Strain Enhanced High Strength Cu–Ag–Zr Conductors

2009 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 707-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lyubimova ◽  
Jens Freudenberger ◽  
Alexandere Gaganov ◽  
Hansjörg Klauss ◽  
Ludwig Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Zr Alloys

Recovery, recrystallisation and grain growth processes as well as the formation of a solid solution and the phase separation of a homogeneous material into a heterogeneous one are observed for Cu-Ag-Zr alloys heat-treated at different temperatures by means of mechanical, electrical and microstructural analyses. Heat treatments are shown to be an effective tool to enhance the strain to failure. If applied between several deformation steps the heat treatment causes an increase of both strain and strength limits.

Comparative Study on the Properties of CuCoBe Alloy and CuNiCoBe Alloy

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 145-150
Author(s):  
Jian Chen ◽  
Ming Zhang ◽  
Dong Yang ◽  
Huan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solution Treatment Temperature ◽  
Solid Solution Treatment ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Melting Technique ◽  
Different Temperatures

CuNiCoBe alloy and CuCoBe alloy were cast by the vacuum inductive melting technique, and were heat treated under certain parameters. By using optical microscope, sclerometer and conductivity meter, the properties of two alloys were investigated after heat treatment. Experimental results show that the process of 980 °C for solid solution and three hours of aging at 450 °C is the best heat treatment for CuCoBe alloy, while 960 °C is the best solid solution treatment temperature for CuNiCoBe alloy with the same aging measures. Ni is beneficial to improve the hardness and conductivity of alloys, and CuNiCoBe alloy has better strength, hardness and conductivity than CuCoBe alloy at different temperatures, and two alloys all have a conductivity mutation increase near 450 °C. CuNiCoBe alloy and CuCoBe alloy soften respectively at 464 °C and 471 °C.

Heat Treatment Influence on the Corrosion Resistance of a Cu-Al-Fe-Mn Bronze

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ciurdas ◽  
Ioana Arina Gherghescu ◽  
Sorin Ciuca ◽  
Alina Daniela Necsulescu ◽  
Cosmin Cotrut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures

Aluminium bronzes are exhibiting good corrosion resistance in saline environments combined with high mechanical properties. Their corrosion resistance is obviously confered by the alloy chemical composition, but it can also be improved by heat treatment structural changes. In the present paper, five Cu-Al-Fe-Mn bronze samples were subjected to annealing heat treatments with furnace cooling, water quenching and water quenching followed by tempering at three different temperatures: 200, 400 and 550�C. The heating temperature on annealing and quenching was 900�C. The structure of the heat treated samples was studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the five samples were submitted to corrosion tests. The best resistance to galvanic corrosion was showed by the quenched sample, but it can be said that all samples are characterized by close values of open-circuit potentials and corrosion potentials. Concerning the susceptibility to other types of corrosion (selective leaching, pitting, crevice corrosion), the best corrosion resistant structure consists of a solid solution, g2 and k compounds, corresponding to the quenched and 550�C tempered sample.

Structure and Hardness of Cryorolled and Heat-Treated 2xxx Aluminum Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 667-669 ◽  
pp. 925-930
Author(s):  
S.V. Krymskiy ◽  
Elena Avtokratova ◽  
M.V. Markushev ◽  
Maxim Yu. Murashkin ◽  
O.S. Sitdikov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Aging Response ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Aluminum Solid Solution ◽  
A Cell

The effects of severe plastic deformation (SPD) by isothermal rolling at the temperature of liquid nitrogen combined with prior- and post-SPD heat treatment, on microstructure and hardness of Al-4.4%Cu-1.4%Mg-0.7%Mn (D16) alloy were investigated. It was found no nanostructuring even after straining to 75%. Сryodeformation leads to microshear banding and processing the high-density dislocation substructures with a cell size of ~ 100-200 nm. Such a structure remains almost stable under 1 hr annealing up to 200oC and with further temperature increase initially transforms to bimodal with a small fraction of nanograins and then to uniform coarse grained one. It is found the change in the alloy post–SPD aging response leading to more active decomposition of the preliminary supersaturated aluminum solid solution, and to the alloy extra hardening under aging with shorter times and at lower temperatures compared to T6 temper.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Solid Solution Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of the AA7075 Alloy After T6 Heat Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 892-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
Süleyman Tekeli ◽  
Ijlal Simsek ◽  
Dogan Simsek ◽  
Dursun Ozyurek
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
T6 Heat Treatment ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures

AbstractIn this study, the effect of solid solution temperature on microstructure and mechanical properties of the AA7075 alloy after T6 heat treatment was investigated. Following solid solution at five different temperatures for 2 hours, the AA7075 alloy was quenched and then artificially aged at 120∘C for 24 hours. Hardness measurements, microstructure examinations (SEM+EDS, XRD) and tensile tests were carried out for the alloys. The results showed that the increased solid solution temperature led to formation of precipitates in the microstructures and thus caused higher hardness and tensile strength.

Comparison of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Additively Manufactured and Conventional Maraging Steel

2020 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kučerová ◽  
Andrea Jandová ◽  
Ivana Zetková
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Maraging Steel ◽  
Precipitation Hardening ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Hardness Measurement ◽  
Nickel Steel ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Good Material ◽  
Iron Nickel

Maraging steel is an iron-nickel steel alloy, which achieves very good material properties like high toughness, hardness, good weldability, high strength and dimensional stability during heat treatment. In this work, maraging steel 18Ni-300 was manufactured by selective laser melting. It is a method of additive manufacturing (AM) technology, which produces prototypes and functional parts. Sample of additively manufactured and conventional steel with the same chemical composition were tested after in three different states – heat treated (as-built/as-received), solution annealed and precipitation hardened. Resulting microstructures were analysed by light and scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties were obtained by hardness measurement and tensile test. Cellular martensitic microstructures were observed in additively manufactured samples and conventional maraging steel consisted of lath martensitic microstructures. Very similar mechanical properties were obtained for both steels after the application of the same heat treatment. Ultimate tensile strengths reached 839 – 900 MPa for samples without heat treatment and heat treated by solution annealing, the samples after precipitation hardening had tensile strengths of 1577 – 1711 MPa.

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Treatment Temperature on Martensitic Transformation and Superelasticity of the Ti49Ni51 Shape Memory Alloy

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 2539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peiyou Li ◽  
Yongshan Wang ◽  
Fanying Meng ◽  
Le Cao ◽  
Zhirong He
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Thermal Hysteresis ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Tini Phase ◽  
Rapidly Solidified

The martensitic transformation and superelasticity of Ti49Ni51 shape memory alloy heat-treatment at different temperatures were investigated. The experimental results show that the microstructures of as-cast and heat-treated (723 K) Ni-rich Ti49Ni51 samples prepared by rapidly-solidified technology are composed of B2 TiNi phase, and Ti3Ni4 and Ti2Ni phases; the microstructures of heat-treated Ti49Ni51 samples at 773 and 823 K are composed of B2 TiNi phase, and of B2 TiNi and Ti2Ni phases, respectively. The martensitic transformation of as-cast Ti49Ni51 alloy is three-stage, A→R→M1 and R→M2 transformation during cooling, and two-stage, M→R→A transformation during heating. The transformations of the heat-treated Ti49Ni51 samples at 723 and 823 K are the A↔R↔M/A↔M transformation during cooling/heating, respectively. For the heat-treated alloy at 773 K, the transformations are the A→R/M→R→A during cooling/heating, respectively. For the heat-treated alloy at 773 K, only a small thermal hysteresis is suitable for sensor devices. The stable σmax values of 723 and 773 K heat-treated samples with a large Wd value exhibit high safety in application. The 773 and 823 K heat-treated samples have large stable strain–energy densities, and are a good superelastic alloy. The experimental data obtained provide a valuable reference for the industrial application of rapidly-solidified casting and heat-treated Ti49Ni51 alloy.

Formation of a Novel X Phase in Mg–Gd–Zn–Zr Alloy

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 623-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.J. Wu ◽  
Li Ming Peng ◽  
X.Q. Zeng ◽  
D.L. Lin ◽  
W.J. Ding
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Solution Heat Treatment ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Lpso Structure ◽  
Zr Alloy ◽  
Zr Alloys

The coherent fine-lamellae consisting of the 2H-Mg and the 14H-type long period stacking ordered (LPSO) structure within α'-Mg matrix have been observed in an as-cast Mg–Gd–Zn–Zr alloy. During subsequent solid solution heat treatment at 773 K, in addition to the lamellae within matrix, a novel lamellar X phase [Mg–(8.37±1.0)Zn–(11.32±1.0)Gd] with the 14H-type LPSO structure was transformed from the dendritical β phase. The 14H-type LPSO structure existing in Mg–Gd–Zn–Zr alloys derives from two variant ways: formation of the 14H-type LPSO structure comes from two variant means: i.e., the formation within matrix and the phase transformation from the β phase to the X phase in grain boundaries.

Vacuum Heat Treatment of MgO -Densified Pressureless Sintered Silicon Nitride Ceramics

2007 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Demir ◽  
Derek P. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Pressureless Sintering ◽  
Vacuum Heat Treatment ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Edx Analysis ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Nitride Ceramics ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Sintered Silicon

Silicon nitride samples were pressureless sintered with up to 5 w/o MgO to give densities in the range 98-99% of theoretical. After pressureless sintering, selected samples were placed in a vacuum heat treatment furnace surrounded by a carbon bed in a carbon crucible at a pressure of less than 4x10-4 mbar, and vacuum heat treated at different temperatures and times to remove grainboundary glass. The results showed that this was substantially achieved at 1575oC for 3h and that increasing the time to 5 hours gave still further improvement. SEM images, EDX analysis and oxidation tests provided additional evidence for the removal of Mg from the samples.

Formation of Alloy Phases at Fe-Al Interface by Ion Beam Mixing, asRevealed by Interface-Sensitive Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopic Measurements

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.P. Godbole ◽  
V.G. Bhide ◽  
S.V. Ghaisas ◽  
S.M. Kanetkar ◽  
S.M. Chaudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Conversion Electron ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Natural Iron ◽  
Identical Manner ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Argon Ion Bombardment

ABSTRACTThe physical processes associated with the formation of various normal as well as metastable phases at an ion beam mixed Fe-Al interface are studied by using a novel interfacesensitive Conversion Electron Mbssbauer Spectroscopic (CEMS) technique.This technique which has been introduced and used for the first time in these investigations, is based on the deposition of a thin (less than 50 A°) layer of enriched Fe 5 7 isotope (95.45% by composition) at the interface between the aluminium substrate and a post-deposited 250A° film of natural iron (only 2.2% of Fe 57), leading to a considerably enhanced spatial selectivity of the M~ssbauer information regarding the reactions occurring at the interface.A number of samples prepared in the manner mentioned above are subjected to an argon ion bombardment at an incident ion energy of 100 keV and a dose of ≃ 2 × 1016 ions/cm2 The ion beam mixed samples are annealed at different temperatures in the range between 300°C to 600°C for twenty minutes, to provide the thermal energy for the growth of different Fex Aly phases at the interface.Conversion Electron Mössbauer Spectroscopy is employed at each stage of the ion beam processing and annealing of the samples, to characterize the phases formed. All the Mbssbauer spectra are least square fitted using the MOSFIT programme to obtain the best-fit values of Mössbauer parameters. The results indicate a substantial broadening of the Mössbauer lines for the as-implanted samples, a fact which can be attributed to the beam induced radiation damage. Subsequent annealing of the samples at different temperatures leads to annealing of damage and further to the formation of Fe3 Al and FeAl solid solution. Mössbauer spectra of the samples annealed at 500°C indicate segregation of Fe at the interface along with the formation of Fe3Al phase, while annealing at 600°C results in the formation of Fe-Al solid solution phase with traces of effectively unreacted metallic Fe. The unimplanted composites heat-treated in an identical manner do not show these features. These results which are supported by RBS measurements, are interpreted and discussed in terms of the non-equilibrium nature of the ion beam processing of the interface.

Casting and Heat Treatment of Turbocharger Impellers Thixocast from Alloy 201

2012 ◽  
Vol 192-193 ◽  
pp. 556-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiang Zhu ◽  
Stephen Midson ◽  
Chang Wei Ming ◽  
Helen V. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treatment Condition ◽  
Hot Tearing ◽  
Alloy Casting ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Optimum Heat ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Optimum Heat Treatment

Commercial semi-solid cast impellers are produced from Al-Si-Cu alloys heat treated to the T6 temper. The study described in this paper involved the identification of casting and heat treatment parameters to produce semi-solid processed turbocharger impellers from a silicon-free, higher strength 201 alloy. Casting parameters were identified which minimized hot tearing in the alloy 201 impellers. A series of heat treatment studies were performed to determine optimum heat treatment parameters. The T71 temper was identified as the preferred heat treatment condition to produce high strength as well as superior elongation. The results from mechanical property measurements conducted on the T71 heat treated impellers are reported. Optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also used to characterize the microstructure of alloy 201 impellers before and after heat treatment, and representative microstructures are presented.

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