Structural Behaviour of Green Geopolymer Concrete Beams and Columns Made with Waste Wood Ash a Partial Substitution Binder

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 333-344
Author(s):  
K. Kumar Arun ◽  
M. Muthukannan ◽  
R. Raja Abinaya ◽  
A. Kumar Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Load Carrying

On the demand of reducing the global warming due to cement production which is used as main constituent in the production of concrete and minimizing the environmental impact caused by the waste and its disposal methods, this study was aimed. This study looked in to detail insight view on effective utilization of waste wood ash in the production of geopolymer concrete beams and columns to alternate the conventional reinforced concrete elements in construction industry. Waste wood ash is a waste by product produced in the nearby hotel and factories by burning the waste wood collected from timber industries and the ash are thrown in to land which creates a major environmental pollution. Geopolymer is a novel inorganic eco-friendly binding agent derived from alkaline solution that stimulates aluminosilicate source material (such as metakaolin, fly ash and GGBS). In this research, behaviour of beams in deflection, ductility factor, flexural strength and toughness index and columns in load carrying ability, stress strain behaviour and load-deflection behaviours were examined for three types of concretes (30% WWA – 70% Fly ash Geo-polymer concrete, Fly ash Geo-polymer concrete and Reinforced Cement Concrete). The results showed that inclusion of waste wood ash in geopolymer concrete helped in enhancing the load carrying capacity of beam and column by 42% and 28%. Further, the behaviour of structural elements in stiffness, ductility and toughness were also improved with the replacement of waste wood ash.

Cleaner Environment Approach by the Utilization of Low Calcium Wood Ash in Geopolymer Concrete

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadarkarai Arunkumar ◽  
Muthiah Muthukannan ◽  
Arunachalam Suresh Kumar ◽  
Arunasankar Chithambar Ganesh ◽  
Rangaswamy Kanniga Devi
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Potassium ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
The Impact

The waste disposal issues were the most severe problems that could cause global warming, which depletes the environment. The research hypothesis was to find the suitability and sustainability of utilizing the waste by-products in the invention of green geopolymer concrete to eliminate the tremendous effects caused by the wastes. Due to the increased demand for fly ash in recent years, the requirement of high alkaline activators, and elevated temperature for curing, there was a research gap to find an alternative binder. The novelty of this research was to utilize the waste wood ash, which is available plenty in nearby hotels and has an inbuilt composition of high potassium that can act as a self alkaline activator. Waste wood ash procured from the local hotels was replaced with fly ash by 0 to 100% at 10% intervals. The setting and mechanical characteristics were found on the prolonged ages to understand the influence of waste wood ash. Microstructural characterization was found using Scanning Electron Microscope and X-Ray Diffraction Analysis to define the impact of waste wood ash in the microstructure. The research findings showed that replacing 30% waste wood ash with fly ash attained better performance in setting properties and all mechanical parameters. The obtained optimum mix could provide the best alternative for fly ash in geopolymer to eliminate the economic thrust by the requirement of alkaline activators and deploy the environmental impact caused by the waste wood ash.

Invention of sustainable geopolymer concrete made with low calcium waste wood ash

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arunkumar ◽  
Muthukannan Muthiah ◽  
Suresh Kumar A. ◽  
Chithambar Ganesh A. ◽  
Kanniga Devi R.
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Waste Wood ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Effective Product

Purpose Inefficient waste disposal technique and cement production methodology caused significant environmental impacts, leading to global warming. The purpose of the research was to invent an effective, sustainable technology to use the wastes and alternate for cement in concrete. Geopolymer technology could be the most desirable solution to use the wastes into an effective product. Design/methodology/approach The wood waste ash derived from nearby tea shops was used as an alternate binder for fly ash. The replacement of WWA with FA was varied from 0 to 100% at 10% intervals. In this research, setting and mechanical features of Geopolymer Concrete (GPC) along with Waste wood ash (WWA) was carried out. The influence of wood waste ash in the microstructure of the GPC was also assessed using scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction analysis. Findings The findings revealed that 30% replacement of wood waste ash was performed higher in all measured features. Besides, the formation of different phases was also observed with the inclusion of wood waste ash. Research limitations/implications The demand for fly ash was increased in recent years, and the fly-based GPC has required more alkaline solution and temperature curing. Hence, there was a research gap on finding an alternative binder for fly ash. Originality/value The research novelty was to use the wood waste ash, which has inbuilt alkaline compounds on the production of sustainable geopolymer. The finding showed that the wood waste ash could be alternate fly ash that eliminates the environmental impacts and economic thrust.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penambahan Serat Kawat Bendrat Terhadap Kuat Lentur Beton Geopolimer

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Lina Flaviana Tilik ◽  
Djaka Suhirkam ◽  
Suhadi Suhadi ◽  
Muhammad Prawira Wardana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Tensile Load ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Coal Waste ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Flexible Beams

Currently, innovation continues to be developed to replace cement with other materials so that the use of cement as a building material can be reduced. Utilization of coal waste (fly ash) is an alternative to subtitude cement. From previous studies, fly ash mixed with alkaline materials in the form of NaOH and Na2SiO3 in a ratio of 1:5 can produce geopolymer concrete. This geopolymer concrete research was continued by adding bendrat wire fibers into the geopolymer concrete mixture. The method used in testing the aggregate, testing the compressive strength of normal concrete K225, testing the flexural strength of normal concrete and geopolymer concrete refers to SNI. Another additional material that is mixed is bendrat wire fiber. The research was carried out in the form of making flexible beams of 10 cm x 10 cm x 50 cm with fiber variations of 0%, 0.5%, and 1,0% at the age of 14 and 28 days. The results of the flexural strength test of the BN beam at the age of 28 days can withstand loads than BG. The average flexural strength obtained with variations of BN, BN+SB 0.5% and BN+SB 1.0% respectively were 2.796 MPa, 3.113 MPa, and 3.879 MPa. The results of testing the average flexural strength of geopolymer concrete beams at 28 days, obtained variations of BG, BG+SB 0.5%, and BG+SB 1.0% respectively were 0 MPa, 0.055 MPa and 0.104 MPa. In addition, geopolymer concrete cannot be used as a beam and the addition of bendrat wire fiber to geopolymer concrete cannot withstand the tensile load on the concrete.

Improving the Performance of Structural Members by Incorporating Incinerated Bio-Medical Waste Ash in Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete

2022 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
A. Kumar Suresh ◽  
M. Muthukannan ◽  
R. Kanniga Devi ◽  
K. Kumar Arun ◽  
Ganesh A. Chithambar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Waste ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Reinforced Cement ◽  
Experimental Findings

This study aims to analyze the use of Incinerated Bio-Medical Waste Ash (IBWA) in reinforced concrete structural member with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as an alternate building ingredient instead of cement. Biomedical waste was produced from various medical resources such as hospitals, medical institutes and research centres. GGBS is the waste generated from the steel plant. The climate is now being affected by the release of CO2 (global warming) from the Portland cement industries. Therefore, greater attention must be paid to study efforts to use geopolymer concrete. Geopolymer is a novel inorganic eco-friendly binding agent derived from an alkaline solution that stimulates aluminosilicate source material (GGBS, Rice Husk Ash, Quartz Powder, metakaolin, fly ash and Silica Fume). In this research, laboratory tests for Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete (RGPC) beams (deflection, ductility factor, flexural strength and toughness index) and columns (load-carrying ability, stress-strain behaviour and load-deflection behaviour) were conducted for three types of proportions using [30% IBWA – 70% GGBS Geopolymer concrete, GGBS Geopolymer concrete and Reinforced Cement Concrete. The experimental findings revealed that the performance of reinforced 30% IBWA – 70% GGBS geo-polymer beams and columns worked more effectively than reinforced cement concrete beams and columns.

scholarly journals Effect on addition of Polypropylene fibers in wood ash-fly ash based geopolymer concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 012162 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Arunkumar ◽  
M Muthukannan ◽  
A Dinesh Babu ◽  
A L Hariharan ◽  
T Muthuramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Polypropylene Fibers ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

FLEXURAL BEHAVIOR OF HIGH STRENGTH GEO-POLYMER CONCRETE BEAMS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vankudothu Bhikshma ◽  
Kandiraju Promodkumar ◽  
Putta Panduranghiah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Research Work ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Load Carrying

The demand for concrete is increasing day by day. As the consumption of cement is increased, environmental issues arise due to the release of CO2 during the manufacturing of cement. The objective of this research work is to produce a pollution free concrete with a combination of fly ash and GGBS (Ground granulated blast furnace slag) and without the use of cement. In this paper an attempt was made to study the mechanical properties of high strength geo-polymer concrete of grade M60 using GGBS, fly ash and micro silica. The testing program was planned for the mechanical properties of geo-polymer concrete and flexural behavior of corresponding beams. The experimental results indicated that the geo-polymer concrete M60 grade has a compressive strength of 70.45 MPa at the age of 28 days cured at ambient condition. Further, flexural strength and split tensile strengths for M60 grade high strength geo-polymer concrete at 28 days were observed to be 5.45 MPa and 3.63 MPa respectively. The modulus of elasticity was higher than the theoretical value proposed by IS 456-2000. It was also observed that the load carrying capacity of M60 grade high strength geo-polymer concrete found to be more than corresponding grade conventional concrete. The load-deflection, moment-curvature relationships were studied. The experimental results were encouraging to continue for further research in the area high strength geo-polymer concrete.

scholarly journals Effect of Combination of Alumina-Silica Rich Minerals with Fly Ash on Structural Behaviour of the Basalt Fibre Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3380-3386
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Steam Curing ◽  
Basalt Fibre ◽  
Cement Production ◽  
Oil Fly Ash

Cement production is one of the major C02 emitter which contributes around 8% of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions. So the Engineers are in the need of developing alternate material for cement to reduce the effect of vulnerable climatic changes in the world. This paper aims at presenting the experimental study on effect of combination of silica rich minerals with fly ash based geopolymer concrete. Fly ash was found to be successful in enhancing the performance of geopolymer concrete. The Utilization of more industrial wastes will promisingly contribute for reducing the environmental pollution. To determine the effective admixture combination with fly ash in geopolymer concrete, industrial wastes such as silica fume, GGBS, Metakaolin, palm oil fly ash were used. The concrete mixes were designed with 60 percentile of fly ash and 40 percentile of other industrial wastes to replace the cement in Geopolymer concrete. The Concrete specimens were casted and cured at different conditions namely Oven curing, Steam curing and sunlight. The Compressive, tensile and flexural strength behaviors were determined for the designed concrete mixes and the results were presented.

scholarly journals Use of waste paper ash or wood ash as substitution to fly ash in production of geopolymer concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 464-476
Author(s):  
Haider Owaid ◽  
Haider Al-Baghdadi ◽  
Muna Al-Rubaye
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Wood Ash ◽  
Splitting Tensile Strength ◽  
Waste Paper ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete

Large quantities of paper and wood waste are generated every day, the disposal of these waste products is a problem because it requires huge space for their disposal. The possibility of using these wastes can mitigate the environmental problems related to them. This study presents an investigation on the feasibility of inclusion of waste paper ash (WPA) or wood ash (WA) as replacement materials for fly ash (FA) class F in preparation geopolymer concrete (GC). The developed geopolymer concretes for this study were prepared at replacement ratios of FA by WPA or WA of 25, 50, 75 and 100% in addition to a control mix containing 100% of FA. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) are used as alkaline activators with 1M and 10M of sodium hydroxide solution.The geopolymer concretes have been evaluated with respect to the workability, the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength. The results indicated that there were no significant differences in the workability of the control GC mix and the developed GC mixes incorporating WPA or WA. Also, the results showed that, by incorporating of 25–50% PWA or 25% WA, the mechanical properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength) of GC mixes slightly decreased. While replacement with 75–100% WPA or with 50–100% WA has reduced these mechanical properties of GC mixes. As a result, there is a feasibility of partial replacement of FA by up to 50% WPA or 25% WA in preparation of the geopolymer concrete.

SERVICEABILITY OF LOW CREEP FLY ASH GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE BEAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Castel ◽  
Stephen Foster ◽  
Raymond Ian Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Drying Shrinkage ◽  
Performance Criterion ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Curing Conditions ◽  
Model Code ◽  
Sustained Loading ◽  
Low Calcium ◽  
Eurocode 2

In reinforced concrete construction, deflection control is an important performance criterion for their serviceability. The aim of the research described in this paper is to assess the deformation of cracked reinforced geopolymer concrete beams under long term service loading. The geopolymer binder is Portland cement free, using 85% of low calcium fly ash, 15% of GGBFS (Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag) and a sodium silicate/sodium hydroxide based activator. Firstly, geopolymer concrete drying shrinkage and creep were measured. Different curing conditions at elevated temperature were used. All experimental results are compared to predictions made using the Eurocode 2. Secondly, geopolymer concrete beams were subjected to short time bending tests leading to concrete cracking (pre-cracking tests). Beams were then stored under sustained loading for a period of four months. Both deflection and cracks were monitored versus time. Results show that, providing an appropriate heat curing regime, geopolymer concrete creep is much lower than that observed for OPC concrete and predicted by the Eurocode 2. As a result, the time-dependent deflection of geopolymer concrete beams measured after 4 months under sustained loading was always significantly lower than that of traditional OPC concrete beams. All results are showing that the crack widths of geopolymer concrete beams are significantly smaller than those expected for OPC concrete beams according to fib model code 2010 for both short and long terms tests. It is concluded that low calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete is a promising option for precast applications.

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