Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of C/Co/C Pseudo-Sandwich Granular Films by Facing Sputtering

Granular C/Co/C films have been prepared by magnetron sputtering from C and Co onto glass substrates at room temperature and subsequent in situ annealing. C and Co targets use an RF and DC facing deposition mode respectively. The structural and magnetic properties of films at room temperature were investigated as functions of Co layer thickness, C layer thickness and annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows the majority Co nanograins are formed as the hexagonal-close-packed (hcp) structure annealing at 400 °C. Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements indicate that the magnetic moment lies well in the film plane. Hc reaches maximum near 20 nm-thick Co layer and 30 nm-thick C layer with annealing temperature of 400 °C for 30 min. Remanent squareness (S) close to 1 was achieved for the film in which C layer thickness is 45 nm. Scanning probe microscope (SPM) was used to scan surface morphology and magnetic domain structures. The average grain size varies from 10 nm to 15 nm after annealing.

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Influence of Annealing on the Magnetic Properties of Fe50Co50 Films

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.1084 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 47-50 ◽

pp. 1084-1087

Author(s):

Ya Qin Li ◽

Ge Xin Guo ◽

Li Wang ◽

Xiu Ling Li

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Annealing Time ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Domain Size ◽

Magnetic Films ◽

Scanning Probe ◽

Glass Substrates ◽

Domain Structures ◽

Probe Microscope

The Fe50Co50 magnetic films were prepared by magnetron sputtering onto glass substrates. The structural and magnetic properties of the films were investigated as a function of annealing temperature and annealing time. It is found that the films have the better crystallization orientation after annealing. The in-plane coercivity Hc reduces with increasing annealing temperature and annealing time. Coercivity reaches the minimum in the sample annealed at 600°C for 2h. Meanwhile, the saturation magnetization Ms increases with increasing annealing temperature as a whole. A scanning probe microscope was used to scan surface morphology and magnetic domain structures. After annealing, the domain size becomes larger and the contrast of domains increases.

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Influence of Annealing Temperature on Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Ti/Ni/Ti Thin Films

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.1699 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 239-242 ◽

pp. 1699-1702

Author(s):

Shun Zhen Feng ◽

Ji Hong Liu ◽

Pu Hao ◽

Yan Hui Dong ◽

Hui Yuan Sun

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Magnetic Domains ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Glass Substrates ◽

Diffraction Peaks ◽

Microstructure And Magnetic Properties

Ti(3nm)/Ni(10nm)/Ti(3nm) films were deposited directly on glass substrates using dc facing-target magnetron sputtering system at room temperature and in situ-annealed from room temperature(RT) to annealing temperature(Ta) 500°C, respectively. At Ta = 400°C, the gain size was about 15 nm, and the magnetic domains of the films distributed homogenously, and the magnetic domain cluster size was nearly 25 nm. The maximum perpendicular coercivity of Ti(3nm)/Ni(10nm)/Ti(3nm) films was 1360 Oe. The segregation or diffusion of Ti and the stress anisotropy played important roles to increase the coercivity. The intergrain interaction of films was obtained by δM plots. In annealing films, X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles showed two diffraction peaks of NiTi monoclinic structure (002), (111) lattice orientations.

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Effect of Annealing temperature on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of TbxY3-xFe5O12(x = 0.0, 1.0, 2.0) Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.501.236 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 501 ◽

pp. 236-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ftema W. Aldbea ◽

Noor Bahyah Ibrahim ◽

Mustafa Hj. Abdullah ◽

Ramadan E. Shaiboub

Keyword(s):

Thin Films ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽

X Ray ◽

Garnet Phase ◽

Sol Gel Process ◽

Amorphous Structures

Thin films nanoparticles TbxY3-xFe5O12 (x=0.0, 1.0, 2.0) were prepared by the sol-gel process followed by annealing process at various annealing temperatures of 700° C, 800° C and 900° C in air for 2 h. The results obtained from X-ray diffractometer (XRD) show that the films annealed below 900°C exhibit peaks of garnet mixed with small amounts of YFeO3 and Fe2O3. Pure garnet phase has been detected in the films annealed at 900°C. Before annealing the films show amorphous structures. The particles sizes measurement using the field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) showed that the particles sizes increased as the annealing temperature increased. The magnetic properties were measured at room temperature using the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The saturation magnetization (Ms) of the films also increased with the annealing temperature. However, different behavior of coercivity (Hc) has been observed as the annealing temperature was increased.

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Magnetic properties of (Bi1−xLax)(Fe,Co)O3 films fabricated by a pulsed DC reactive sputtering and demonstration of magnetization reversal by electric field

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-90547-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Munusamy Kuppan ◽

Daichi Yamamoto ◽

Genta Egawa ◽

Sivaperuman Kalainathan ◽

Satoru Yoshimura

Keyword(s):

Electric Field ◽

Magnetization Reversal ◽

High Performance ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Magnetic Film ◽

Film Plane ◽

Force Microscopy ◽

Domain Structures ◽

Pulsed Dc ◽

Submicron Scale

Abstract(Bi1−xLax)(Fe,Co)O3 multiferroic magnetic film were fabricated using pulsed DC (direct current) sputtering technique and demonstrated magnetization reversal by applied electric field. The fabricated (Bi0.41La0.59)(Fe0.75Co0.25)O3 films exhibited hysteresis curves of both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric behavior. The saturated magnetization (Ms) of the multiferroic film was about 70 emu/cm3. The squareness (S) (= remanent magnetization (Mr)/Ms) and coercivity (Hc) of perpendicular to film plane are 0.64 and 4.2 kOe which are larger compared with films in parallel to film plane of 0.5 and 2.5 kOe. The electric and magnetic domain structures of the (Bi0.41La0.59)(Fe0.75Co0.25)O3 film analyzed by electric force microscopy (EFM) and magnetic force microscopy (MFM) were clearly induced with submicron scale by applying a local electric field. This magnetization reversal indicates the future realization of high performance magnetic device with low power consumption.

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Structural Changes of UHV Deposited Titanium Thin Films in Presence of Oxygen Flow and Temperature

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.1094 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 110-116 ◽

pp. 1094-1098

Author(s):

Haleh Kangarlou ◽

Mehdi Bahrami Gharahasanloo ◽

Akbar Abdi Saray ◽

Reza Mohammadi Gharabagh

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Annealing Process ◽

Oxygen Flow ◽

Glass Substrates ◽

Annealing Temperatures ◽

Titanium Thin Films ◽

Deposition Angle ◽

Ti Films

Ti films of same thickness, and near normal deposition angle, and same deposition rate were deposited on glass substrates, at room temperature, under UHV conditions. Different annealing temperatures as 393K, 493K and 593K with uniform 8 cm3/sec, oxygen flow, were used for producing titanium oxide layers. Their nanostructures were determined by AFM and XRD methods. Roughness of the films changed due to annealing process. The gettering property of Ti and annealing temperature can play an important role in the nanostructure of the films.

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Magnetic Domain Structures and Magnetic Properties of Lightly Nd-Doped Sm–Co Magnets With High Squareness and High Heat Resistance

IEEE Transactions on Magnetics ◽

10.1109/tmag.2018.2868969 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hiroaki Machida ◽

Teruhiko Fujiwara ◽

Chieko Fujimoto ◽

Yu Kanamori ◽

Jun Tanaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Heat Resistance ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

High Heat ◽

High Heat Resistance ◽

Domain Structures

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The Influence of Annealing Temperature on the Structure and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline BiFeO3 Prepared by Sol–Gel Method

Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A ◽

10.1007/s11661-021-06506-z ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

T. Pikula ◽

T. Szumiata ◽

K. Siedliska ◽

V. I. Mitsiuk ◽

R. Panek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Magnetic Properties ◽

Annealing Temperature ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Weak Ferromagnetism ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Gel Method ◽

Sol Gel Method ◽

Average Grain Size ◽

Spin Cycloid

AbstractIn this work, BiFeO3 powders were synthesized by a sol–gel method. The influence of annealing temperature on the structure and magnetic properties of the samples has been discussed. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the purest phase was formed in the temperature range of 400 °C to 550 °C and the samples annealed at a temperature below 550 °C were of nanocrystalline character. Mössbauer spectroscopy and magnetization measurements were used as complementary methods to investigate the magnetic state of the samples. In particular, the appearance of weak ferromagnetic properties, significant growth of magnetization, and spin-glass-like behavior were observed along with the drop of average grain size. Mössbauer spectra were fitted by the model assuming cycloidal modulation of spins arrangement and properties of the spin cycloid were determined and analyzed. Most importantly, it was proved that the spin cycloid does not disappear even in the case of the samples with a particle size well below the cycloid modulation period λ = 62 nm. Furthermore, the cycloid becomes more anharmonic as the grain size decreases. The possible origination of weak ferromagnetism of the nanocrystalline samples has also been discussed.

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Magnetic properties and magnetic domain structures of NdFe10.5Mo1.5 and NdFe10.5Mo1.5Nx

Applied Physics Letters ◽

10.1063/1.120315 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 71 (22) ◽

pp. 3290-3292 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Jinbo Yang ◽

Weihua Mao ◽

Benpei Cheng ◽

Yingchang Yang ◽

Hai Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Properties ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Domain Structures

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Computational Modelling of Ring-Shaped Magnetic Domains

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-529-157 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 529 ◽

Author(s):

A.F. Gal'tsev ◽

V.G. Pokazan'ev ◽

Y.I. Yalishev

Keyword(s):

Local Density ◽

Computational Modelling ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Magnetic Domain ◽

Magnetic Film ◽

Static Stability ◽

Film Plane ◽

Theoretical Research ◽

Magnetization Distribution ◽

Domain Structures

AbstractA theoretical research of static stability of peculiar localized domain structures (LDS) in a thin magnetic film with the perpendicular anisotropy is presented. The model describes a system consisting of cylindrical magnetic domain (CMD) and several concentric ring-shaped domains. Such structures arise under influence of the external low frequency (100–1000 Hz) magnetic field applied perpendicular to the film plane and were observed experimentally in 1992. Non-linear singular integro-differential equation for a magnetization distribution is provided by a minimization condition for the system's complete energy local density. Energy dependencies on geometry parameters are calculated numerically. The conditions of magnetostatic stabilization of the simplest CMD-ring system, as well as some of its dynamical properties, are discussed in detail on this basis.

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