Influence of the Laminate Configurations of Transparent Armor on its Ballistic Protection

2014 ◽  
Vol 608 ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priawthida Jantharat ◽  
Ryan C. McCuiston ◽  
Chaiwut Gamonpilas ◽  
Sujarinee Kochawattana
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
User Requirement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Minimum Requirement ◽  
National Institute Of Justice ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
High Level

The ballistic performance of transparent armors has been continuously developed for an application on security purposes. Generally, ballistic performance of the laminated glass increases with its thickness and weight while the user requirement prefers high level of ballistic protection with thin and light weight body. In this study, fabrication of light weight glass-PVB transparent armors with the level-3 protection according to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) standard was attempted. The ballistic performances of various configurations of glass-PVB laminates were determined against 7.62 mm ammunitions. Results from fragmentation analysis indicated the influence of glass-sheet-arrangement in the armor structures on the ballistic damages. The minimum requirement on the thickness of front-face layer was also discussed. To verify the experimental results, finite element analysis was performed on all laminated systems. It was found that the results from computational analysis were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results.

Ceramic Materials for Ballistic Protection

2009 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Klement ◽  
Jan Krestan ◽  
Stanislav Rolc
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Small Arms ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Level 2

The ballistic performance of ceramic materials was investigated. Various types of ceramic-metals and ceramic-laminate composites were prepared. Their ballistic resistances against AP small arms ammunition of protection level 2 and 3 according to NATO Standardization Agreement STANAG 4569 were investigated. For the ballistic performance assessment V50 test method was used. From economical, technological, and ballistic point of view as optimal solution sandwich structure consisting of alumina front-face layer and aramid or duralumin backing layer was found.

Service-Oriented Architecture Based Dockside Container Crane CAD/CAE Integration System

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Chonghua Wang ◽  
Yiming Rong
Keyword(s):  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
User Requirement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Container Cranes ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Container Crane ◽  
Function Modules ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
High Level

Dockside container cranes are well-known for their complex structure and thus many factors to be considered in their development. A service-oriented architecture based CAD/CAE system for dockside container crane is proposed in this paper. First, customers provide specifications of the cranes to designers through Browser/Server (B/S) based user requirement input interfaces. Second, designers parametrically model the cranes through 3D CAD platform, and CAE analysts conduct explicit dynamic Finite Element Analysis (FEA) on the designed crane structure. CAD and CAE function modules are accomplished through Client/Server (C/S) architecture. Next, based on the high-level web service and lower-level socket communication, a Design-Analysis-Integration (DAI) module is developed to maintain a model consistence between CAD module and CAE module. Then, the design results are displayed to the customers through B/S mechanism. Last, the SQL-Server based crane product database used to support the whole design and analysis processes is discussed. Since all the operations are conducted through internet/intranet and service-oriented architecture, customers, designers and analysts are able to participate in the product development processes at different geographical locations.

Tire Cornering Simulation Using an Explicit Finite Element Analysis Code

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koishi ◽  
K. Kabe ◽  
M. Shiratori
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Test System ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Explicit Finite Element ◽  
Explicit Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Element Method

Abstract The finite element method has been used widely in tire engineering. Most tire simulations using the finite element method are static analyses, because tires are very complex nonlinear structures. Recently, transient phenomena have been studied with explicit finite element analysis codes. In this paper, the authors demonstrate the feasibility of tire cornering simulation using an explicit finite element code, PAM-SHOCK. First, we propose the cornering simulation using the explicit finite element analysis code. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed simulation, computed cornering forces for a 175SR14 tire are compared with experimental results from an MTS Flat-Trac Tire Test System. The computed cornering forces agree well with experimental results. After that, parametric studies are conducted by using the proposed simulation.

scholarly journals Shape Sensing of a Complex Aeronautical Structure with Inverse Finite Element Method

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1388
Author(s):  
Daniele Oboe ◽  
Luca Colombo ◽  
Claudio Sbarufatti ◽  
Marco Giglio
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Inverse Finite Element Method ◽  
Shape Sensing ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
Element Method

The inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) is receiving more attention for shape sensing due to its independence from the material properties and the external load. However, a proper definition of the model geometry with its boundary conditions is required, together with the acquisition of the structure’s strain field with optimized sensor networks. The iFEM model definition is not trivial in the case of complex structures, in particular, if sensors are not applied on the whole structure allowing just a partial definition of the input strain field. To overcome this issue, this research proposes a simplified iFEM model in which the geometrical complexity is reduced and boundary conditions are tuned with the superimposition of the effects to behave as the real structure. The procedure is assessed for a complex aeronautical structure, where the reference displacement field is first computed in a numerical framework with input strains coming from a direct finite element analysis, confirming the effectiveness of the iFEM based on a simplified geometry. Finally, the model is fed with experimentally acquired strain measurements and the performance of the method is assessed in presence of a high level of uncertainty.

Ballistic performance of composite structure configurations with high elongation calendered rubber layer laminated to AA5083-H112 aluminum alloy

2021 ◽  
pp. 146442072110145
Author(s):  
Hasan Kasım
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Strength ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Laminated Composite Plates ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Rubber Layer ◽  
Interface Interaction ◽  
Metal Rubber ◽  
High Elongation

This study aims to determine the ballistic performances of laminated composite plates produced with AA5083-H112 series aluminum and rubber material with high elongation capacity under impact loading. To investigate the effect of rubber compounds, two types of rubber with calendered and damping were prepared. Thanks to the surface treatment applied to the aluminum plates, the rubber–metal adhesion strength was adjusted, and four different laminated composite plate samples were prepared. Calendered rubber was used on the bullet impact surface of all samples, and damping rubber was used on the back. It has been observed that the pressure barrier created by the calendered rubber bullet on the front face provides high performance to absorb energy. A detailed study was carried out on the total thickness of laminated composite plates, the interface adhesion strength between rubber and aluminum layers, and the ballistic performance of aluminum-rubber combinations. It was concluded that the laminated composite plate’s energy absorption would increase, especially by increasing the thickness of the dumping rubber layer on the back of the aluminum sheets. In the strong metal-rubber interface interaction between the rubber and aluminum layer, the bullet is stopped before the pressure barrier is formed. The penetration depth and bulging height increase, and most of the energy are transmitted through the aluminum plate. In the weak metal-rubber interface interaction, a significant portion of the energy is absorbed by the rubber and air thanks to the pressure barrier.

scholarly journals Multi-Sensor Fusion for Aerial Robots in Industrial GNSS-Denied Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3921
Author(s):  
Paloma Carrasco ◽  
Francisco Cuesta ◽  
Rafael Caballero ◽  
Francisco J. Perez-Grau ◽  
Antidio Viguria
Keyword(s):  
Sensor Fusion ◽  
Computational Efficiency ◽  
Probabilistic Approach ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Aerial Robots ◽  
3D Localization ◽  
High Level

The use of unmanned aerial robots has increased exponentially in recent years, and the relevance of industrial applications in environments with degraded satellite signals is rising. This article presents a solution for the 3D localization of aerial robots in such environments. In order to truly use these versatile platforms for added-value cases in these scenarios, a high level of reliability is required. Hence, the proposed solution is based on a probabilistic approach that makes use of a 3D laser scanner, radio sensors, a previously built map of the environment and input odometry, to obtain pose estimations that are computed onboard the aerial platform. Experimental results show the feasibility of the approach in terms of accuracy, robustness and computational efficiency.

Magnetorheological Damping of Fragment Barrier Suspension Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwon Joong Son ◽  
Eric P. Fahrenthold
Keyword(s):  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Suspension Systems ◽  
Mr Fluids ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Fluid Damping ◽  
Magnetorheological Damping ◽  
Impact Experiments ◽  
Very High

Magnetorheological (MR) fluids, well established as components of a variety of suspension systems, may offer opportunities to improve the performance of fabric ballistic protection systems, which typically do not incorporate significant energy dissipation mechanisms. A series of ballistic impact experiments has been conducted to investigate the potential of MR fluid damped fabric suspension systems to improve upon current fabric barrier designs. The results indicate that for the simple fabric suspension systems tested, MR fluid damping does not improve upon the very high weight specific ballistic performance of state of the art aramid fibers.

scholarly journals Analytical investigation of high-velocity impact on hybrid unidirectional/woven composite panels

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Shanazari ◽  
GH Liaghat ◽  
H Hadavinia ◽  
A Aboutorabi
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Body Armor ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Ballistic Protection ◽  
Maximum Tensile Strain

In addition to fiber properties, the fabric structure plays an important role in determining ballistic performance of composite body armor textile. Textile structures used in ballistic protection are woven fabrics, unidirectional (UD) fabric structures, and nonwoven fabrics. In this article, an analytical model based on wave propagation and energy balance between the projectile and the target is developed to analyze hybrid fabric panels for ballistic protection. The hybrid panel consists of two types of structure: woven fabrics as the front layers and UD material as the rear layers. The model considers different cross sections of surface of the target in the woven and UD fabric of the hybrid panel. Also the model takes into account possible shear failure by using shear strength together with maximum tensile strain as the failure criteria. Reflections of deformation waves at interface between the layers and also the crimp of the yarn are modeled in the woven part of the hybrid panel. The results show greater efficiency of woven fibers in front layers (more shear resistance) and UD yarns in the rear layers (more tensile resistance), leading to better ballistic performance. Also modeling the yarn crimp results in more trauma at the backface of the panel producing data closer to the experimental results. It was found that there is an optimum ratio of woven to UD materials in the hybrid ballistic panel.

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