Research and Application of Superplastic Forming Titanium Alloys for Commercial Aircraft Parts

2005 ◽  
Vol 475-479 ◽  
pp. 3047-3050 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Gershon ◽  
I. Eldror
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Manufacturing Cost ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
Metal Structures ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Aircraft Production

Titanium alloys sheets have many attractions for the aerospace industry owing to their high strength, low density, heat resistance and other useful properties. Many of the sheet metal structures in airframes have complex shapes and compound curvatures with intricate details. Superplastic forming (SPF), a most recent advancement in titanium sheet forming technology, exploits the excellent characteristic of >1000% elongation potential for the fabrication of complex configurations not achievable by conventional methods. SPF technology can also reduce manufacturing cost by shortening the preparation time, eliminating the need for extensive welding or other joining methods and by reducing the number of manufacturing steps. Consequently, high profit margins may be achieved in serial aircraft production. This paper outlines the research at Israel Aircraft Industries (IAI) of SPF technology and its application in producing complex-shape Ti sheet parts for the new IAI commercial aircrafts, models “G-150” and “G-200”. Examples of both actual and experimental parts are given, together with details of the manufacturing parameters employed. An economical analysis is also included.

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN THE MANUFACTURING OF COMPONENTS FROM ALUMINIUM-, MAGNESIUM- AND TITANIUM-BASED ALLOYS

COSMOS ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 05 (01) ◽  
pp. 23-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDERS E. W. JARFORS ◽  
KARL-ULRICH KAINER ◽  
MING-JEN TAN ◽  
JOHN YONG
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Alloy Development ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Semi Solid

Recent developments in the field of manufacturing techniques and alloy development of light materials are reviewed. In the field of manufacturing Aluminium based components, special attention is given to casting, including liquid forging and semi-solid forming technology while for sheet metal forming technology the focus is on material properties and process technology in superplastic forming. For the manufacturing of Magnesium-based components, special attention is given to casting processes and alloy development for casting. For wrought Magnesium, material properties control is covered. For Titanium-based components, an overview of the latest additions to high strength alloys are given, including non-linear elasticity as demonstrated by materials like GUM Metal™. Advanced forming technology such as Levi Casting are also treated.

Modeling of Diffusion Bonding Time in Dissimilar Titanium Alloys: Preliminary Results

2016 ◽  
Vol 138 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neha Kulkarni ◽  
M. Ramulu ◽  
Daniel G. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Diffusion Bonding ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Bonding Time ◽  
Bonding Parameters ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Dissimilar Alloys ◽  
Structural Parts

Titanium alloys are excellent candidates for aerospace applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance. In the aerospace industry, diffusion bonding (DB) combined with superplastic forming is widely adopted to produce near net shape of titanium alloy structural parts. Of all the titanium alloys, bonding parameters have been well established for producing high-quality bonds only between Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-4V. The DB of similar alloys has been modeled successfully by many researchers. However, to date the DB time has not been modeled for dissimilar alloys. In the current work, the probabilistic model developed to predict DB time in similar titanium alloys is adapted for prediction of bonding time for Ti-64SG/Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo SG dissimilar titanium alloys.

Manufacturing Titanium and Al-Li Alloy Cryogenic Tanks

2020 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
Ho Sung Lee ◽  
Jong Hoon Yoon ◽  
Joon Tae Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Laser Beam Welding ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Aerospace Applications ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Aerospace Alloys ◽  
Cryogenic Tanks

This study presents manufacturing cryogenic tanks for aerospace applications. Since most high strength aerospace alloys like titanium alloys and Al-Li alloys exhibit low formability due to low ductility and work hardening, superplastic forming technology is applied to manufacture hemispherical shapes. Superplasticity is the ability of materials to deform plastically to show very large amount of strains. Advantages of superplastic forming technology include its design flexibility, low tooling cost and short leading time to produce. In this study, various manufacturing processes, like superplastic forming, diffusion bonding, laser beam welding and friction stir welding, are applied to manufacture titanium and aluminum cryogenic tanks. Using these technologies in manufacturing process makes the aerospace components lighter and stiffer, with efficient energy and cost saving.

BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440

Alloy Digest ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 24 (9) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Nickel Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
High Temperature Mechanical Properties ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Complex Shapes

Abstract BERYLCO NICKEL ALLOY 440 is an age-hardenable nickel-beryllium-titanium alloy that offers high strength, excellent spring properties outstanding formability, good high-temperature mechanical properties, and resistance to corrosion and fatigue. Complex shapes can be produced in the solution-treated (soft) condition and then aged to a minimum tensile strength of 215,500 psi. It is used for mechanical and electrical/electronic components in the temperature range -320 to 800 F. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-94. Producer or source: Kawecki Berylco Industries Inc.. Originally published September 1964, revised September 1975.

Research on Quick Superplastic Forming for Aluminium Alloy Sheet

2012 ◽  
Vol 735 ◽  
pp. 301-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Jian Liang ◽  
Xiao Wei Wu ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Quan Lin Jin ◽  
Zhao Li Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Hot Stamping ◽  
Superplastic Forming ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Hot Forming ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Better Than

This article describes the high rate superplastic forming. The high rate superplastic forming technology is a new complex process,which integrates hot stamping and superplastic forming .It has feature of rapidity of the hot stamping and character of excellent formability of the superplastic forming.We obtained the best proportion of the hot forming and the superplastic forming through simulation experiment, and formed a car’s abonnet by applying the proportion.Compared with the high rate superplastic forming,the forming quality is better than that of hot forming. and the forming time is less than that of superplastic forming. Result shows that ,the high rate superplastic forming technology can meet the requirements for mass production.

scholarly journals Modification of Mechanical Properties of High-Strength Titanium Alloys VT23 and VT23M Due to Impact-Oscillatory Loading

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykola Chausov ◽  
Janette Brezinová ◽  
Andrii Pylypenko ◽  
Pavlo Maruschak ◽  
Liudmyla Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Strength ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Rolled Metal ◽  
Technological Method ◽  
Equilibrium Processes ◽  
Production Conditions

A simple technological method is proposed and tested experimentally, which allows for the improvement of mechanical properties in sheet two-phase high-strength titanium alloys VT23 and VT23M on the finished product (rolled metal), due to impact-oscillatory loading. Under impact-oscillatory loading and dynamic non-equilibrium processes (DNP) are realized in titanium alloys, leading to the self-organization of the structure. As a result, the mechanical properties of titanium alloys vary significantly with subsequent loading after the realization of DNP. In this study, the test modes are found, which can be used in the production conditions.

scholarly journals Design of Low-Cost and High-Strength Titanium Alloys Using Pseudo-Spinodal Mechanism through Diffusion Couple Technology and CALPHAD

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2910
Author(s):  
Chaoyi Ding ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
Ligang Zhang ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
Libin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Couple ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Cr System

The high cost of development and raw materials have been obstacles to the widespread use of titanium alloys. In the present study, the high-throughput experimental method of diffusion couple combined with CALPHAD calculation was used to design and prepare the low-cost and high-strength Ti-Al-Cr system titanium alloy. The results showed that ultra-fine α phase was obtained in Ti-6Al-10.9Cr alloy designed through the pseudo-spinodal mechanism, and it has a high yield strength of 1437 ± 7 MPa. Furthermore, application of the 3D strength model of Ti-6Al-xCr alloy showed that the strength of the alloy depended on the volume fraction and thickness of the α phase. The large number of α/β interfaces produced by ultra-fine α phase greatly improved the strength of the alloy but limited its ductility. Thus, we have demonstrated that the pseudo-spinodal mechanism combined with high-throughput diffusion couple technology and CALPHAD was an efficient method to design low-cost and high-strength titanium alloys.

Study of the Key Issues of Friction Stir Welding of Titanium Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 1185-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jie Liu ◽  
Li Zhou ◽  
Yong Xian Huang ◽  
Qi Wei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Liquid Cooling ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Aluminum And Magnesium Alloys

As a new solid-state welding process, friction stir welding (FSW) has been successfully used for joining low melting point materials such as aluminum and magnesium alloys, but the FSW of high melting point materials such as steels and titanium alloys is still difficult to carry out because of their strict requirements for the FSW tool. Especially for the FSW of titanium alloys, some key technological issues need to solve further. In order to accomplish the FSW of titanium alloys, a specially designed tool system was made. The system was composed of W-Re pin tool, liquid cooling holder and shielding gas shroud. Prior to FSW, the Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates were thermo-hydrogen processed to reduce the deformation resistance and tool wear during the FSW. Based on this, the thermo-hydrogen processed Ti-6Al-4V alloy with different hydrogen content was friction stir welded, and the microstructural characterizations and mechanical properties of the joints were studied. Experimental results showed that the designed tool system can fulfill the requirements of the FSW of titanium alloys, and excellent weld formation and high-strength joint have been obtained from the titanium alloy plates.

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