Scratchability of Soda-Lime Silica (SLS) Glasses: Dynamic Fracture Analysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Le Houérou ◽  
J.-C. Sanglebœuf ◽  
Tanguy Rouxel
Keyword(s):  
Normal Load ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Fracture Analysis ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fused Silica Glass

Grinding and polishing are widely used for glass machining with fine finished surfaces. These processes result from abrasion due to repeated contacts between hard sliding particles and the glass surface. The study of contact mechanics problem is of fundamental interest to understand the process of material removal in glasses. In order to get insight into this problem, an experimental set up was designed which allows a monotonic loading of the indenter combined with a controlled sliding of the specimen to simulate a slow abrasive machining process. In addition, the experiments are conducted with an in-situ video monitoring that allows for the observation of the different fracture phenomena beneath the indenter. Fracture surfaces were also studied using SEM and AFM for multi-scale investigation. Fracture analysis was carried on a standard float glass, four different SLS glasses and a fused silica glass. The observed phenomena were discussed in the light of the influence of the normal load and the chemical composition.

Crystalline and Electrical Properties of ITO Semiconductive Films deposited by Atmospheric RF Plasma Technique

1996 ◽  
Vol 452 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Moss ◽  
S. Misture ◽  
D. H. Lee ◽  
R. A. Condrate ◽  
X. W. Wang
Keyword(s):  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Soda Lime ◽  
Float Glass ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Rf Plasma ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
Plasma Technique ◽  
Precursor Material ◽  
Fused Silica Glass

AbstractIndium tin oxide (ITO) semiconductive films were deposited by an atmospheric RF plasma technique. Indium-to-tin (In:Sn) ratios varied from 10:0 to 0:10. A small amount of antimony was doped into some ITO samples for comparative studies. Substrate materials were soda-lime-silicate (SLS) float glass and fused silica glass. Structural, electrical, and optical properties were dependent on the In:Sn ratio, precursor material feeding rate, oxygen feeding rate, and other deposition conditions.

scholarly journals Integrated Source of Path-Entangled Photon Pairs with Efficient Pump Self-Rejection

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1952
Author(s):  
Pablo de la Hoz ◽  
Anton Sakovich ◽  
Alexander Mikhalychev ◽  
Matthew Thornton ◽  
Natalia Korolkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Collective Mode ◽  
Narrow Band ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Photon Pairs ◽  
Entangled Photon Pairs ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Fused Silica Glass ◽  
Kerr Nonlinear Media ◽  
Theoretical Proposal

We present a theoretical proposal for an integrated four-wave mixing source of narrow-band path-entangled photon pairs with efficient spatial pump self-rejection. The scheme is based on correlated loss in a system of waveguides in Kerr nonlinear media. We calculate that this setup gives the possibility for upwards of 100 dB pump rejection, without additional filtering. The effect is reached by driving the symmetric collective mode that is strongly attenuated by an engineered dissipation, while photon pairs are born in the antisymmetric mode. A similar set-up can additionally be realized for the generation of two-photon NOON states, also with pump self-rejection. We discuss the implementation of the scheme by means of the coherent diffusive photonics, and demostrate its feasibility in both glass (such as fused silica-glass and IG2) and planar semiconductor waveguide structures in indium phosphide (InP) and in silicon.

Generating and storing power on the moon using in situ resources

2021 ◽  
pp. 095441002110294
Author(s):  
Alex Ellery
Keyword(s):  
Silica Glass ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Fresnel Lens ◽  
Fused Silica ◽  
Resource Utilisation ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Thermionic Conversion ◽  
Fused Silica Glass

The Moon Village and similar concepts are strongly reliant on in situ resource utilisation (ISRU). There is great interest in harvesting solar power using locally leveraged in situ resources as an essential facet of in situ infrastructure. Traditionally, silicon-based photovoltaic cells have been assumed, preferably manufactured in situ using a 3D printing rover, but there are major difficulties with such scenarios. Solar cells require pre-processing of regolith and solar cell manufacture. We present an alternative lunar resource leveraged-solar power production system on the Moon which can yield high conversion efficiencies – solar Fresnel lens-thermionic conversion. The thermionic vacuum tube is constructed from lunar-derived materials and NiFe asteroidal ores on the Moon. Given that the majority of energy required for ISRU is thermal, thermionic conversion exploits this energy source directly. Silicates such as anorthite can be treated with acid to yield alumina and silicic acid in solution from which pure silica can be precipitated. Pure silica when heated to high temperature yields fused silica glass which is transparent – fused silica glass may be employed to manufacture Fresnel lenses and/or mirrors. Both silica and alumina may be input to the Metalysis Fray Farthing Chen Cambridge electrolytic process to yield near pure Si and near pure Al, respectively.

In situ instrumentation for localized wear studies of magnetic thin-film disks

1997 ◽  
Vol 211 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Bhushan ◽  
S M Forehand
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Experimental Methodology ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Asperity Contact ◽  
Magnetic Thin Film ◽  
Moving Interface ◽  
The Coefficient Of Friction ◽  
Set Up

An experimental set-up and a procedure to make in situ localized measurements of various wear processes on magnetic thin-film disks are developed. The coefficient of friction, acoustic emission and optical reflectance are monitored simultaneously. Results are analysed to determine ‘precursors to failure’ and to compare the effects of lubricant, surface roughness, overcoat and normal load on disk wear. Disk wear is observed to follow a pattern of lubricant depletion followed by head slider-overcoat asperity contact. Wear tracks are formed after asperity contact. Lubricant extends disk wear life, as does a polished surface texture, and an SiO2 overcoat wears more slowly than a diamond-like carbon overcoat. The experimental methodology developed in this study should be of interest in studying precursors to failure of any moving interface.

scholarly journals Comparison of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Consortia from Surface and Deep Waters of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea: Characterization and Degradation Potential

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2246
Author(s):  
Georgia Charalampous ◽  
Efsevia Fragkou ◽  
Konstantinos A. Kormas ◽  
Alexandre B. De Menezes ◽  
Paraskevi N. Polymenakou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Deep Waters ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Set Up

The diversity and degradation capacity of hydrocarbon-degrading consortia from surface and deep waters of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea were studied in time-series experiments. Microcosms were set up in ONR7a medium at in situ temperatures of 25 °C and 14 °C for the Surface and Deep consortia, respectively, and crude oil as the sole source of carbon. The Deep consortium was additionally investigated at 25 °C to allow the direct comparison of the degradation rates to the Surface consortium. In total, ~50% of the alkanes and ~15% of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were degraded in all treatments by Day 24. Approximately ~95% of the total biodegradation by the Deep consortium took place within 6 days regardless of temperature, whereas comparable levels of degradation were reached on Day 12 by the Surface consortium. Both consortia were dominated by well-known hydrocarbon-degrading taxa. Temperature played a significant role in shaping the Deep consortia communities with Pseudomonas and Pseudoalteromonas dominating at 25 °C and Alcanivorax at 14 °C. Overall, the Deep consortium showed a higher efficiency for hydrocarbon degradation within the first week following contamination, which is critical in the case of oil spills, and thus merits further investigation for its exploitation in bioremediation technologies tailored to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea.

scholarly journals Group and Shuffle Convolutional Neural Networks with Pyramid Pooling Module for Automated Pterygium Segmentation

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1104
Author(s):  
Siti Raihanah Abdani ◽  
Mohd Asyraf Zulkifley ◽  
Nuraisyah Hani Zulkifley
Keyword(s):  
Screening Tool ◽  
Jaccard Index ◽  
Dense Network ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Spatial Pyramid Pooling ◽  
Severity Levels ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Channel Variation ◽  
Mobile Phone Camera ◽  
Sunlight Radiation

Pterygium is an eye condition that is prevalent among workers that are frequently exposed to sunlight radiation. However, most of them are not aware of this condition, which motivates many volunteers to set up health awareness booths to give them free health screening. As a result, a screening tool that can be operated on various platforms is needed to support the automated pterygium assessment. One of the crucial functions of this assessment is to extract the infected regions, which directly correlates with the severity levels. Hence, Group-PPM-Net is proposed by integrating a spatial pyramid pooling module (PPM) and group convolution to the deep learning segmentation network. The system uses a standard mobile phone camera input, which is then fed to a modified encoder-decoder convolutional neural network, inspired by a Fully Convolutional Dense Network that consists of a total of 11 dense blocks. A PPM is integrated into the network because of its multi-scale capability, which is useful for multi-scale tissue extraction. The shape of the tissues remains relatively constant, but the size will differ according to the severity levels. Moreover, group and shuffle convolution modules are also integrated at the decoder side of Group-PPM-Net by placing them at the starting layer of each dense block. The addition of these modules allows better correlation among the filters in each group, while the shuffle process increases channel variation that the filters can learn from. The results show that the proposed method obtains mean accuracy, mean intersection over union, Hausdorff distance, and Jaccard index performances of 0.9330, 0.8640, 11.5474, and 0.7966, respectively.

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