Potential of Cork Cement Composite as a Thermal Insulation Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 666 ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukhdeo R. Karade

The growing environmental concern throughout the globe has led architects & engineers to design energy efficient buildings. Consequently, they are looking for building materials that can reduce the energy consumption in buildings to maintain the comfort level. Use of proper thermal insulating materials can reduce the energy required for heating or cooling of the buildings. Presently mineral wool and various foams are used for this purpose. Efforts are being made to use wastes in making thermal insulation materials so that the impact on environment can be further reduced. Cork granules are obtained as waste from the cork processing industries that make ‘bottle stoppers’ as a main product. These granules have a low density and could be used as lightweight aggregates for making concrete with low thermal conductivity. This article describes the physico-mechanical properties of lightweight cementitious composites made using cork granules. Further, environmental benefits of their application in thermal insulation of buildings has been discussed.

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Šadauskienė ◽  
Andrius Buska ◽  
Arūnas Burlingis ◽  
Raimondas Bliūdžius ◽  
Albinas Gailius

In order to reduce the amounts of work at the construction site, single‐ply dual density thermal insulating roofing boards are used with increasing frequency for thermal insulation of flat roofs. In this case, the joints between boards are not overlapped by the other ply over it; therefore gaps of varying width form between the sides of the boards through the entire thickness of the insulating layer, whose effect on the effective thermal conductivity of the thermal insulating layer must be evaluated. The aim of this project was to assess the reliability of standard method, used to determine the impact of such air gaps on the effective thermal conductivity of the thermal insulating layer by comparing the results of calculations and the results of measurements of thermal conductivity, also to determine the correction factors for thermal transmittance of horizontal thermal insulation layers due to the forming vertical air gaps between the single‐ply mineral wool boards. After measurements of thermal resistances of 50 mm thick thermal insulation board with the air gaps which width varied from 3 mm to 20 mm, it was determined that the thermal conductivity value of the air gaps increases with the increment of the width of air gaps. After completion the experimental measurements of thermal conductivity it was determined that the height of closed and unventilated or partly ventilated air gaps has no effect on the properties of effective thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation layer when the air gap width is up to 5 mm. When wider unventilated or partly ventilated air gaps occur, the effective thermal conductivity coefficient increases proportionally as the height of the air gaps increases. Calculated according to the standard method the affix to the thermal transmittance is overly general and not always appropriate. In some cases it is 6 times higher or 4 times lower than the measured one. In this paper a method to evaluate the effects of air gaps by the use of correction factor to the thermal transmittance of the horizontal thermal insulating layer is proposed. Santrauka Nornt sumažinti darbų apimtis statybos vietoje, stogams šiltinti vis dažniau naudojamos vienu sluoksniu klojamos dvitankės termoizoliacinės plokštės. Šiuo atveju plokščių sandūros neperdengiamos, todėl tarp plokščių kraštinių susidaro įvairaus pločio plyšių, kurių įtaka termoizoliacinio sluoksnio šilumai perduoti turi būti įvertinta. Šio darbo tikslas yra įvertinti standartinio metodo, taikomo tokių plyšių poveikiui sluoksnio šilumos laidumui, patikimumui nustatyti lyginant skaičiavimo ir šilumos laidumo matavimų rezultatus, nustatyti horizontaliojo termoizoliacinio sluoksnio šilumos perdavimo koeficiento pataisas dėl vertikaliųjų oro plyšių susidarymo. Apskaičiavus 50 mm storio termoizoliacinio sluoksnio oro plyšių šilumines varžas, kai plyšių plotis yra nuo 3–20 mm, nustatyta, kad oro plyšių šilumos laidumo koeficiento vertė didėja didėjant oro plyšio pločiui. Atlikus eksperimentinius šilumos laidumo matavimus, nustatyta, kad susidarančių uždarų ir nevėdinamų arba iš dalies vėdinamų oro plyšių aukštis neturi įtakos termoizoliacinio sluoksnio šilumos laidumo savybėms, kai oro plyšys yra iki 5 mm pločio. Esant platesniems uždariems ir nevėdinamiems oro plyšiams, šilumos laidumo koeficientas proporcingai didėja didėjant oro plyšių aukščiui. Pagal standartinį metodą skaičiuotas šilumos perdavimo koeficiento priedas yra per daug apibendrinantis ir ne visada tinkamas. Kai kuriais atvejais jis yra 6 kartus didesnis arba 4 kartus mažesnis už išmatuotąjį. Šiame darbe pasiūlytas horizontaliojo termoizoliacinio sluoksnio šilumos perdavimo koeficiento priedo, naudojamo plyšių įtakai įvertinti, skaičiavimo metodas.


2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-91
Author(s):  
A. V Bolotin ◽  
S. M Sergeev ◽  
A. A Lunegova ◽  
E. A Kochetkova

Modern technologies are not standing still, and scientists are trying not only to invent new building materials, but also to find non-standard use of various raw materials that were previously considered unsuitable for use. Innovative technologies are actively used for modern construction of buildings, in particular, some types of new materials are used in the construction of various facilities. This is especially true in areas where it is not possible to import or use ordinary building materials for various reasons. Often, when designing a building, developers are wondering whether it is worth making the house warm during construction, and which insulation for the walls of the house is better to choose. This article addresses the question of which insulation for walls is most suitable for construction. The most common are mineral insulation, which are represented on the market today in the form of basalt slabs, fiberglass, etc. They have such advantages as low thermal conductivity, good thermal insulation and vapor permeability. The article presents a table with comparative performance characteristics of a mineral wool stone slab and a fiberglass slab. Stone or basalt wool has several advantages. It is able to withstand significant temperatures and temperature changes, the mats are easy to transport, convenient to install. In our opinion, a serious alternative to basalt in the production of thermal insulation materials is volcanic ash. One of the main features of volcanic ash are its building qualities, such as good thermal insulation and an environmentally friendly composition. Since here we are considering the possibility of producing insulation materials based on volcanic ash, we performed a thermal calculation of the enclosing structures. Also in the tables are the costs of transportation of volcanic ash from the field to the point of the proposed production of insulating material. Volcanic ash can be widely used in countries with high volcanic activity as an inexpensive raw material for the manufacture of building materials. It does not require additional processing and has a number of useful properties.


2011 ◽  
Vol 335-336 ◽  
pp. 1412-1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiri Zach ◽  
Jitka Peterková ◽  
Vít Petranek ◽  
Jana Kosíková ◽  
Azra Korjenic

Production of building materials is mostly energy consuming. In the sphere of insulation materials we mostly see rock wool based materials or foam-plastic materials whose production process is demanding from material aspect and raw materials aspect as well. At present the demand for thermal insulation materials has been growing globally. The thermal insulation materials form integral part of all constructions in civil engineering. The materials mainly fulfill the thermal insulating functions and also the sound-insulating one. The majority of thermal insulation materials are able to fulfill both of the functions simultaneously. The paper describes questions of thermal insulation materials development with good sound properties based on natural fibres that represent a quickly renewable source of raw materials coming from agriculture. The main advantage of the materials are mainly the local availability and simple renewability of the raw materials. In addition an easy recycling of the materials after their service life end in the building construction and last but not least also the connection of human friendly properties of organic materials with advanced product manufacture qualities of modern insulation materials.


2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardeta Dębska ◽  
Lech Lichołai ◽  
Jerzy Szyszka

The article presents a patent proposition of a composite – sandwich panel made of aerogel mat and a composition of encapsulated phase-change material PCM and epoxy resin modified by glycolysis based on poly(ethylene terephthalate) waste. A multifunctional thermal insulation material with a large heat capacity was obtained. This ability makes it possible to limit the temperature fluctuation in the space encased with the composite. In addition, thanks to the use of aerogel mat, which is characterized by much higher thermal insulation than commonly available materials, it is possible to achieve the assumed thermal resistance using more than two times lower thickness of insulation. The combination of aerogel and resin-PCM makes it possible to give the material virtually any shape. After the hardening process is completed, it has incomparably greater tensile, bending and compression strengths than Styrofoam and mineral wool. These features predispose it for use in situations where high thermal insulation is required while maintaining a low thickness of insulation material and a large thermal capacity of the housing material is indicated, e.g. thin divisions used in passive buildings, window joinery elements, engine compartments and cabin components in vehicles, household appliances etc.


2021 ◽  
Vol 887 ◽  
pp. 480-486
Author(s):  
T.N. Vachnina ◽  
I.V. Susoeva ◽  
A.A. Titunin ◽  
S.V. Tsybakin

Many plant wastes are not currently used in production, they are disposed of in landfills or incinerated. The aim of this study is to develop a composite thermal insulation material from unused spinning waste of flax and cotton fibers and soft wood waste. Samples of thermal insulation materials from plant waste were made by drying using the technology of production of soft wood fiber boards. For composite board defined physico-mechanical characteristics and thermal conductivity. The experiment was carried out according to a second-order plan, regression models of the dependences of the material indicators on the proportion of the binder additive, drying temperature and the proportion of wood waste additives were developed. The study showed that composites from unused spinning waste of plant fibers and soft wood waste have the necessary strength under static bending, the swelling in thickness after staying in water is much lower in comparison with the performance of boards from other plant fillers. The coefficient of thermal conductivity of the boards is comparable with the indicator for mineral wool boards.


2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 08004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Sudoł ◽  
Dawid Dębski ◽  
Renata Zamorowska ◽  
Barbara Francke

In the paper the results of an experimental program intended to determine factors influencing the impact resistance of the External Thermal Insulation Composite Systems (ETICS) were presented. For the research the systems based on polystyrene have been chosen. The insulation material was faced with a rendering consisting of base coat reinforced with standard or armored glass fibre mesh and silicone or silicone-silicate binders as finishing coats. The influence of various renderings components was evaluated with respect to resistance to hard body impact and resistance to hail. The test results were discussed in the context of the possible impact level on ETICS in use.


Author(s):  
Jiří Maděra ◽  
Jan Kočí ◽  
Václav Kočí

Computational modeling represents useful tool for the assessment of newly designed or refurbished building materials and structures. Especially, when complex buildings elements need to be assessed from a hygrothermal point of view, the computational modeling is the right approach with desired power and accuracy. In this paper a historical wall element is investigated using two-dimensional simulation in order to study the effect of application of several insulation materials in various scenarios. In total two insulation materials are investigated (mineral wool, wood fiber boards) that are applied in three different scenarios. All simulations are performed under real climatic load. The results of the computational simulations reveal potential weak points in system application and can provide engineers and designers with valuable recommendations and practical information. The best results were obtained for thermal insulation from mineral wool. On the other hand, an improper system application can lead to a significant devaluation of the beneficial effects on the thermal performance of the studied brick element.


2014 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maatouk Khoukhi ◽  
Mahmoud Tahat

The impact of the thermal conductivity (k-value) change of polystyrene insulation material in building envelope due to changes in temperature on the thermal and energy performance of a typical residential building under hot climate is investigated. Indeed, the thermal and energy performance of buildings depends on the thermal characteristics of the building envelope, and particularly on the thermal resistance of the insulation material used. The thermal insulation material which is determined by its thermal conductivity, which describes the ability of heat to flow cross the material in presence of a gradient of temperature, is the main key to assess the performance of the thermal insulation material. When performing the energy analysis or calculating the cooling load for buildings, we use published values of thermal conductivity of insulation materials, which are normally evaluated at 24°C according to the ASTM standards. In reality, thermal insulation in building is exposed to significant and continuous temperature variations, due essentially to the change of outdoor air temperature and solar radiation. Many types of insulation materials are produced and used in Oman, but not enough information is available to evaluate their performance under the prevailing climatic condition. The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the temperature and thermal conductivity of various densities of polystyrene, which is widely used as building insulation material in Oman. Moreover, the impact of thermal conductivity variation with temperature on the envelope-induced cooling load for a simple building model is discussed. This work will serve as a platform to investigate the effect of the operating temperature on thermal conductivity of other building material insulations, and leads to more accurate assessment of the thermal and energy performance of buildings in Oman.


2011 ◽  
Vol 250-253 ◽  
pp. 507-512
Author(s):  
Zi Sheng Wang ◽  
Hao Chi Tu ◽  
Jin Xiu Gao ◽  
Guo Dong Qian ◽  
Xian Ping Fan ◽  
...  

Aerogel is regarded as one kind of super thermal insulation materials which could be large-scalely used as building materials. However, the aerogel’s production cost and poor mechanical property limit the its applications. In this paper, we put forward a new low cost way to produce a novel building thermal insulation material: synthesized the aerogel within the expanded perlite’s pores, and using sodium silicate as precursor without adopting supercritical fluid drying and surface modification. The thermal conductivity of expanded perlite was successfully decreased after modified by aerogel.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Drozdyuk ◽  
Arkadiy Ayzenshtadt ◽  
M. Frolova ◽  
Rama Shanker Rama Shanker Verma

the paper shows the possibility of producing a thermal insulating composite based on basalt fibers and sapo-nite-containing mining waste. A method for manufacturing thermal insulating composites from hydro-mass with different contents of the mixture components is proposed. Basalt fibers were used as a filler, and pre-mechanoactivated saponite-containing material (SCM) was used as a binder. It was found experimentally that depending on the composition of composites, the coefficient of thermal conductivity varies from 0.1109 to 0.1342 W/(m•K), and the compressive strength – from 0.45 to 0.93 MPa. In addition, it was found that thermal modification of composites at temperatures up to 1200°C significantly (up to 3 times) increases the compressive strength of composites, while not affecting the coefficient of thermal conductivity. The ex-periments to determine the conductivity of the composite “basalt fiber – SСM” depending on its moisture content showed that the obtained composite is characterized by intense and linear increase in the values of conductivity when the humidity of the sample to 12% and further increase in humidity practically does not change the values of the coefficient of thermal conductivity. Comparison of the studied thermal insulation composite with known structural thermal insulation materials in terms of its thermal insulation and strength characteristics showed that it is comparable to gas and foam blocks. It should also be noted that this material is environmentally safe and can withstand high temperatures without collapsing.


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