannins (TANFLOC®) powder as coagulants/flocculants in different concentrations. After choosing the best coagulant, new tests were repeated by adding activated carbon. Based on the coagulant's best condition and activated carbon mass, the treated samples were subjected to a separation step with the ultrafiltration membrane (UF). The best treatment condition was the combined methods (TANFLOC + activated carbon + UF membrane), which showed a removal efficiency of 63.64, 54.92, and 64.98% for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Organic Carbon (TOC), and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), respectively. The BOD values are due to the presence of sugars in the effluent since its characteristics, such as high polarity and size less than 1 kDa, are unfavorable for the coagulation and UF processes, respectively. However, BOD removal efficiency was approximately 5% higher than the minimum required by legislation, which requires at least a 60% decrease in the raw effluent.

scholarly journals Industrial Wastewater Treatment in North Gas Company By Using Coagulation – Flocculation Process

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-269
Author(s):  
Sanarya K. Kamal ◽  
Awad E. Mohammed ◽  
Waleed M. Alabdraba ◽  
Hussein H. Hamed ◽  
Kamaran A. Waly
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Industrial Oil ◽  
Jar Test ◽  
Coagulation Process

Recently, water pollution considered a major problem that faced the human. Large quantities of water consume in various industrial oil refinery processes, where the wastewater discharged from these processes contains high organic, phosphate, ammonia, nitrite compounds, and toxic substances. Regarding that, making this resource a fresh is a major concern.  Furthermore, a great attention has been given for the removal of these contaminants discharged by Fenton process combined with coagulation process. Combined Fenton/Coagulation process was used and applied in this study as a novel wastewater treatment to remove Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Phosphate (PO4), Ammonia (NH3), Nitrite (NO3) compounds, and turbidity (NTU) from industrial wastewater in North Gas Company (NGC), Iraq. The industrial wastewater used in this study was characterized with 114 mg/L COD ,10.28 mg/L PO4, 4.123 mg/L NH3, 95.6 mg/L NO3, 98 NTU Turbidity. The main goal from this work was to evaluate the performance removal efficiency of combined Fenton/Coagulation process and examine the effect of various operational parameters such as Fenton’s dosages (H2O2, Fe2+), the concentration of coagulant (Alum) on the removal efficiency. The results obtained in this work revealed that maximum removal efficiency of COD, PO4, NH3, NO3, turbidity was 89.43%, 72.94 %, 91.065%, 90.96%, 89.85%, respectively was achieved using Fenton combined with coagulation process at 60 mg/L of Alum and 2.5 Fenton’s mole ratio. Overall it can be established that Combined Fenton/Coagulation process plays an important role in obtaining good results and had better removal efficiency. All the experiments were carried out using jar test apparatus at constant temperature (room temperature).

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