Tribological Properties of New Developed Nano Boric Acid Suspended as Additive in Engine Oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Hakan Kaleli̇ ◽  
Selman Demi̇rtaş ◽  
Veli Uysal ◽  
Zulhicce Tanriseven
Keyword(s):  
Boric Acid ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Liner System

It is well known that nanoparticles affect the interaction between lubricants and surfaces with various chemical compositions and different chemical and physical properties. In recent years, nanoparticles have started to play more important roles as lubricant additives for their potential in wear, friction and emission reduction and improving lubrication and fuel economy. Although nanolubricants are frequently used for friction tests, little is known about stability and degree of dispersion of these nanoparticles in viscous liquids. Most of them are unstable, agglomerate or aggregate which sediment over time. Boric acid (H3BO3) has always been a very important material due to its broad range of applications such as in medicine, cosmetics, automotive industry, metallurgy and also for miscellaneous purposes in other areas. Literature survey showed that friction between automobile engine parts could be greatly reduced using microscopic particles of boric acid.This study involves the new invention of successful suspension of nano boric acid (BA) additive added into 5W-40 fully synthetic commercial lubricating oil. This invention is confidential and realized by Murat ÖZAYMAN from Tribor ARGE Co. in Teknopark of YILDIZ Technical University in Istanbul-TURKEY. The particle size of BA is determined with (Transmission Electron Microscopy) (TEM). Backscattering and transmittance profiles proved that nano boric acid (BA) particles were in suspension in commercial engine oil. Suspended BA in engine oil is applied between piston ring and cylinder liner system in order to investigate their effect on friction and wear under boundary lubricated conditions. Simulation and measurement of friction and wear were conducted using a reciprocating tribometer. Surface analysis were performed using 3D digital optical microscope, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM)/X-Ray, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Boron (B) from BA is well detected, mixed with other elements of additives and protected the surface under boundary lubrication conditions. The results indicate that BA can considerably improve the tribological performance of a piston ring and cylinder liner system under lubricated conditions. It has found that the friction coefficient is reduced with nano boric acid (BA) suspended engine oil and protected the surface mostly on cylinder liner mixing with other additives.

Effect of engine oil additives reduction on the tribofilm structure of a cylinder liner model surface

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-523
Author(s):  
Maria de Lourdes Miranda-Medina ◽  
Christian Tomastik ◽  
Tia Truglas ◽  
Heiko Groiss ◽  
Martin Jech
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Antiwear Additives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a general picture for describing the formed tribofilm, including chemical and physical aspects in the micro-scale and the nano-scale. In a previous study, the durability of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) tribofilms on cylinder liner samples has been investigated in a tribometer model system by using fresh and aged fully formulated oils and replacing them with PAO8 without additives. Analyses of the derived tribofilms by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy could give some hints about the underlying mechanisms of the tribofilm build-up and wear performance, but a final model has not been achieved. Design/methodology/approach Thus, characterisation of these tribofilms by means of focused ion beam-transmission electron microscopy (FIB-TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy is presented and a concluding model of the underlying mechanisms of tribofilm build-up is discussed in this paper. Findings For tribotests running first with fresh fully formulated engine oil, a rather homogeneous ZDDP-like tribofilm is found underneath a carbon rich tribofilm after changing to non-additivated PAO8. However, when the tests run first with aged fully formulated engine oil, no ZDDP-like tribofilm has been found after changing to non-additivated PAO8, but a wear protective carbon rich tribofilm. Originality/value The obtained results provide insights into the structure and durability of tribofilms. Carbon-based tribofilms are built up on the basis of non-additivated PAO8 because of the previously present ZDDP tribofilms, which suggests an alternative way to reducing the consumption of antiwear additives.

scholarly journals Tribological performance of nano-diamond composites-dispersed lubricants on commercial cylinder liner mating with CrN piston ring

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 455-464
Author(s):  
Ruoxuan Huang ◽  
Zichun Wang ◽  
Xiaoshuai Yuan ◽  
Tianchi Zhang ◽  
Siqi Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Friction Pair ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
Wear Loss ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Cylinder Liners

AbstractThis work investigated the effect of nanodiamond (ND) additives on the tribological properties of CrN-coated piston ring mating with the chromium-plated and BP alloy iron cylinder liners, which is one of the key friction pairs in the internal combustion engines. To enhance the dispersion of the NDs in the base oil, the surface of ND particles was modified with polyaniline via in situ polymerization. The friction and wear as well as the scuffing characteristics of the friction pair lubricated with different contents of ND composite-added base oil were evaluated by using the reciprocating tribotests, which are close to the actual conditions. The wear surface morphologies and elements distribution were analyzed to explore the wear behaviors and the associated mechanisms of friction pairs under the lubrication incorporated with the ND composites. The results show that the ND additive is beneficial for the pair of Cr liner and CrN-coated piston ring in the friction and wear as well as scuffing properties, and the best concentration of ND additive is expected to be around 1 wt%. But for the BP liner, the developed nanocomposite has a negative impact. The friction force and the wear loss of the pair lubricated by the ND composite-added oil are even worse than that tested with the base lubricating oil.

A Study of N Heterocyclic Compound as a Potential Lubricating Oil Additive

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 2698-2702
Author(s):  
Ping Ouyang ◽  
Xian Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Lubricating Oil Additive

Lauric acid-N-quinazolin-4-one methylester was synthesized as potential lubricating oil additive. The friction and wear behaviors of the synthesized compound as an additive in liquid paraffin on 12.7mm diameter steel ball bearing specimen were evaluated with a four-ball machine. The worn surfaces of the steel balls were observed using a scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the novel compound as an additive in liquid paraffin was effective in improving the tribological performance.

Lubricating Performance of Mixtures of Bio-Diesel and Mineral Diesel Investigated in a Model Tribometer With Radioactive Isotopes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jech ◽  
Th. Wopelka ◽  
F. Franek
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Radioactive Isotopes ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Liner System ◽  
Gas Fuel

For the investigation of piston ring and cylinder liner systems, screening tests are usually run with pure engine oil as the only lubricant. Due to the fact that the combustion chamber of a cylinder is filled with a high-pressure gas-fuel-mixture, we assume that the piston ring and cylinder liner contact is lubricated by a mixture of oil and fuel rather than by pure oil. As numerous investigations already deal with the effect of oil on the piston ring and cylinder liner system, we will concentrate in this paper on the effect of diesel, especially the effect of the admixture of bio-diesel, on the wear behavior of such a system.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Tribological and Tribochemical Interactions of Different Ferrous Layers Applied to Nitride Surfaces

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thawhid Khan ◽  
Yukio Tamura ◽  
Hiroshi Yamamoto ◽  
Ardian Morina ◽  
Anne Neville
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Micro Analysis

Abstract Nitriding is a widely used industrial process aiming to improve the tribological properties and performance of components. Previous studies have shown the effectiveness of the treatment with friction and wear performance, but very few have focused on the influence of different ferrous layers formed by variant nitriding treatments on tribological and tribochemical behavior. The influence of an oxide (Fe3O4) and sulfide (FeS) layer on friction and wear performance alongside tribochemical formation was investigated when using a fully formulated hydraulic lubricant. The tribological behavior of the variant nitride samples was analyzed using a tribometer and surface profiler. Scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, electron probe micro analysis (EPMA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to identify the morphologies and chemical compositions of the treated surface before and after testing. No real effect on friction or wear was observed with the presence of an oxide (Fe3O4) layer, even though the formation of FeS2 was observed within the tribofilm. However, the formation of a sulfide (FeS) layer after sulfur nitriding produced the lowest friction and wear in comparison to the alternative nitride variants. This was due to the lubrication properties of the FeS layer. The study effectively demonstrated that the type of the ferrous layer could impact tribological and tribochemical properties of nitride samples.

Characterization of the friction and wear effects of graphene nanoparticles in oil on the ring/cylinder liner of internal combustion engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 642-652
Author(s):  
Selman Demirtas ◽  
Hakan Kaleli ◽  
Mahdi Khadem ◽  
Dae-Eun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Piston Ring ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Cylinder Liner ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Lubrication Condition ◽  
Nano Additives

Purpose This study aims to investigate the tribological characteristics of a Napier-type second piston ring against a cylinder liner in the presence of graphene nano-additives mixed into 5W40 fully synthetic engine oil. Design/methodology/approach Wear tests were carried out in the boundary lubrication condition using a reciprocating tribometer, and real engine tests were performed using a single spark ignition Honda GX 270 test engine for a duration of 75 h. Findings The experimental results of the tribometer tests revealed that the nano-additives formed a layer on the rubbed surfaces of both the piston ring and the cylinder liner. However, this layer was only formed at the top dead center of the cylinder liner during the engine tests. The accumulation of carbon (C) from the graphene was heavily detected on the rubbed surface of piston ring/cylinder liner, mixed with other additive elements such as Ca, Zn, S and P. Overall, the use of graphene nano-additives in engine oil was found to improve the frictional behavior in the boundary and mixed lubrication regimes. Abrasive wear was found to be the main mechanism occurring on the surface of both piston rings and cylinder liners. Originality/value Though many researchers have discussed the potential benefits of graphene as a nano-additive in oil to reduce the friction and wear in laboratory tests using tribometers, to date, no actual engine tests have been performed. In this paper, both tribometer and real engine tests were performed on a piston ring and cylinder liner using a fully formulated oil with and without graphene nano-additives in the boundary lubrication condition. It was found that a graphene nano-additive plays an active role in lowering the coefficient of friction and increasing surface protection and lubrication by forming a protective layer on the rubbing surfaces.

A Study of (N-octylic acid)-N-Quinazolin-4-One Methylester as an Oil Additive

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 1496-1499
Author(s):  
Ping Ouyang ◽  
Xian Ming Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Ball Bearing ◽  
Liquid Paraffin ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Lubricating Oil ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Balls ◽  
Lubricating Oil Additive

(n-octylic acid)-N-quinazolin-4-one methylester was synthesized as potential lubricating oil additive. The friction and wear behaviors of the synthesized compound as an additive in liquid paraffin on 12.7mm diameter steel ball bearing specimen were evaluated with a four-ball machine. The worn surfaces of the steel balls were observed using a scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that the novel compound as an additive in liquid paraffin was effective in improving the tribological performance.

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